Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 02.djvu/605

BARNARD COLLEGE. connection between Columbia and Barnard was formally fixed as follows: The President of the University to be ex officio President of Barnard and a trustee of Barnard; the internal adminis- tration of Barnard to be conducted by its Dean, who is entitled also to a vote in the University Council: Barnard to retain its separate corporate existence and Board of Trustees, to provide for its own financial support, and to maintain com- plete separate undergraduate instruction; all Barnard degrees to be granted by, and in the name of, Columbia; the University Library to be free to Barnard students, and a number of post- graduate courses in Columbia to be open to Barnard graduates.

Although as originally organized Barnard had no further financial resources than the promise of a number of persons to pay a small sum annually for four years, it has been able, through subsequent subscriptions, to meet all the expenses of a rapidly growing college. In 1889 there were 30 students; in the academic year 1891-92 there were 62, and in 1901-02 there were 431, representing an increase during the decade of over 700 per cent. The buildings include Milbank Hall, the gift of Mrs. A. A. Anderson; Fiske Hall, given by Mrs. Josiah M. Fiske, and Brinkerhoff Hall, built mainly by the gifts of Mrs. Van Wyck Brinkerhoff. In March, 1902, the endowment of the college was increased by $500,000, $250,000 being given by Mr. John D. Rockefeller and $250,000 being obtained through numerous other gifts. The present endowment of the college is $750,000, the value of the buildings and grounds is estimated at $700,000, while the total value of the property under the control of the college is $1,500,000. Gross income, $100,000. Miss Laura Drake Gill, A.M., was made dean in 1901.

BARNAR'DO, (1845—). An English philanthropist, born in Ireland. While engaged in the study of medicine at London Hospital in 1866, he became interested in the condition of destitute children, and established a place of refuge for them in Commercial Road. Since then nearly 100 of these homes and many mission branches have been opened in various parts of England. Canada, and the Island of Jersey. In the 'Village Home' at Ilford. Essex, 52 cottages have been erected. These cottages are under the supervision of 'mothers,' and girls are reared here as if they were in their own homes. There is also an emigration agency, which provides for the transportation of young people to Canada, where they are furnished with employment. In this way thousands of orphan waifs have been rescued and instructed in useful occupations. Nearly half of these young people have emigrated to Canada and the colonies. Among the publications of Barnardo are the following: Something Attempted, Something Done; and The Rescue of the Waif.

BAR'NARD'S INN. An inn of Chancery, in London, dating back to 1451. It was destroyed in the last decade of the Nineteenth Century to make room for modern buildings.

BARNA'TO, (1852-97). An English speculator, the so-called 'King of the Kaffirs,' commonly known as Barney Barnato. He was horn in London, of Hebrew parentage. Early in his career he was connected with a circus and with traveling theatrical companies. In 1873 he went to Kimberley, South Africa, and in 1895 organized a remarkable 'boom' in Kaffir mining stock. He was credited with being one of the richest men in the world, and the most successful promoter of financial schemes. He committed suicide in 1897 by jumping from a vessel at sea. Consult Isaacs, Life of Barnett Barnato (London, 1897).

BARNAUL, biir'n.H-OOl'. The capital of a district in the Government of Tomsk, Siberia, on the left bank of the river Ob, 238 miles south- west of Tomsk, and 2046 miles east-southeast of Moscow (Map: Asia, H 3). It is the admin- istrative seat of the personal domains of the Czar in the Altai, and contains the Imperial Smelting-Works. The annual output of the works exceeds 13,000 pounds of gold, and 5000 pounds of silver (troy). Barnaul's notable institutions are a meteorological station, founded in 1838, a well-equipped mining-school and library, and a public museum, with fine zoölogical and botan- ical collections. Population, in 1897, 29,408.

BARNAVE, biir'nav', (1761-93). A champion and victim of the French Revolution. He was born at Grenoble, the son of an advocate. He adopted his father's profession, and early attracted attention in the Parlement of Grenoble by the talents which he displayed. A pamphlet which he pub- lished against the feudal system led to his being returned as deputy from his province to the States-General in 1789. He zealously advocated the proclamation of the Rights of Man, was vehement in opposition to the absolute veto, carried through the confiscation of Church prop- erty to the use of the nation, the emancipation of the Jews, and the abolition of the religious orders, and was mainly instrumental in the lib- eration of the slaves and reorganization of the colonies. He was the leading member of the Jacobin Club for the first two years of its ex- istence. As a leader of the extreme party in the earlier stages of the Revolution, he became the idol of the people, particularly after his victory over Mirabeau in the question of the power of peace and war, which Mirabeau wished to leave with the King, and Barnave successfully claimed for the National Assembly. With Pétion and Batour-Maubourg he was sent to bring the royal family back from Varennes, where they had been intercepted on their flight to the border. It may be that personal contact with royalty softened his prejudices; but certainly it is true that he subsequently became inclined to a more moderate course, defended the inviolability of the King's person, and resisted the assertion by the Na- tional Assembly of power to remove" ministers. This conduct led to his being regarded as a renegade from the National party. He retired to his native place on the dissolution of the Na- tional Assembly, but after the 10th of August, 1792, he was impeached, with Lameth and Du- port-Dutertre, on account of correspondence with the Court: was brought to Paris, tried before the Revolutionary tribunal, condemned, and guil- lotined on the 29th of November, 1793. Consult Janin, Barnave (Paris, 1860).

BARNAY, bilr'ni, (1842—). A German actor, born at Pesth. He made his début in 1860 at Trautenau, and appeared in his native city the following year, after which he had engagements of varying length in Gratz, Mainz,