Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 02.djvu/825

BELLAIRE. W. Va., on the Baltimore and Oliio, the Clevehmd and Pittsburg Division of tlic Pcniisvlvania Company, the BcUaire, Zancsville and Cincin- nati, and the CleveUuid. Lorain and Wheeling railroads (Map: Ohio. J 5). Here the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad crosses the river on a fine iron bridge. The city has extensive manufac- tures of glass, steel, enamel, iron, agricultural machines, and nails. It is in a rich agricultural district, where coal, iron, clay, and limestone also are fouml in abundance. Population, in ISnO. 91)34; IMOO, W-2.

BELLAMIJ, bel'la-ml, Jakobus (1757-86). A JJutch poet. He was born at Flushing, and studied theology at Utrecht. He was a distin- guished poet, and tile revival of Netherlandic literature was due ])rol>ably to his influence and that of Van Alphen. His principal works include: (iezunfien mijner Jeiifjd (published under the pseudonym of Zelandus, 1782 ; 2d enlarged ed. under the name of Bellamy, 1700) ; FaderlaHdsche (lezangen (1785). His most cele- brated poem, "Roosje," appeared in the collec- tion entitled Proeven voor het versiund den siHdfik f-n het hurt (1784). A complete edition of his jioenis was published by Loosjes (1842).

BELLAMONT, bol'la-mont, or BELLOMONT,, Earl of (1636-1701). A colonial governor of New York, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire, from 1697 to 1701. He became a member of the English Parliament in 1688, and in the same year was prominent as a supporter of William, Prince of Orange, who in 1689 made him Earl of Bellamont and appointed him treasurer and receiver-general to Queen Mary. In 1695 he was appointed Governor of New York, and in 1697 received a commission as Governor of New York, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire, but did not arrive in America until the following year. He was expressly directed to suppress illegal trade and put an end to piracy, and in 1696, with King William's sanction, he organized a company which sent out Captain Kidd (q.v.) against the freebooters. By many, accordingly, Bellamont has been unjustly accused of having connived at Captain Kidd's own piracies, though it was he who finally arrested him and sent him to England for trial. Bellamont's rigid enforcement of the laws, his sympathy with the democratic as opposed to the aristocratic party, and his strict policy with regard to land grants, aroused much opposition among certain classes in New York, though he was very popular in Massachusetts and in New Hampshire. He has been spoken of as "the first actual friend of the people and sympathizer with honest democratic forms of government who administered the affairs of New York under the English Crown." Consult Frederic De Peyster, The Life and Administration of Richard, Earl of Bellamont (New York, 1869).

BEL'LAMY, Edward (1850-98). An Ameri- can journalist and author. He was born at Chicopee Falls, Mass., studied at Union College, and in Germany; in 1871 was admitted to the bar, and in the same year became a member of the staff of the New York Evening Post. Subse- quently he was a critic and editorial writer for the Springfield (Mass.) Union, and with others established at Springfield the Daily News. His best-known work is Looking Backward; or, 2000-

1887 (1888), which has had an extraordinary- sale. and has been translated into many languages. Although not written for such a purpose, the book was extensively received as a gospel of Socialism, and led to the organization of many Bellamy clubs, and of the Nationalist Party, in the promotion of which Bellamy himself was active as a writer and lecturer. Equality (1897), the sequel to Looking Backward, is an inferior volume on similar lines. Bellamy fur- ther published sociological essays, short stories, and some longer works of fiction, including Dr. Heidenhoff's Process (1879); Miss Ludington's Sister (1884); and The Duke of Stockbridge, the last appearing three year's after his death, which occurred on May 22, 1898, at Chicopee Falls. W. D. Howells has declared that in Bel- lamy America is "rich in a romantic imagination surpassed only by that of Hawthorne."

BELLAMY, George Anne (c. 1731-88). An English actress. She was born, by her own ac- count, at Fingal, Ireland. 'George Anne' was a name given by mistake for Georgiana. She was the illegitimate daughter of Lord Tyrawley, and was educated by him. Choosing, however, to live with her mother, she made the acquaintance of Mrs. Woffington and other actors, and was en- gaged at Covent Garden to play Monimia in The Orphan (November, 1744). Her success thereafter was rapid. Her Belvidera, in Venice Preserved, and her Desdemona were much ad- mired. She participated in the rivalry for popu- lar favor in Romeo and Juliet in 1750, playing with Garrick at Drury Lane, while Barry and Mrs. Cibber played at Covent Garden. She was thought the more charming of the Juliets. Mrs. Bellamy was extremely popular, and until she forfeited her character by her various liaisons, was received in the best society. She lost her beauty early, and her later life was unhappy, apparently through her own extravagance and reckless habits. Her last appearance was at Drury Lane May 24, 1785, in a benefit to herself, in which she was unable to act, but spoke a short address to the spectators. Consult: An Apology for the Life of George Anne Bellamy, late of Covent Garden Theatre, Written by Herself, 6 vols. (London, 1785); Matthews and Hutton, Actors and Actresses of Great Britain and the United, States (New York, 1886); and Gait, Lives of the Players (London, 1831).

BELLAMY, (1719-90). An American theologian, born at New Cheshire, Conn. He graduated at Yale in 1735, was licensed to preach in 1737, and in 1740 became pastor of the Congregational Church of Bethlehem, Conn. He was prominent as an itinerant preacher during the 'great awakening' of 1740-44. Subsequently he established in his parish a noted theological school, in which were trained many distinguished New England divines. As a pulpit orator he was by some esteemed the equal of Whitefield. As a writer he greatly assisted by his scholarship and logic in laying the foundations of what became known as the New England theology. His system of divinity was much like that of his friend and associate. Dr. Jonathan Edwards. He received the degree of doctor of divinity from the University of Aberdeen. His publications include True Religion Delineated (1750); The Nature and Glory of the Gospel (1762); and The Law Our Schoolmaster (1762).