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* CARGO. 214 CABIBAN STOCK. sitniees, the time of departure, nnd other particu- lars. The custom-house oflieers may demand to see this book at any time. The cargo of passen- };er-ships is placed in some degree under the control of the emigration officers by an act passed in 1852. CAR'HART, Henry Smith (1844—). An American physicist and professor in the Uni- versity of Michigan. He ^vas born at Cocymans, X. Y.," March 27, 1844, and graduated from W'es- Icvan University in 1800. He pursued graduate studies at Yale, Harvard, and Uerlin. and after serving as professor at Northwestern University, was appointed to the faculty of the University of Michigan in 1886. Professor Carhart has de- voteil himself largely to the study of electricity, particularly the subject of standard cells and primary batteries, one of the best types of the formerhaving been devised bv him and known as the Carhart-Clark cell. Professor Carhart has been a delegate from the TJnited States to sev- eral international electrical congresses, and in 1893 was president of the board of judges in the department of electricity at the World's Colum- bian E.xposition in Chicago. He is the author of Primant Battericfi (1801), a standard treatise on this' subject ; Vniversitf/ Physics (1804-90); Elements of Physics (1895); and other text- books and treatises. CARHEIL, ka'ra'y', Etiexne de. A Jesuit missionary among the Huron and Iroquois In- dians of Canada from about 1008 to about 1721. For many years he was stationed at ilichili- mackinac, as superior of the Indian mission there, but he met with little success, and in 1701 most of the converts he had made left him to live in the newly established settlement of De- troit. CA'BIA "( Lat., Gk. Kopia. Kariti ) . In ancient ceography, the southwesternmost country of Asia Minor, bounded on the north by Lydia, on the east by Phrygia, on the southeast by Uycia, and on the west and southwest by the Jlediter- ranean. Before the IMacedonian conquest, Caria was cut off from the sea on the west by Ionia, and on the southwest by the Dorian colonies. A large portion of vhat was Caria is mountain- ous. The chief ranges were called the Cadmiau and the Latmian. The most important river was the Ma-ander, famous for its windings. Caria was, at an early date, governed by petty princes or kings; it afterwards became a part of the Persian Empire, the former princes continuing to rule as satraps: and it subsequently came into the hands of the :Macedonian kings of Egypt; and finally, with the rest of Asia, into those of the Romans. Among the chief towns were Cnidus, Halicarnassus, "and Miletus. In the early history of the .^gean lands, the Carians are frc<iiicntly mentioned, and tl'.e Greek writers seem to have believed that they were of the same race as the pre-Hellenic inhabitants of Atti- ca and some of the islands. Jlany modern eth- nologists also hold that the Carians were the remnant of the early population of the .Egean. CABIACO, karyii'kd. A seaport of Venezuela, situated .5 miles from the head of the Gulf of Cariago, 40 miles east of Cumanfi (Map: Vene- zuela, El). It is the centre of a fertile district and has considerable coastwise trade. The gulf is very well sheltered, being open only to the westward. Cariaco was founded about ICOO. Population, about 7000. gAEIAMA, S!i'r.*-!l'ma (Brazilian), or Sebi- E^iA. A bird. Ctiriama rristaln. allied to the cranes, but also resembling certain raptorial birds, and now generally ranked in a separate family, placed near the cranes and bustards. It is a native of Guiana, Brazil, and Paraguay, inhabiting open plains and the outskirts of for- ests, where it feeds chiefly on serpents, lizards, and insects. It is larger than the common heron ; the plumage is brown, finely waved with darker brown, whitish on the lower parts. When pur- sued, the cariama seeks safety by running and does not readily attempt to use its wings. Its voice resembles' that of a young turkey. It is much esteemed for the table, and is sometimes reared in a domesticated state. W. H. Hudson, the Argentine naturalist, considers it related to one of Uie great extinct birds of Patagonia, Phoro- rachos hiffatus, as closely as armadillos are re- lated to Glvptodon. Consult Proceedings Zo- oloqienl Society of London for 1889 and 1899. See Plate of Craxes, etc. CAKIB (West Indian, valiant man). A pred- atory and warlike people from whom the Cari- ban' stock (q.v.) takes its name, formerly oc- cupying most of the Lesser Antilles, by conquest or "expulsion of the original Arawakan tribes. They had eome from the southern mainland, being expert seamen. Like nearly all the tribes of this stock, they were distinguished for fe- rocity and cruelty, and were also addicted to cannibalism, the very word cannibal being a derivative from their" tribal name. To put an end to the chronic disturbances occasioned_ by their presence, the English Government, in 1706, deported almost all the members of the tribe from Dominica and Saint Vincent to the is- land of Ruatan on the coast of Honduras, whence they have since spread over the neighboring main- land to the number of several thousand. From admixture with the negroes, a part of them are distinguished as Black Caribs. CAK'IBAN STOCK. One of the most im- portant linguistic stocks of South America, its tribes holding at the time of the discovery nearly the yvhole coast and midland region of Venezuela and British Guiana, including the lower Orinoco, together yvith the Lesser Antil- les. Everj'^yhere they were distinguished as a warlike race, the terror of their weaker neigh- bors, who were steadily retiring before them. In spite of their exceptional cruelty, they are de- scribed as "the strongest, handsomest, and most intelligent" of all the natives of that portion of the continent. They were expert boatmen, mak- ing use of the sail, "a thing unknown among the other tribes, and in fleets sometimes numbering 100 canoes were accustomed to ascend the Ori- noco, destroying everything before them. They were partly agricultural, and made excellent ])otterv. The present distribution of the princi- pal Cariban tribes is as follows: On the river Guapore in ;Mato Grosso Province, Brazil, are the Palmellas, the most southerly members of the stock. The Bakairis and the Xahuquas dwell on the upper Xingu. In Brazilian Guiana are the Apotos and Waywai; in French fUiiana. the Ron- ccmyennes and Galibis: in Dutch Guiana, the Kalinas: in British (iuiana. the ^Iiicusi: and in Venezuela, the Makirifares and Motilones. The