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BEVIS OF HAMPTON. King Edgar. Consult Kolbling, in Ellis's EarTy Enylish Metrical Romances (1885-94).

BEWICK, bulk, Thomas (1753-1828). An English engraver, the founder of modern wood- engraving. He was born at Cherryburn House, near Newcastle-on-Tyne, August 12, 1753. and was in 1767 apprenticed to Ralph Beilby at New- castle. The most important tasks were soon assigned to the talented lad. His first work of importance was a series of cuts for children's books, the best of which appeared in the 1775 edition of Gay's Fables. At the close of his ap- prenticeship in 1776, he went to London, but soon returned to Newcastle, where he formed a partnership with Beilby. His most important productions of the following years were another edition of Gay's Fables (1779) and Select Fables (1784). " In these works his designs were based on previous prints, upon which, however, he greatly improved. He obtained a fine oppor- tunity to follow his own designs in the General History of Quadrupeds (1790). At this time he also engraved what is regarded by many as his masterpiece, a large print entitled "The Chilling- ham Bull" (1789), His greatest work, however, is the History of British Birds (2 vols., 1797, 1804), in which he displays a close and admirable observation of nature, coupled vith intense humor and pathos. Excellent also are his cuts for the History of English Fishes, a work which he did not live to complete; they appeared in the eighth edition of British Birds' ( 1847 ) . A num- ber of works were executed by his pupils under his supervision, but the only one of importance was an edition of Æsop's Fables (1818), in which he was assisted by his son Roljert. His last work, entitled "Waiting for Death," represents on old worn-out horse, with great pathos and truth. He died November 8, 1828, at Newcastle. Bewick's important place in the history of art is due to the fact that he, more than any other man, was instrumental in the modern revival of wood- engraving, which had sunk into disuse. He was one of the first to cut into the end of the block instead of the side, as was the ancient practice, and, more important than this, he was the in- ventor of the white line, the essential feature of modern engraving, in which the design is cut into the block instead of being left standing (see WooD-ExGBAVixG ). Consult his own Memoir (London, 1846), and especially Thomson, Life and Works of Bewick (ib., 1882) ; Dobson, Be- wick and His Pupils (ib., 1884). The British JIuseum possesses an admirable collection of his prints, presented by his sister.

BEWLEY, bfi'll, AxTUONY (1804-60). An American clergyman and abolitionist. He wag born in Tennessee, began preaching in that State as a minister of the Methodist Church in 1829, and in 1843 entered the Missouri Conference. When the Church divided on the slavery- question, he adhered to neither side, but preached independ- ently and earned his living by manual labor. In 1848 the Church was organized in Missouri, and he came back to its service. In spite of the uni- versal persecution of 'abolition preachers,' he was throughout a vigorous assailant of slavery. In 1858 he was sent to Texas, but was soon driven out by threats of violence. In 1860. however, he returned to the work, saying to protesting friends: "Let them hang or burn me if they choose; a hundred will rise out of my ashes." 'ithin a few weeks he was again compelled lo leave Texas. After he had gone a reward of $1000 was offered for his apprehension, and he was kidnapped in Missouri, hurried back to Texas, and hanged at Fort Worth by an infuri- ated mob.

BEX (Lat. bis, twice, double -f- OF. ax, Lat. aqua, water; referring to the junction of the Rhone and Avancon). A picturesque village in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, situated on the Avangon, a tributary of the Rhone, about 26 miles southeast of Lausanne (Map: Switzer- land, B 2 ). It is remarkable for its extensive salt-mines, salt-works, and sulphur baths. These baths and the mild climate have given the town some vogue as a watering-place. Population, in 1900, 4600.

BEXAB, ilfex. Span, ba-ar', Castilian Span. ba-Har', San Antonio de. See San Antosio. BEX'HILL. A progressive town and seaside resort in Sussex, England, on the English Chan- nel, 5% miles west of Hastings (Map: England, G 6). It owns the electric lighting plant, and a cemetery, and maintains a kursaal, or amusement pavilion of the German type. Population, in 1891, 5200; in 1901, 12,200.

BET, ba, or BEG (Turk, beg, pronounced ba ). A title, rather vague in its import, com- monly given, in Turkey, to superior military officers, ship-captains, and distinguished foreign- ers. Jlore strictly, it applies to the governor of a small district, who bears a horse-tail as a sign of his rank. The governor of Tunis has this title. Beglerbeg, or Beylerbeg, 'lord of lords,' is the title given to the governor of a province, who bears three horse-tails as his badge of honor and has authority over several beys, agas, etc.

BEYEB, bi'er, Samuel Walker (1865 — ). An American geologist and mining engineer. He was born at Clearfield, Pa., and graduated at the Iowa State College in 1889. Afterwards he be- came a member of the Iowa Geological Survey, and in 1897 was sent as a delegate to the Interna- tional Geological Congress held at Saint Peters- burg. His publications include: The Sioux Quartzite and Certain Associated Rocks; Geol- ogy of Boone, Marshall, Story, and Hardin Coun- ties, Iowa.

BEYEBEN, bi'er-en, Abraham van. See Beijeeen, Abraham van.

BEYLE, bal, Marie Henbi. See Stendhal.

BEYLEBBEG SEBAI, ba'ler-beg' sJ-ri' (Turk, beylerbeg, prince of princes + sarai, At. seray, saraya. Hind, serai, Pers. serai', palace, court; see Bet), A magnificent summer palace in Constantinople, built by Abdul-Aziz on the Bosporus in 1865, It is a fine example of the Moorish style of architecture, the staircase and saloons being especially noteworthy.

BEYOND' THE GATES. A speculative romance by Elizabeth Stuart Phelps (Ward) (1883).

BEYBICH, bi'rlK, Heinrich Ebnst (1815-96). A German paleontologist and geologist, born in Berlin. He became professor of geology and paleontology at the university in that city, and was associate director of the Prussian Geological Survey. As part of his administrative