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* BRINTON. 507 BRISBANE. was his Library of Aborigiiial American Litera- ture (8 vols., 1882-85), designed to "put within reach of scholars aiithentic materials for the study of the languages and culture of the native races of America." Just before his death he gave his entire library of books and manuscripts to the I'niversity of Pennsylvania. BRINTON, John Hill ( 1832—). An Ameri- can surgeon. He was born in Pluladelphia, and graduated at the University of Pennsylvania and the Jeft'erson Jledieal College. At the outbreak of the Civil War he volunteered his services, and remained in the army until 1865, attaining the position of brigade surgeon. He continued his practice in Philadelphia after the war. and has been at various times connected with the control of most of the prineiiial hospitals in that city. In 1882 he was appointed professor of the prac- tice of surgery and of clinical surgery in the Jefferson Medical College. BRINVILLIERS, braN've'ya', MmE JIade- LIXE ilABGUERiTE, Marquise de (c.1630-76). A French woman, notorious as a poisoner. She was bom about 1630, and married, in 1651, the JIarquis de Brinvilliers. Incensed at her scanda- lous life, her father caused her lover. Sainte- Croix, to be thrown into the Bastille. There Sainte-Croix learned of an Italian named Exili the art of compounding poisons, and when free imparted the secret to his mistress, Brinvilliers. Immediately the two began to exercise their skill for the purposes both of revenge and of obtaining means to carry on their amours. Brin- villiers poisoned her father, her two brothers, and her sister, and attempted to poison her hus- band. But Sainte-Croix. not over-anxious to suc- ceed to the latter's place, supplied him with antidotes. In 1672 Sainte-Croix died, poisoned by accident; his death led to an investigation that revealed the enormity of Brinvilliers's crimes. The Marquise fled, but was captured and executed, July, 1676. Brinvilliers seemed a woman of great piety, attended church regu- larly, and once, espousing the cause of a poor girl, poisoned a whole family. Her exposure soon led to the discovery of the famous poisoner La Voisin (q.v.), and the unearthing of other astonishing crimes that had been perpetrated in Paris. Consult Pirot, La Marquise de Brinvil- liers (Paris, 1883). See also C'h.mbre Abdente. BRINZ, brentz, Alots von (1820-87). A German jurist and legislator. He was born at Weiler, Bavaria, and studied philology and law in Munich and Berlin. He was professor of Ro- man law at the universities of Erlangen, Prague, Tiibingen, and Munich. In 1861 he was elected to the "Imperial Council of Austria and became one of the chief defenders of the German inter- ests in Bohemia. His principal work is the Lehrbuch der Pandektcn (2d ed.. 1873), and his other important contril)utions to the literature of jurisprudence are the following: Zum Hechte der Bonw Fidei Posscssio (1875) : Zur Contra- vindicatio (1877) ; Zum liegriff und Wcsen der rbmischcn Provinz (1885). BRION, bre'ON', FriederikeEli.sabetii (1752- 181:!). . German lady, born at Xiederriidern (Alsace), better known, from her place of resi- dence near Strassburg, as Friederi]<e von Sesen- heim, and a figure in a familiar episode of Goethe's Dichtung und Wahrheit. (See Goethe.) Coethe dedicated to her a number of his lyrics, Vol. hi.— 33. and she has been declared the original of Maria in (/67f ron Berlichingen, and of other heroines of Goethe's works. Consult the study by Diintzer (Stuttgart, 1803). BRION, Gustave (1824-77). A French painter, born in Rothau and known for his studies of Alsatian life and manners. Among his chief works are: "The Potato Harvest Dur- ing the Inundation," ''A Funeral in the Vosges," "A Marriage in Alsace," and "The Sixth Day of Creation." He also provided illustrations for Victor Hugo's Les Mis^rables and Xotre Dame de Paris (1864). BRION, bre-on', Luis ( 1782-1821 ) . A Colom- bian naval officer. He was born in Curacao, was educated in Holland, served in the Dutch Army, and studied navigation in the United States. He then established himself in business in Curagao and greatly increased the fortune he had in- herited. In 1811 he fitted out a ship at his own expense and defeated the Spanish on the island of Margarita. He also distinguished him- self in the conquest of Guiana and sat in the Congress of Angostura, which proclaimed the independence of Colombia. BRIOSCO, bre-osTiC, Andrea (1470-1532). An Italian sculptor and architect of the Renais- sance. He worked in Padua and Verona, de- signing the Church of Santa Giustina (Padua), the Delia Torre tombs in San Fermo at Verona, and a wonderful candelabrum for San Antonio, Padua. BRISAC, bre-sak', C'h.bles. The principal character in Fletcher and Massinger's comedy Tile Elder Brother. His father, disgusted at his sedentary habits, tries to secure to a younger son the inheritance of the family property and to marry that youthful fop to Angelica. The result of tlie latter attempt is to cause Charles to fall in love with Angelica himself. For her sake, he develops into a sturdy, chivalrous gen- tleman. His brother, Eustace, far from being injured by the change, also suffers a spiritual regeneration and gives up his foppishness. BRISBANE, briz'ban (named in honor of Sir Thomas Brisbane). A seaport, the capital of Queensland. Australia, about 500 miles north of Sydney, situated near the mouth of a river of its own name, which falls into Moreton Bay (Map: Queensland, H 9). Regular steam com- munication is kept up with European and Aus- tralian ports. Several railroads terminate here. Xorth and South Brisbane, two of its divisions, are connected by the Victoria iron bridge. 1080 feet in length. A prior bridge and nearly half of South Brisbane were destroyed by flood in 1893. Brisbane possesses some fine buildings, among the chief of which are the houses of the Legisla- ture, the post-olTice, and the viceregal lodge. Brisbane is the seat of a LTnited States consular agency, the see of. glican and Catholic bishop- rics, and has two catliedrals. numerous churches, banks and newspapers, four parks, a nmseum, a school of arts, and a university. It dates from a penal colony established in 1825 and abandoned in 1839. Its growth began in 1842 with the ad- vent of free settlers ; its incorporation as a city followed in 1859. Its waterworks are municipal property. Population, in 1901, 53,589. BRISBANE, Sir Thomas Makdougali, ( 1773- 1860). A British general and astronomer. He was born at Brisbane, the hereditary seat of his