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* CAKIRI. 319 CASLETON. constitute a distinct stock. Tiiey are now re- duced to |)erliaps 500 souls. CARISBROOKE, kai-'is-bryk. A village in the IsIc of Wight, adjoinini? Newport (Map: Enf^land, E 6), which was formerly the new port' of Carisbrooke. It is cliieily noted for its castle, which is supposed to have been built by the Saxons. It was enlar-jed in the Eleventh Century by the first Lord of Wight, was cap- tured by Stephen in 1136, and in the time of Ridiard II. successfully resisted attacks by the French. During the reign of Elizabeth it was enlarged and tlie present outer works added. It was in this castle that Charles I. took refuge in Xovember, 1047, and was imprisoned for thir- teen months. After his execution his two young- est children were confined in the castle, and Princess Elizabeth died there, nineteen months later. The remains of the castle are still exten- sive. Near by are the ruins of a Cistercian priory founded in the Twelfth Century, and vestiges of a Roman villa. The population of Carisbrooke is about 8200. Consult Beattie, "Carisbrooke Castle and its Ancient Lords," in Britixh ArchceoJogical Journal, Vol. X. (London, 185.5 ) . CARISSIMI, ka-res'se-rae, Giacomo (1604- 74). An Italian church composer. He was born at JIarino, where he acquired his first knowl- edge of music. In 1624-28 he was kapellmeister at Assisi, and from that time until his death at the Church of Saint Apollinaris in Rome. His works mark a turning point from the poly- phonic style of the Palestrina school to the mod- em dramatic method. In his search for ex])res- sion he produced a freer recitative that ideally fitted the accents of ordinary speech, and he gave prominence to the instrumental accompani- ment. He was the creator of the chamber can- tata, and added an instrimiental accompaniment to the motet. His style is more animated and graceful than that of his predecessors. His nu- merous compositions included cantatas, oratorios, masses, motets, and even music of a comic char- acter. The greater part of them has perished, but enough has been preserved in various li- braries (chiefly in manuscript) to entitle Caris- simi to a rank among the most important figures in the history of music. Among his published works were the following: "Jephta," "Judicium Salomonis," "Baltazar," "Jonas" (oratorios strikingly foreshadowing Handel), in Vol. II. of Chrysander's Deiilniialer der Tuitkiinst (1856); motets (1C64 and 1667); masses (166.3 and 1667) : Arte da camera (1667) : and .4rs €an- tandi (3d ed., 1696). As a teacher Carissimi v.as greatly esteemed, Alessandro .Scarlatti, Buo- noncini, and Cesti being the most noted of his pupils. CAR'KER, J.MES. The unscrupulous busi- ness manager of Mr. Dombey in Dickens's novel Dombey and .So>i. He is a sly. smooth schemer, with gleaming white teeth. Edith, his employ- er's second wife, agrees to elope with him, to revenge herself on her husband; but she spurns him in the moment of his e.vpected triumph. He is crushed by a railroad train in trying to escape from llic man whom he has so deeply wronged. CARL, Piiii.ipp (1837-91). A German physi- cist, born at Xeustadt, Middle Franconia. He studied the exact sciences in Munich, and spent Vol. IV.— 15. several years in astrophysical researches at the observatory of that city. In 1865 he estab- lished, and for several years thereafter directed, a workshop for the manufacture of mathemat- ical instruments. In that year he established also the Reperiorium fiir Hxiierimentalphysik. which he edited until 1882. His published works in- clude: Die I'rincipien dcr axtroiiO)nischen In- strumentenhtinde (1863), and Reperiorium der Kometcnastronomie ( 1864). CABLEN, kiir-lan', Emildi Smith Flygare (1807-92). A Swedish novelist, noted for her stories of seafaring folk, fishermen, and smug- glers, with whom as a child .she had come in frequent contact, through the trading voyages of her father, Rutger Smith. She was born at Stromstad and married, at the age of twenty, the physician A. Fh-gare. After his death, in 1833, she decided to devote herself to literature. Her first novel, Waldemar Klein (1838), was fol- lowed by her marriage (1841) to Johan Gabriel Carlen, a lawyer and poet of Stoekliolm. Popu- lar tales followed in rapid succession until 1852, when she lost a son and wrote no more until 1858. With her husband's death in 1875 her lit- erary activity ceased altogether, although until that time her salon had been the literary centre of the capital. She founded charitable endow- ments in aid of students and of teachers, and of fishermen and their widows. Of her works (30 vols.), manj- are translated into German, French, and English. Characteristic are Gustav Lin- dorm (1839) ; The Rose of Tisteliin (1842) ; and The Maiden's Toucr (1848). She wrote, also, a bright autobiography, Reminiscences of iiwedish Lit'eniry Life (1878). CARLES, kiirlas. A town of Panay, Philip- pines, in the District of Concepcion, situated at the northeastern extrcmitv of the island. Popu- lation, in 1898, 10,300. CARLETON, k-irl'ton. A suburb of Saint John (q.v.). Xew Brunswick, Canada (Map: New Brunswick, C 4 ) , CARLETON, karl'ton. Sir Guy, first Lord Dorchester (1724-1808). A British soldier and administrator. He served at Louisburg, Quebec, and Belle Isle, and was woimded in the siege of Havana in 1762, In 1766 he was appointed Lieu- tenant-Governor, and in 1775 Governor of Quebec Soon afterwards he took command of the British forces in Canada, successfully repelled the attack of Montgomery and Benedict Arnold in 1775-76, defeated Arnold on Lake Champlain, and cap- tured Crown Point (1776). For these services he was raised to the rank of lieutenant-general. In 1777 he was sujierseded by Buigoyne. In 1782 he succeeded Sir Henrv' Clinton as commander-in- chief in America. Carleton remained in Xew York until after the treaty of peace had been signed. On his return home he was granted a pension of £1000 a year, and was created Baron Dorchester. In 1786 he ag-ain l)ecame Governor of Quebec, and wa.s very pojmlar as an adminis- trator of that province. Under him Canada was divided into the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada. HeTcturned to England in 1796. CARLETON, Henry Giy (1850—). An .merican journalist and dramatist. He is best known as a pla-vright, and among his principal dramas are The Prmhertons. Virtor Ditrnnd, The (lilded Fool, and Ainhition. His tragedy Memnnn (1881), based on an incident of Egj-ptian historj'.