Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 03.djvu/777

* BXJRKE. 693 BURLESQUE. Prior, Life (5th ed.. London, 1854) ; C'rolr, Mem- oir of the Political Life of Burke (Edinburgh, 1840) ; Maeknight, History of the Life and Time of Burke (3 vols., London, 1858) ; Morley, Burke, in the "Men of Letters Series'" (New York, 1879), and Hi.itorical Study (New York, 1867) ; and Hunt, in Dictionary of Xational Bi- ographii. VII. ( Xew York, 1891). BURKE, .loii.N (17S7-1S48). An Irish gene- alogist. He began literary work in London, but later made a study of genealogy-, and in 18-6 be- gan the publication of the Gcnealoijical and Her- aldic Dictionary of the I'rrrage and Biironetaye of the Vnited Kingdom (9th ed., 1847), the first compilation of the sort to include both baronets and peers in alphabetical order. Chief among his other publications are: A General and Her- aldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ire- land, and Scotland — Extinct, Dormant, and in Abeyance (1831; 3d ed.. 1S46) ; and A Genealogi- cal and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland (4 vols., 1833-38), later editions of which appeared under the title, A Dictionary of the Landed Gentry ( 1855-57). BURKE, Sir John Bekx.rd (1814-92). An Irish genealogist, son of the preceding. He was born in London, was educated at Caen College (Normandy), studied law at the Middle Temple, was admitted to the bar in 1839. and in 1853 became L'lster king-at-arms. In 1855 he was ap- pointed keeper of the State papers in Ireland. In this capacity, in 1866. he visited France for the purpose of studying the record system in use there. From 1847 until his death he edited the annual Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage of the Vnited King- dom. At various times he was also editor of other works of a similar character. Among his original publications are The Romance of the Aristocracy (1855) and The Book of Precedence (1881). BURKE, :MArRicE Fraxcis (1845 — ). An Ameriran prelate, bom in Ireland. He was edu- cated at Saint Mary's L'niversity, Chicago. III., and the American College, Rome. Italy, and was ordained priest of the Roman Catholic Church in 1875. Pastor of Saint Mary's Church, .Joliet, 111., from 1878 to 1887, he was in the latter year con- secrated Bishop of Cheyenne. Wyo. In 1893 he was transferred to the see of Saint -Joseph, Mo. He is an accomplished linguist. BURKE, Robert 0'H.ka (1820-61). An Irish e.xplorer, born at Saint C'leram (County Gahvay). He was educated in Belgium, and afterwards enlisted in the Austrian Army, in which he rose to be captain. In 1848 he became a member of the Irish constabulary. In 1853 he emigrated to Australia, where he was appointed inspector of police in Victoria. He received in 1860 the command of an expedition sent out to cross the continent from south to north. With W. J. Wills he reached the tidal waters of the Flinders River, l)eing thus one of the first white party to traverse .ustralia. On the return jour- ney both he and Wills died of starvation near Cooper's Creek. Their bodies, recovered in 18G2, received a public burial early in 1803 and me- morial statues were erected in ilelbourne. Con- sult Howitt, History of Discovery in Australia, Vol. II. (I-ondon, 1865). BURKE, Thomas :Iartin Alot.sius (1840 — ). A Roman Catholic prelate.' He was born in Ireland, .January 10, 1840; was educated at the College of Saint Michael. Toronto, and at Saint Charles College, Maryland: gi-aduated from Saint Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, was ordained to the Roman Catholic priesthood and assigned to duty at Albany, N. Y., 1864; became Vicar- General of the diocese in 1887: and was conse- crated the fourth Bishop of Albany in 1894. BURKE, TnoM.A.s Xicnor„s (1830-83). A Roman Catholic orator known as 'Father Tom.' He was born in Galway. Ireland: .studied theol- ogy in Rome and Perugia ; joined the Order of Saint Dominic, and after remaining five years in Italy was sent by liis superiors to England. He soon established a reputation as an orator: preached in Ireland. England, and Italy; and in 1872 visited tlie United States, where his course of lectures in answer to Froude gained much at- tention. His lectures were reprinted under the title of English Misrule in Ireland ( 1873). Con- sult: his Life by W. J. FitzPatrick (London, 1885) and The 'inner Life of Father Thomas Burke (London, 1894). BtJRKEL, bur'kcl, Heixrich (1802-69). A German painter, born at Pirmasens, Bavaria. He studied at the Munich Academy and in Italy, and painted chiefly genre pictures in a style which is truthful and sometimes himiorous. His pictures include "Scenes in an Inn;" "Fetes in the Alps;" and "Winter Scene in the Tyrol." BURK'ING. A colloquial term in England for murder committed for the purpose of selling the victim's body for dissection. It came into use after the conviction, for an atrocious crime of this character, of William Burke, executed in Edinburgh, January 28, 1829. BURKLEIN, boork'lin, FRrenRicH (1813-72). A German architect, born at Burk, in Franconia. He studied at the Munich Academy as a pupil of Gartner — whom he assisted in the consti-uction of the royal palace in Athens — and was active in the architectural development of Munich under King Maximilian II. He designed the ilaximil- ianstrasse and built the Maximilianeum. As Generalbaudirektor, hg had charge of many pub- lic works. His style combined the Renaissance and the Romanesque types. BURLEIGH, ber'ii. Lord. See Cecil, Wil- liam. BURLEIGH, Lord. A character in the parody on heroic tragedy which Sheridan intro- duces into The Criti-c. According to Mr. Puff, his creator, he can express volumes with liis nod alone. BURLESQUE. A dramatic or literary com- position tending to excite laughter by an exag- gerated travesty of some more serious work, or by a ludicrous contrast between the subject and the manner of treating it. A burlesque is distinct from a parody or satire, being of a broader, more pronounced type, and difi'crs from a farce in being even more extravagant in its construction. The burlesque in literature was first used as a distinct style by Berni, an Italian poet, who, early in the Fourteenth Century, published a vol- ume of Burlesque Rhymes. The success of this book Ijrought forth a host of imitators, among whom were Mauro and Caporali. and introduced the burlesque into France, where Sarrazin, and, later, Scarron. carried the new form to a high degree of excellence. L'EnMde travestie was the