Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 05.djvu/295

* CONCAVE. 247 said to be concave if any side produced cuts the polygon. A spherical polygon i>i said to he con- cave if any side produced cuts the polygon so as to leave part on one hemisplicre and part on the other. . solid is said ta be concave if any face produced cuts the solid. CONCEALMENT (from co}iceul, from OP. coiicclvr. Lai. coiicclarc, to hide, from com-, to- gether + cclarc, to hide). As a legal term, the improper suppression or withholding of facts, the covering up of crimes, or the secretion of a ]-erson or property. The efi'ect of the conceal- ment of facts is dealt with under such titles as Deceit; Eqi itv. Frvi-d: Ix.siuanck (qq.v.). .s an element in criminal oflenses, concealment has been considered in the articles on AcCES- .sory: Birth. Conce.lment of (qq.v.). The concealment of goods which are subject to reve- nue duty, or the secretion of property for the ]iurpose of preventing its being taken in legal process, and the concealment of a debtor to avoid the service of summons on him, are the subjects of statutory provisions, which should be con- sulted. CONCENTRATION CAMPS, or Di.stricts. In the mobilization schemes uf countries whose territories are contiguous, an important feature is of necessity the district within which the mobilized forces concentrate. The term concen- tration camp was used in the Cuban insurrection ( 1896-98) . during which the Spaniards concen- trated all Cuban non-combatants within fixed limits: and similarly, in the British-Boer War of 1809-1902, the British collected the women and cliildren of combatants in the field, as well as all non-combatant men, and estalilished them in camps which were popularly known as concen- tration camps. In 1902 concentration camps were temporarily established by the American military authorities as an incident of the campaign in Mindanao, in the Philippines. CONCENTRATION MARCHES. The metlidd or means by which several bodies of troops from ditl'erent directions rendezvous or concentrate at a given point. Before commencing such an operation, it is necessary to arrange and decide upon, tirst, the l)ase of operations and the objective point; and, secondly, the direction, plan, and method of route. If it is necessary for the various bodies to arrive at a given or uniform time, allowance is made, according to the known or expected proximity of the enemy, and possible or known obstacles or impediments. In calculating necessary time, about 90 yards per minute are allowed for infantry (paragraph 24.5. T'liilerl SIrites Infant ri/ Drill I'cindritions), and 100 yards per minute for cavalry and artil- lery. An average allowance of ten minutes per hour is made for halts. Speed is naturally de- pendent on the strength and composition of the force making the march, smaller bodies moving quicker than lai'ger ones. A column equal to an army corps of all arms will rarely exceed an average of two miles an hour, and an army division about two and a half. Forced marches are often made in concentrating troops, particu- larly if a necessary preliminary to a desired engagement. CONCEPCION, kon-sep'sp-on' (Sp.. concep- tion). The capital of the province of the same name. Chile situated on the Bioliio River, six miles from its mouth (Map; Chile. C 11). The CONCEPTION OF OUR LADY. streets of the city are clean and paved, and are traversed by a street railroad. The chief buildings are the cathedral, the townhall. the agricultural scIujoI, and a normal school. Con- ccpcion is the seat of a bishop. A railroad runs to TalcahuanOj on the Bay of Concepcion. the i)ort of the city, where a United States consular agent resides. The city is in a fertile district, and has an active trade, but little man- ufacturing. Population, in 1S!I!I. ;').5.4.')8. Con- cepcion was founded in I.")."i0. on the site of the ])resent Penco, and built in its present situation in 17o4. after the destruction of the former town in 17.51 by an earthquake. During the Spanish occupation it was the second largest city of Chile. Concepcion has suffered severely from earthquakes, the last disastrous one having ocenrrcd in 1835, after which the city was rebuilt cm a more pretentious plan. In 1818 the inde- pendence of Chile was declared here. CONCEPCION. A seaport town of Panay, l'hilil)pincs. capital of the District of Concep- cion. situated on the eastern coast of the island, 104 miles northeast of Iloilo. It has a post-office and telegraph station. Population, in 1898, 5730. CONCEPCION. A town of Luzon. Philip- pines, in the Province of Tarlac. 10 miles south of Tarlac. It has an important sugar industrv. Population, in 1898, 13,499. CONCEPCION DEL URUGUAY, kon s6p'- se-on' del nri'roo-gwli'e. or CONCEPCION. A town in the Province of Entre Paos. Argentina, situated on the Uruguay River ( Jlap ; Argen- tina, F 10). It is the seat of a national college and a normal school. The town has transporta- tion facilities by rail and water, the river being navigable for large vessels, and controls an important trade in cattle and ))acked meat. Population, in 1895, 6111. Concepcion del LTruguay was foiuided in 1778. and was formerly known as Arroyo de la China. CON'CEPT (Lat. coiiceptiis, thought, from concipere, to conceive, from com-, together + capere, to seize). A general idea resulting from abstraction ( q.v. ), and recognized as general. Thus, from particular ideas of this, that, and the other horse, abstraction selects those marks or qualities common to them all, anH the resulting idea is the concept horse, provided it is recog- nized as general. Hegel and many of his follow- ers use the term concept ( Ger. Bcfiriff ) to de- note the totality constituted by a thinking con- sciousness and all its objects, yotioii was fre- quently used till within the last few decades as a synonym for concept, and even now it is still current in less technical treatises on logic. See Logic. CONCEPTION. See Eiibryoi.ogv, Him.^n. CONCEPTION, in Psychology. See 1de.. CONCEPTION, iMM.vcfLATE. See Im.maci- I..TE CoXCEPTIOX. CONCEPTION OF OUR LADY, Sisters OF THE. An order of nuns, founded in 1484. in honor of the Immaculate Conception, by Bea- trix de Silva, sister of James, first Coiuit of Portalegre, in Portugal. It was confirmed in 1489 by Pope Innocent VIIL. who granted the sisterhood permission to follow the rule of the Cistercians; but after the death of the foundress, in 1489. Cardinal Ximcncs put the nuns under