Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 05.djvu/103

* COAL-TAR COLORS. T7 Malachite Oreen, Benzaldehyde Green, or Vic- toria Green, 3CHH2jN,C1.2ZnCl2+H,0, made by the oondensalion ol beiizaliL'iiyde with diiiiethyl- aniline, and the subsequent addition of hydro- chloric acid and zinc chloride. Murtius's YeUou CoHsN.OsSNa, made by the action of nitric acid on o-naphthol-nionosul- phonic acid. Mauvc'in (liydrochloride), or ^Vniline Violet, C^HjaNiCl, made by the action of cliromic acid on aniline containing some toluidine. ilcthijl Orange, CulIi^NaSOaNa, made by the successive action of nitrous acid and methyl- aniline upon para-amidobenzene-sulphonie acid; it is the sodium salt of hclianthin. Mcihijl Yiotct, CiiH-iNjCl, made by oxidizing dimetliyl-aniline with metallic salts. MelhtjJcne Blue. C„,II„NjSCl, made by heating amido-dimctlivhiniline with sulphide of iron. Naphthol Yclloiv, C,oH»N.OsSK, made by the action of nitric acid on a-naphthol-trisulphonie acid. Xigrosin, Ci,H,,N3, made by heating aniline salts with nitrobenzene. Xight Blue, C,sH»,NjO (the hydrochloride of this is the commercial dye), made by heating pararosaniline with aniline and benzoic acid. Pararosaniline (chloride), C'uHigNsCl, made by oxidizing a mixture of para-toluidine and aniline v.ilh arsenic acid, or nitrobenzene. I'hent/lcnc Brown. See Aniline Brown above. Poneenux, or Bordeaux. — Various derivatives of azonaphthalene. "Ponceau 3R," C,oHioN,0, SjNa,, is made by combining diazo-cumene chlo- ride with /3-naplithol-disulphonic acid. I'rhnulin, C,,Hi.N;S( ?), made by the action of sulphuric acid on thiotoluidine. liesordn Yellow, or Tropteolin, O, Cj2H,„N30t,S, made by the action of diazobenzene-sulphonic acid on resorcin. Rhodamine (hydrochloride), CsHajN.OsCl, made by the action of phosphorus trichloride on ihiorescein. and treatment of the product with diethylamine. RoccelUn, C,„H,3N;0jSNa, made by the action of jS-naphtliol on the diazo-eompound of naph- thionie acid. Rosanilinc. — See Fuchsin above. Rose Bengale, C3„H,CLL0.,K.. ' made by the successive action of chlorine and iodine upon fluorescein. Rosolic Acid, CioHnjOj, closely allied to aurin ; neither aurin nor rosolic acid is specially valu- able. Hafranin, CnH^NjCl, made by the oxidation of a mixture of toluylene-diamine and aniline or toluidine. Tropocolin. — This name is applied to various compoimds made by the successive action of nitroiis acid and phenols upon amidobenzene sulphonie acids. See Kesorcin Yellow above. Urauin. C^.H^OsNa;, the sodium salt of fluo- rescein (which see above). Victoria Green. — See ^Malachite Green above. Victoria Orange. — See Aniline Orange above. Bibliography. Schultz. Die Chemie des Stein- hohlentheers (Brunswick, 1890) : Villon. Trnite pratique des matiires colorantes artificiclles {Paris, ISnOl ; Cazeneuve. Repertoire annli/tique drs matiere.t colorantes artificielles (Lvons, 1893) -. Schultz and Julius. Hi/stematie ' Sur- reji of the Organic Coloring Matters, trans- lated by Green (New York, 1894) ; Hurst, Dic- COASTAL PLAIN. iionary of the Coal-Tar Colors (London, 189G) ; Lef&vre, Traitf des maticres colorantes organ- iques artificielles (2 vols., Paris, 189); Seye- wetz and Sisley, Chimie des nialUris colorantes artificiclles (Paris, 1897) ; Benedikt, Chemistry of the Coal-Tar Colors, translated by Knecht (Loudon, 1900); Nietzki, Chemistry of the Organic Dijcstuffs, translated by Collin and Kichardson (London, 1892; newer German edi- tion, Berlin, 1901). A journal devoted to the progress of the coal-tar industry has, since 1877, been publislied in Berlin by Friedliindcr, under the title, Forlsclirille de'r Theerfarben- ludustne mid icricandtrr Industrieziceige. The most important dyesturt's will be found described in some detail luider their special names. See also DvEiNci : Textile Printing. COAL'VILLE. A towai of Leicestershire, Eng- land, Hi miles northwest of Leicester, in the midst of a coal district. Population, in 1001, 15,300. COALVILLE. A city and the county-seat of Summit County, Utah, 40 miles southeast of Ogden; on the Ujjjqj, Pacific Railroad (Map: Utah, B 1 ). It is in a coal-mining region. Pop- ulation, in 1890, 1106; 1900, 80S. COAN, ko'an, Titus (1801-82). An Ameri- can missionary, born in Connecticut. He was ordained as a Congregational minister in 1833, and in that year made a trip of exploration to Patagonia, where he wished to establish a mis- sion. Circumstances were unfavorable, and he returned, but soon afterwards went to the Ha- aiian Islands, and for forty-seven years was stationed as a missionary at Hilo. Besides his work as a missionary. Dr. Coan published many valuable papers on the volcanoes of Hawaii, and two books entitled Ad rent u res in Patagonia (1880) and Life in Hawaii (1881). COANZA, ko-iin'za. See Kuanza. COASTAL PLAIN". In physiography, the name given to a portion of the North American Continent bordering the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. From New York to Georgia the Coastal Plain includes the strip of low-lying lands that is limited on the east by the Atlantic and on the west by the first foot-hills of the Appalachian Mountain system. In northern Alabama the Coastal Plain passes around the southern limit of the Appalachians, after which it widens out, and reaches northward as far as the Ohio River. West of the Mississippi River it extends with decreasing width southwestward into Mexico. The peculiar features of the Coastal Plain are its low elevation and the pre- dominance of stratified rock-formations of recent geological age. On the outer border the surface is flat and raised but little above sea-level ; toward the interior there is an increasing di- versity of relief owing to the higher elevation and the extensive erosion by streams. The west- ern limit of the plain, where the horizontal strata give way to the upturned and eroded rocks of the Appalachians, is marked by a sharp slope and by numerous cataracts. Geologically the Coastal Plain consists of Cretaceous, Ter- tiary, and Quaternary beds, which still retain the relative positions they acquired during de- position, although they have since been elevated above sea-level. Consult Mill. The International Geographii (Nevr York, 1900). See America; United States.