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* BUSBECQ. 717 BUSCHING. Europe. Consult: Forster and Daniell, T^e ii/e and Letters of Ogier Ghiselin dc liimbecq (Lon- don, 1881), which contains his most important writings; also, De Thou, JJistoirc dc muii (chi/js (Paris, 1604): Saint-Genois, Les voyagcurs beiges (Brussels, 1847): Diipuis, "Etude sur I'ambassade d'Augier de Busbecques en Turquie," in ilfmoires de la Societi des Sciences de Lille. BUSBY, biiz'b! (probably from a proper name). The full dress or 'review' uniform head- gear of different branches of the British Army. In the Hussar Cavalry and Royal Horse Artillery the busby is of fur, with a cloth top, from which is suspended on the riglit side a cloth bag, known as the busby-bag, which is of the same color as the facings of the regiment, as is also the tuft or plume worn on the top front of the busby. The massive busby worn by the Foot Guards is made of expensive bearskin over a skeleton framework, and in the case of commissioned officers sur- mounted by a lofty white plume. The Highland regiments wear a busby after much the same pattern as the Foot Guards, but of somewhat smaller proportions and far less intrinsic value. The Ride Brigade wear a busby of modified shape, made of astrakhan with a small stiff plume in front. In the case of the Guards, High- landers, and Rifle Brigade, the busby is with- out bag or busby-cords. The busby, like the bril- liant uniform of which it forms a part, is worn only in times of peace. On active ser-iee it is superseded by the helmet and 'puggaree.' BUSBY, Ricn.En (1606-95). A noted Eng- lish schoolmaster. He was born in Lutton (or Sutton), Lincolnshire; was educated at West- minister School and at Oxford, and in 1638 received the provisional appointment of head- master of Westminster School, the duties of which office he continued to discharge until his death. As a pedagogue he was conspicuous alike for learning, assiduity, and the application of the birch. He was a most successful teacher, and at one time could point to no less than sixteen occu- pants of the bench of bishops who had been edu- cated in his school. Altogether, he has the repu- tation of having "bred up the greatest number of learned scholars that ever adorned any age or nation.' Drj'den, Locke, and Robert South were among his pupils. Dr. Busby published several works, but they were chiefly expurgated editions of the classics for school use. BUSCH, bush, Mobitz (1821-99). A Ger- man publicist. He was bom in Dresden, studied theology and philosophy in Leipzig, and began literary life as a translator of Dickens. Thack- eray, and other English authors. In 1851 he visited the United States, and on his return pub- lished ^Yanderungetl zic-ischen Hudson und Mis- sissippi (1853) And Die Mormonoi (1857). He then engaged in newspaper work, and attracted Bismarck's attention by his articles in the Grenzhoten. On April 1, 1870, he received an appointment in the (Jennan Foreign Office, but his real function was that of a reporter for the press to Prince Bismarck. From that time and for many years he was the inseparable com- panion and confidant of the Chancellor, taking daily notes of his sayings and doings, and earn- ing for himself the title of 'Bismarck's Boswell.' In 1878 he published a part of his diary, kept during the Franco-Prussian War, under the title of <!raf Bismarck und seine Leute ictihrend des Kriegs mit Frankreichj this was published also in English in 1879. In 1884 he published the life of his hero, which was soon issued in an Eng- lish translation under tlic title Our Chancellor. Two montlis afler tlic death of Bismarck Dr. Busch pul)lished a large work, which was imme- diately translated into English under the title liismnrck: Some Secret Pages of His Historu (1898). " BUSCH, WiLHELM (1826-81). A German surgeon, born in Marburg. He studied at the Lniversity of Berlin; was in 1855 appointed professor of surgery at Bonn, and afterwards acted as consulting surgeon-general in the army in 1866 and during the Franco-Prussian War. His published works include the following: Chi- rurgische Beohachtunyen, gesammelt in der Klinik zu Berlin (1854) ; Lehrbuch der Chirur- gie (2 vols., 1857-69). BUSCH, WiLiiELM (183-2—). A German humorous artist and rhymester, born at Wieden- sahl. Hanover. He began to draw for the Flie- yendc Blatter in 1859. His earlier manner dis- played satirical skill and much facility in char- acterization by slight outline strokes, but his later work lacks form and finish. He published a series of sketches, for which he himself com- posed suitable text, and which have become ex- ceedingly popular throughout Germany. This in- cludes Max und Moritz; Hans Huckcbein, der Vngliicksrahe: Der heilige Anfonius von Padua; Die fromme Helene; and Pater Filucius. BUSCHE, bu'shc. Herm. n von dem ( 1468- 1534). V (Jerman scholar, born at Sassenberg, in Westplialia. He studied at Heidelberg, at Tiibin- gen, and in Italy, where he became versed in Latin, and after his return to Germany traveled about from one university centre to another, lec- turing on the classic literature and antiquities. He is said to have written some of the Epistolw Ohscurorum Virorum. At all events, he joined the leaders of the Reformation., was a friend of llrich von Hutten, and in 1527 was appointed first professor of classical literature at the L'ni- versity of Marburg, founded in that year by Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous. He wrote three books of epigiams, a defense of humanistic studies entitled Vallum Huma7iitatis (1518), and other works. Consult Liessem, Hermann von dem Buschc, sein Lcben und seine Schriften (Co- logne, 1884-89), which contains a bibliography. BUSCHING, bu'shing, Antox FRtEORicH (1724-93). A German geograplier. He was born in Stadthagen. in Schaumburg-Lippe, and studied theology at Halle, where he enjoj-ed the friend- ship of Baumgarten. In 1754 he was appointed professor of philosophy in Giittingen, but in 1761 accepted an invitation to Saint Petersl)urg a3 I)reacher to a Protestant congregation there. In 1766 he was called to Berlin as superior consis- torial councilor and director of a gjTnnasium, and died there. Until the appearance of Biiscliing's S'eue t'rdhesclireibung (11 vols.. 1754-92) .neither (iermaiiy nor any other nation possessed a geo- graphical work which made any pretension to scientific treatment or completeness of execution. Political changes have deprived the work of its original value, but it has been corrected and edited by subsequent writers. Of his other nu- merous publications, the most important is the Mngazin fiir Hintoriographie und (leographie (25 vols., 1767-93).