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* CANKEKWORM. 140 CANNES. they may denude whole orchards or groves of trees in a few days as though a Hanie had swept through, whence has arisen the local name, "fire- worm.' Tliis is the worm that strips currant- bushes of leaves in the spring, and it was to com- bat this caterpillar that the English house-spar- row was introihued into the I'nited States: but it checked the cankerwonns but little. (See HocsE- Sparrow.) The wingless females may be caught as they creep up the trunk of a tree by bands of tarred paper or other sti<-ky substance wrapped ahtmt the trunk of the tree. Shade-trees may be sprayed with Paris green in water: bit this poison must be used with caution on fruit-trees. CANLASSI, k;-in-las'sf. GriDO (1601-81). An Italian jiainlcr. born near Rimini. He is more often called 'll Cagnacci.' A pupil of Guido Eeni, whom he imitated, he is his superior as a colorist. Most of his paintings were executed in Vienna, where he was patronized by the Em- peror Leopold I. There are pictures by Cagnacci in Rome and Florence, but his best wcn-ks are in Germany and Austria. CAN'NA (Lat., Gk. Kai-va, kanna, reed). A genus of succulent herbs of the order Scita- minace*. natives of warm coimtries in both hemispheres, and extensively cultivated as foli- age plants for heavy or mass effects. Stem 3 to 14 feet high, unbranched, leaves large, flowers mostly red or yellow, and borne irregularly in a terminal raceme or panicle. Many varieties are in cultivation. The dwarf (seldom exceeding 4 feet), large-flowered, I'rench and Italian varie- ties are most in favor, and are much used as centrepieces in formal beds and in small clumps in borders. Cannas are propagated either from seed (new varieties) or by dividing the root- stock and planting in pots. They are of easy culture. A rich, warm soil with plenty of mois- ture is desirable. When wanted for mass effects, they are set about 6 inches apart each way, after danger of frost is past. The flowers should be picked as soon as they wilt, to prevent the for- mation of seed, and thus prolong the flowering season. After the stalks are cut in the fall, the roots are stored and handled like potatoes until wanted for j)lanting. The roots of some species of canna contain considerable amounts of starch. Canna coccinea is sometimes used to supply starch. CANNABICH, kiin'na-biK. Johanx Gunther FRiEDiiUii ( 1777-18o!l), A German geographer, born in Sonder.shausen. He studied at the Uni- versity of .Tena, was in 1807 appointed rector of the town school in Greussen, in 1810 became pas- tor in Niederbiisa, and in 183.'i m Itendeleben. His Lehrhnch iler Geoiimphic (1810: I8th ed., 2 vols., 1870-7.5) has been widely circulated in Germany. His other works include: Xeuestcs Gemuld'e von Fratih-rcich (2 vols., 1831-32). and HilfshKch heim Vnterricht in der Geoqraphie (3 vols., IS.-iS-SS). CAN'NABIS. See Hemp. CANN.a; (Lat., Gk. Kiwai, kaiinai, reeds). An lUKiint town of South Italy, on the right bank of the Aufidus (Ofanto), the site of which is 9 miles west of Barletta. Here on August 2, r.C. 21fi, Hannibal, with 40.000 foot and 10.000 horse, inflicted a terrible defeat on a Roman army consisting of 80,000 foot and fiOOO horse, under the consuls Lucius .Kmilins Paulus and Gaius Terentius Varro, The Carthaginian, who was encamped on the left bank' of the Aufidus, led his army across the river, and oll'ered battle on ground unfavorable for the Romans, who de- clined to accept the challenge. The next day he followed the Romans back to the left bank, and the <ontest In^gan with the right Roman and the left Carthaginian wing resting on the river. Hannibal arrayed his forces in the form of a crescent, so that when the Romans repulsed the Iberians and Gauls and ])ressed forward in thick cohuun, the Lil)yans attacked them on both flanks. The Carthaginian cavalry soon over whelmed the Roman horse, and then fell up<u) the Roman foot from the rear. Varro, with seventy knights, escaped to Venusia, and a few thousand Romans assembled at Canusium frcmi the rout; but at least 10.000 were captured and an immense number killed, among them .Kmilius Paulus. Consult; Rcuscli. Dir Si-ltlacht bci Can- nee (Altkirch, 18SS) : Solbesky, Die Srhlacht bci CanncB (Weimar, ISSS) : ;iud Wilms, Die Hcltlacht hei Caniur (Ihtiuburg, 1893). CANNEBIERE, kii'ne-byar' (Fr., from Gk. Ki'ifvafiiq, kaiinabis, hemp), L.. The chief boule- vard of -Marseilles, so called because of a former rope-walk there. The ilarseillais are often called 'Children of the Cannebi&re.' CANNEL COAL (said to have turned in the drawliiiy pninuMciatiou of the miners from cantllc-rval, as it burns with a bright, candle- like flame), A dull, fine-grained variety of bi- tuminous coal, which has a conchoidal fracture. Dwiug to its very high percentage of volatile hydrocarbons, it is specially vaUi:ible for gas- making. It is considered by some to be derived from the accunuilation of aninuil as well as plant remains. In the United States, the Breck- enridge cannel coal of eastern Kentucky is the most noted occurrence, though it is also found in Ohio and Indiana. Some is also found in Scotland, and is there known as parrot coal. See Coal. CAN'NELTON. A city and the county-seat of Perry Cciunty, Tud., 1-10 miles south by west of Indianaiiolis, on the Ohio River and on the Southern R;iilroad (Map: Indiana, C .5). It has fine county buildings. The city is an important industrial centre, and has extensive cotton-mills, lumber and flour mills, foundries and machine- shops, and manufactures of chairs, hubs, sewer- pipe, pottery, bricks, etc. There are coal-mines and sandstiiue-ciuarries in the vicinity. Popula- tion, in 18'.10, 1991; in 1900, 2188, CANNES, kan. A seaport in the Department of .lpes-Mai ilimes, France, i)leasantly situated oil tile Jlediterranean, about 22 miles southwest of Nice (Map: France, X 8), The district in which it lies is exceedingly picturesque and very fertile. Oranges, lemons, olives, almonds, figs, peaches, and grapes are extensively cultivated. Placed on an elevation that slopes toward the sea, it is sheltered from the northern winds by a range of hills. It is famed for its salubrity, is a favorite winter residence, and one of tlie most fashionable resorts in France. Its arcliitcctural ffalures include the .bbey llonjtm, built about 1070 on the site of the Roman Cast rum Mar- lellinum, the town hall, library, and museum of antiquities (I87fi). There is considerable trade in fruit, olive-oil, soap, perfumery, and salt fish. Population, in 189C, 19,470,