Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 05.djvu/126

* COCHRANE. 98 ean service led to his resignation from the Bra- zilian. His next appointment was the command of the Greek Navy (1827-28) ; but an insuffi- ciency of sliips and men prevented the accom- plishment of anything of importance. In 1831 he succeeded to the Dundonald peerage; in the fol- lowing year, 'illLim IV. satisfied a general wish by granting him a free pardon for the offense of which he had been convicted, and in 1847 Queen Victoria renistated him in the Order of the Bath and to liis naval rank. In 1877 his heirs received compensation for his unjust con- demnation in a restoration of eighteen years' loss of pay and allowances as a naval officer. From 1848 to ISol he was commander-in-chief of the North American and West Indian stations, and became rear-admiral of the United Kingdom in 1854. To an advanced age he busied himself with scientific inventions for the navy, and early recognized the advantage of steam-power and of the application of the screw propeller to war- ships. He published: Xotes on the Miiteralogy, Governincnl, and Cundition of the British ^Yest India Islands (1851) ; Xarrative of Services in the Liberation of Chile, Peru, and Brazil (1859) ; and an Autobiography (2 vols.. 2d ed., 1860) : the same completed by the eleventh Earl and H. R. Fox Bourne (2 vols., London. 1869). He died at Kensington, and was buried in West- minster Abbey. Consult: Fortescue, Dundonald (London, ISO'o), and Atlay, Trial of Lord Coch- rane Before Lord EUenborough (London, 1897). COCINERO, ko'se-na'ro (Sp., cook). The name nf vavimis species of West Indian crevalle (q.v.). COCK, The. A primitive tavern or alehouse on Fleet Street, near Temple Bar. London, with decorations of the period of James I. It is a fa- mous resort, and is well known through Tenny- son's ■■Will Waterproof's Lyrical Monologue." The same name was borne by several other Lon- don taverns, of which one on Threadneedle Street was specially renowned. COCKADE (Fr. cocarde or coquarde, from fo</, cock ) . A word first found in the works of Rabelais, and in the early part of the seven- teenth century used to designate a cocked hat or cap set jauntily on the head. Later on, how- ever, it acquired a more restricted meaning, and was applied to the clasp or knot of ribbon which decorated the loop or cock of the hat. The word is now employed to designate a rosette or knot of ribbon, leather, or other material worn on the hat as a badge or ornament. Cockades have al- ways been used as party badges and insignia since the War of the Spanish Succession, when the red and Avhite cockade was adopted by the French. In England the Stuart cockade -was white, the Hanoverian was black, and frequent references to the rival colors are to be met with in the literature of the time. As early as 1767, a regnlatifin in France provided that every French soldier should ■mount the cockade.' the color being white: and a later decree, in 1782, restricted the wearing of cockades to the mili- tary. From this period till the outbreak of the French Revolution the cockade was an exclu- sively military emblem, and ■to mount the cock- ade' was synonymous with becoming a soldier, both in Prance and England. After the meeting of the States-General of France in 1789, cockades of green were worn by the advanced party, but COCKATOO. these soon gave way to the more popular red, white, and blue — the tricolor of the Revolution. See Tricolor. Every nation of Europe has its own cockade. In Germany, black, yellow, and white, and black, red, and gold have been used; in Austria, black and yellow; in Russia, green and white. In England the cockades worn are always black — the old Hanoverian color; but being used, gen- erally, as part of the liverj' of coachmen and footmen, they have lost all special significance. Consult: Genealogical Magazine, vols, i.-iii. (London. 1 807-90 ) ; Racinet. Lr costume his- toriqur (0 vols,, Paris, 1888), COCKAIGNE, kok-an'. A name given to an imaginary land of good things — of idleness, lux- ury, and perfect happiness. The word appears in a varietj' of spellings in English and French, and means the ■land of abundance.' In it the rivers llowed with wine, the houses were built of dainties, and cooked fowls offered themselves for eating. Its English synonym is 'lubberland.' It is the subject of a popular .satirical poem of the thirteenth century, The Land of Cocl^aigne, and is a burlesque term applied to London and to Paris. COCK AND THE FOX, The. A modernized version of Chaucer's Xun's Priest's Tale — made by .John Dryden and published, with other trans- lations, under the title of Fables, in 1699, short- ly licfiire his death. COCK'ATIEL (from Dutch kakatielje, from Port, cacalilho, cacatelho, cockatoo). ■ One of the small, long-tailed Australian parrots of the genus Calopsitta, sometimes called 'cockatoo parrakeets,' or 'ground parrakeets,' particularly the favorite cage-bird Calopsitta yovw-Eol- landice. This pretty species is found wild nearlv all over Australia, where it goes about in flocks, and nests in hollow trees. It is about 12 inches long, half of which belongs to the tail, which ends in two prolonged and sharply pointed feathers, "The prevailing hue is dark- gray, . . . the forehead and cheeks are lemon-yellow, while the feathers of the crest, which caimot be depressed, are yellow at the base and gray above. A bright patch of reddish orange on the ear-coverts occupies the middle of the yellow area, and the . . . wings are ornamented witii a broad band of white." See CocK.VTOO, and Plate of P.vrrots axd Parra- keets. COCKATOO' (Hind. kalOtua, Malay kal-a- tua. onomalo]inetic from its cry). A bird of the family Cacatuida", of the order Psittaci ( q.v, ) . They'are closely related to the true parrots, and by some ornithologists are regarded as merely a subdivision of that family. The bill is high and curved from the base, and the tail is long, broad, and rounded. The head is also large, and in the true cockatoos is surmounted by a crest of long and ]iointcd feathers, with their tips directed forward, which can be erected and expanded like a fan or depressed at the pleasure of the bird. The true cockatoos (Cacatua) are generally whitish in color, often finely tinged with red, orange, or other colors. The name 'cockatoo,* however, is also commonly extended to nearly allied genera, as Calyptorhynchus and Micro- glossus, in both of which the plumage is gener- ally dark, and to which belong the black cocka- toos of .ustralia and of the Indian Archipelago.