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* CAPELLA. 168 CAPEN. con, a kind of encyclopirdia, liiplily estcpined dur- ing the Middle Ages as a work of reference. It is written in a medley of prose and verse, and is full of eurious learning, but possesses no lit- erary value. The style has all the bombastic jionip of the African school of later Latinists. It consists of nine books. The first two consist of an allegory, The Nuptials of Philoloijif and Mfrcurii, while the remaining seven are devoted to the 'liberal arts' — grammar, dialectics, rhet- oric, geometry, arithmetic, astronomy, and nuisie. The book on astronomy is remarkable as con- taining a hint of the true theory of the solar sj's- teni. jlercury and Venus are there declared to move around the sun, and not around the earth, and their relation to these bodies is properly ex- plained. The best edition is that of Ej-ssenhardt, Leipzig (Teubner), IStili. CAPELLINI, ka'pel-lG'ne, Giovaxm (1S33 — ). An Italian geologist, born in Spezia. He studied at the University of Pisa, and in 1800 was appointed jirofcssor in Genoa. Subsequently he was calkid to be professor of geologj- and l)alcontology in Bologna. He was one of the first Italian scientists to accept the Darwinian theory. He founded in Bologna a geological museum, and originated the international con- gress for anthropology and prehistoric archa-ology. His publications include: Delfini fossili del Jio- lognese (1864): Relazione d'un viant/io svien- tijico neW America settentrionole (1807): and Arnii e rifensili di pietra del Bolor/nese (1870). CAPELLO, ka-pel'16, or CAPPELLO (It., hair), Bianca (c.1542-87). An Kalian adven- turess, wife of Francesco de' Medici. She was born of a noble family in Venice, and in 1.50.'? eloped to Florence with Pitro Bonaventuri. Soon afterwards she formed a liaison with Francesco de' ISIedici, who had recently married Joanna, Archduchess of Austria. The lack of a male heir was a source of great sorrow to Francis, and in 1.576 Bianca presented to him a supposititious son, whom the Duke received as his own and named Antonio. To prevent the detection of the imposture, she caused the assassination of those who had assisted her in its perpetration. Bona- venturi had been put to death by order of Fran- cesco in 1570, and .loanna died in 1578. Three months later, notwithstanding the opposition of his relatives and counselors, Bianca persuaded the Grand Duke to make lier his wife. The mar- riage was approved by Philip II. of Spain, and in October, 1570, Bianca was proclaimed Grand Duchess of Tuscany. She immediately endeavored to secure her position by obtaining the good-will of the iledici family, and particularly of the Cardinal Ferdinand, brother and next heir to Francesco. In 1587, however, the two brothers and Bianca met at Poggio & Cajano, and a few days later the Grand Duke and his wife were suddenly taken ill and both died. Ferdinand has been accused, but probably unjustly, of hav- ing poisoned them. Though through life she re- tained undiminished power over tlie afl'eetions of her capricious prince, Bianca did not succeed in making Antonio his successor. She failed, too, to conciliate her subjects, and many stories of her cruelty and propensity for magical arts are part of the popular tradition of Florence to-day. Consult: Siebenke, Jiianca Capello (Gotha, 1789) ; Saltini, Delia morte di Francesco de' Medici e di Bianca Capcllo (Florence, 18G3) ; and two articles on Bianca Capello in the Ixeviie des Deux Uondcs (Paris, 1884). CAPELLO, Hekmexegildo Augvsto de Buito (183;) — ). A Portuguese African traveler, born in Lisbon. He became a captain in the royal navy in 1880. In 1877 he w-as sent by the Gov- ernment with Major Serpa Pinto and Roberto Ivcns to explore the Portuguese ecdony of An- gola. He and Ivens separated from Serpa Pinto and explored the basin of the Kuangi from the headwaters of that river to the Vaka district. With Ivens he was again dispatched by the Gov- ernment in March, 1884, to traverse the southern liart of the continent from Portuguese West Africa (Angola) to Portuguese East .Vfriea. He explored Amboella and the watershed between the Kongo-Lualaba and Zambezi rivers, and di- rected his course along the Zambezi from Zumbo to Quilimane on the eastern coast, where he ar- rived in Jlay, 1885. In colhiboration with Ivens he wrote Dc Benquellu as terras de Jaeea (1881), and De Anfioht a Conlra-Costa (1886). CAPE LOOKOUT. A point of land on the east coast of North Carolina, about 70 miles southwest of Cape Hatteras, and 1'2 miles south- cast of Beaufort, in latitude 34' 37' N. and longi- tude 70° 31' W. (Map: North Carolina, F 3). The lighthouse on this point has a fi.xed white light 150 feet above mean high water. CAPE MATAPAN, mii'td-pan'. The south- ernmost extremity of Greece, between the gulfs of Laconia and Jlessenia, in latitude 30° 23' N. and longitude 22° 29' E. (Map: Greece, D 5). The ancient Greeks called it Ticnarum, and made it sacred to Neptune, whose temple stood near the cape. CAPE MAY. The southern point of New Jersey, on the north side of the entrance to Delaware Bay (Map: New Jersey, C 5). A lighthouse with light flashing every thirty sec- onds, 1041o feet above mean high water, is lo- cated here. CAPE MAY. A frequented watering-place, sometimes called Cape City, or Cape Island City. It is the southernmost city of New Jersey, in Cape May County, on the South Jersey and West Jersey and Seashore railroads (Jlap: New Jersey, C 5 ). There is a fine beach several miles long, with excellent bathing facilities: the hotels are numerous and of modern construc- tion, and in sunnner the place is a favorite resort of Philadelphians, as well as of peojjle from cities more remote. The climate is usually equable and pleasant. The city has fishing, gold- beating, canning, and oyster-raising interests. Its government is administered by a mayor, elected cverv two years, and a city council. Population, in I'snO, 2i30: in 1000, 2257. CAPE MENDOCINO, men'dft-se'nd. A cape in Humboldt County, Cal., the extreme western point of the State,' in latitude 40° 20' 24" N. and longitude 124° 23' 27" W. (Map: California, A 1 ). On its highest point, 428 feet above sea- level, is located a lighthouse of the first class. CA'PEN, Elmer Hewitt (1838—). An American clergyman and educator, bom in Stoughton, :XIass. He graduated at Tufts Col- lege in 1800, and was admitted to the SulTolk bar in 1803. Subsequently he studied theology, was ordained pastor of tiic Independent Chris-