Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 05.djvu/258

* COMMERCE. 210 COMMERCE. year 1900, the maximum point in the record of In the foregoing statement the increase in the ihe century: export of manufactured articles is the most strik- FiscAL Year Exdixq Ji'xe 30 COUNTRIES Uaited Kingdom Germany France Total Europe North America South America Asia Oceania Africa Total grand dlTisions Imports 1895 $159,100,000 81,000,0(K) 61.600.000 383,700.000 133,900.000 112.200,0011 79.000,000 17,400,001) 6,700,000 $731,900,000 Exports 1895 $387,100,000 92,000,000 4o,10t).000 G27,you.lK.lO 108,6I«),UUU 33,.5iHl,IHlO 17,300,000 13,lllll.(10U 6,400,000 SS06,80U,000 Imports 1900 $l.'i9, 97, 73, 44CI, i;io, 93. 139, 34, 11, 600,000 400,01X1 000,000 000,000 0110.000 700,000 800.000 ,600,000 ,200,000 $849,900,000 Exports 1900 $.W3, 187, 83, 1,040, 187, 38, 64, 43, 19, 8IW,000 300,000 30O,OtPU 200,000 600,000 900,01 K) 900.000 4l.H),IJ00 500,000 $1,394,300,000 The following expresses the same matter in percentages of the total imports and exports: 1S95 1900 Imports Exports Imports Exports Europe North America.... South America.... 62.41 18.29 15.32 10.61 2.39 .78 .19 77.76 13.45 4.15 2.15 1.62 .79 .09 61.84 15.30 11.02 16.45 4.07 1.32 74.60 13.45 2.79 4.66 3.11 1.30 Other Countries.. It will be observed that, with larger figures throughout in I'JOO than in 1895, or larger ag.aregate transactions, there has been little change in the relative figures. Europe supplies us with approximately one-half of our imports, and absorbs approximately three-fourths of our exports. The most marked change in the rela- tive figures, though it is after all slight, is .seen in the falling off of exports to Europe and South America, and the increase in exports to other parts of the world. The character of imports into the United States in general is shown in the following table: ing and important feature. In 1880 manufac- turing exports were less than one-sixth as large as those of agriculture, while twenty years later they had grown to over one-half as large. In specific classes of exports the most important features of the exports of 1900 were: Bread- stuffs ($262,700,000), cotton ($241,800,000), provisions, meat products (.$184,400,000), iron and steel and tlieir manufactures ($121,900,000), mineral oils ($7-5,000.000), wood and its manu- factures ($51,000,000), animals (.$43,000,000), tobacco and manufactures ( $35,400,000 ), and coal ($19,500,000). BiBLiOGii.vpiiY. Commerce and yarigation of Ihe United States, issued annually by the Bureau of Statistics, Treasury Department; the monthly Hiimtnary of Commerce and Finance, of the same liureau, which contains important monographs of special topics; Consular lieports, issued daily and monthly, and Commercial Relations, pub- lished amiuallv. by the Bureau of Foreign Com- merce, State Department, give information re- garding trade conditions abroad, gathered by the consuls of the United States. The prelimi- nary section of Commercial Relations is a review of the world's commerce, and is also published Imported Merchandise Entered for CoNsrMrTioN 1890 1895 1900 Per cent, of total value ABTICLES 1890 1895 1000 $248,600,000 178,400,000 84,700,000 154,500,000 107,500,000 $226,400,000 187.500,000 83,700,000 140,800,000 92,700,000 $216,100,000 299,400,000 80,600,000 130,600,000 103,300,000 32.12 30.97 23.06 25.64 10.94 11.46 19.96 19.25 13.91 12.68 26.02 Articles in a crude condition which enter into the va- 36.04 Articles wholly or partly manufactured for use as mat+^rials in the manufactures and mechanic arts... 9.70 15.72 12.51 The list of specific articles imported is very comprehensive. Some of the most conspicuous in the importations of 1900 were: Sugar ($100,- 000.000). chemicals ($53,700,000), coffee ($52,- 500.000), and raw silk ($45,300,000). The general nature of the exports of the Unit- ed States appears in the following statement of exports: separately. Similar official publications are is- sued b.v other governments. Tlie consular re- ports of C4reat Britain. France, the German Em- pire, Austria, Italy, and Belgium arc to be espe- cially noted, as well as the annual Statistical Abstract of Foreign Countries issued by the British Board of Trade. Among historical and descriptive works, the PRODUCE OF 1880 1890 1895 1900 $686,000,000 $629,800,000 74.61% $22,300,000 29.500,000 7,500,000 5,200,000 161,100.000 17.8770 $553,200,000 69.73% $18,500,000 28,600,000 5,300,000 4,200,000 183,600,000 23.14% $835,900,000 60.98% $6,900,000 17,300,000 5,300.000 6,900.000 102.900.000 12., 18';}. $37,800,000 52.200.000 6.30O.00O 4,700,000 433.900,000 31.6.5%