Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 03.djvu/299

* BOMBAZINE. 263 BONA. BOMBAZINE, bfinibuzrii' or bom'- (Lat. bombyciiium, silk texture, from Gk. fibn^v^. horn- hyi, silkworm; throufih Fr. bomhasin). A elotli for dresses, in which the distinguishing characteristic is that the warp is silk and the lillinj; worsted. The cloth has thus a bare look. It is rather line and li<;ht in the make, and may be of any color. The fabric is now little used. It was extensively made, chiefly in Norwich, England, from about 1810. BOMBPROOF. A military structure capa- lilc of rcsif.iing artillery shot and shell, parlicu- laily that alighting overhead. In permanent fortifications and defenses they are either cut out of solid rock, as at Gibraltar, or constructed of massive masonry, as at JIalta, or at Helsing- lors, Finland, a position which is considered impregnable. Temporary bombproofs are con- structed out of timber and earth, or any other available and suitable material. Galleries are frequently run underground or in hillsides for the protection of the sick, women and chil- dren, and non-combatants generally. See BuxD- AGE and I'DItTIFKATION. BOMB-VESSEL. See Mortak-Vessel. BOMBYCID^, bom-bisl-de (Gk. ^b^M, Lat. boiiibijx, a silkworm). A family of Lepi- doptera with stout, hairy bodies, inchiding the silkworm moths and their allies. They have no frenulum, the first niaxilhp are vestigial, and the palpi of the second maxillse are greatly re- duced. "The feelers are bijjectinate in both sexes. The fore wings are usually pointed at the tip, and the lower radial nervures bend down- ward: the hind wings have two or three anal nervures. The caterpillars, with ten fore legs, are elongate, not hairy, but furnished with dorsal humps on some of the segments, often with a spine on the hindmost. The pupa is inclosed in a cocoon of fine silk."' (Carpenter.) The Bom- byeidic are fairly numerous in southeastern Asia, but less common elsewhere. Several North American fonns are known, such as the groat cecropia. polyphemus, and luna moths, and the smaller puss-moths, tussock-moths, and tent- cater])illars. These moths have long been noted for the strong attractive power which the virgin females exert on the males, drawing them from long distances, and sometimes in large numbers; collectors utilize this trait to capture specimens, by exposing the females in cages about which males will soon assen)ble. Consult: Packard, "ilonogiaph of the Bombycine Jloths of Amer- ica," Memoirs yational Academp of ticiences, Vll. (Washington, 1890) ; Beutenmiiller, ''De- scriptive Catalogue of the Bombycine Moths Within Fifty .Miles of New York City," liulle- tin Amerif.an Museum of Natural History, X. (New York, 1898) ; Neumoegen and Dyar, "Re- vision of the Bombyees of North America," JouriKil New Yoric J'Uitomological Society, 1893 and 1894. See JIOTHS; SiLKWOKSI, etc. BOMFIM, boN-feN', Josri Lucio Tbavassor Vai.uks, Count (1787-1802). A Portuguese .sol- dier, born at Peniche ( Estreniadura) . In 1828 he fought with the rank of colonel against Dom Miguel, and in 18H2. when Dom Pedro landed in Portugal, continued under him the struggle against the usurj^^r. He entered the Cabinet as Minister of War and Marine in 1841 ; in 1842 took the field against the Absolutists, who had set aside the Constitution of 1837, and in 1844 was compelled to surrender and made his escape to Spain. He was prominent in the insurrection of 1840. and having been routed at Torres- Vedr.as, was sentenced to banishment to Africa. He re- turned under the amnesty of 1847. BOMFORD, biim'ferd, George (1780-1848). An Aiiiirii:iii soldier, born in New Y'ork City. He graduated at West Point in 180.5, served as an engineer in the construction of fortifications until 1812, and. as an ordnance ollicer during the War of 1812, rendered valuable services to the Government. Among other things, he invented and introduced the bomb-cannon, called the 'Columbiad,' which was sujierseded by the Rod- jnan gun at the beginning of the Civil War. He became colonel in 1832, and was chief of ord- nance from 1832 until 1842, when he became inspector of arsenals, ordnance, arms, and muni- tions of war. BOM JARDIM, boN zhiir-deN' (Portug., 'Good Garden'). A city in the State of Ccarfi, Brazil, 20 miles south of Crato, in a rich and beautiful mountain valley (Map: Brazil, J 0). It is the centre of an extensive district, yielding manioc, sugar, etc. Population, 0000. BOMMELERWAARD, boni'mel-vilrt. An island of the Netherlands, Province of Gelder- land, formed by the Waal and Mouse. It is 16 miles in length", with a maxinuim breadth of six miles. The district is extremely fertile, and raises, besides other farm produce, considerable flax and hops. The town of Bommel is situ- ated on the island. Fort Saint Andries defends the island on the east, and Fort Loevestein ou the west. BO'NA (plur. of Lat. ionwn, something good, neut. of bonus, good). A general legal term denotins property of any kind, whether real or ])ersonal. In the Roman law it was ehietly ap- plied to real estate; in the later civil law it corresponds to the French term 'biens,' com- prising real as well as personal chattels ; but in the common law it is confined generally to movables. It is employed in phrases of varied significance used in the English law and, deriv- atively, though less commonly, in American legal phrascologv'; as, bona confiscata, goods confis- cated or forfeited to tlie Crown : 5oiio notabilia, property of sutTicient value to be noted in an account (formerly in England this was fixed at £5 or upwards, and in London at £10; but by the acts creating the courts of probate this distinction w-as abolished) ; bona paraphernalia, goods above dower; bona vacantia, unclaimed property, as wrecks, treasure trove, waifs, and estravs," which, contrarj- to the general rule, did not go to the finder, but vested in the Crown; bona irai-iata, property thrown aw;iy, as by a thief in flight, by common law going to the King; nulla bona, the" return of an execution without property found, or the plea of a garnishee with- out property belonging to or money due the debtor. BONA (Fi-. Bone, At. Beled-el-Areb). A forti- fied seaport town in the Department of Con- stantino, Algeria, situated on a bay of the Medi- terranean, in latitude 30° 54' N., longitude 7° 40' E. (Map: Africa, E 1). The town, divided into two parts. Upper and Lower Bona, is situ- ated in a beautiful district, at the foot of a hill near the embouchure of the Sebus. It has been