Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 01.djvu/717

ANTI-FEDERALISTS. soon received the name Republican party, then Democratic-Republican Party, and finally Democratic party. See ; ; ; ;.

AN'TIGO. A city and county seat of Langlade Co., Wis., 207 miles northwest of Milwaukee; on the Spring Brook River, and on the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad (Map: Wisconsin, D 3). It is in a productive agricultural and timber region, of which it is the commercial centre, and has extensive manufactures of various kinds of woodenware, besides flour mills, breweries, foundries, and railroad shops. Settled about 1878, Antigo was incorporated in 1884. The government is administered under a general State law, which provides for a mayor, biennially elected, and a municipal council. Pop., 1890, 4424; 1900, 5145.

ANTIG'ONE (Gk. Ἀντιγόνη). (1) In the Theban legend, daughter of Œdipus by his mother, Jocasta, and sister of Eteocles, Polynices. and Ismene. Her story existed in various forms. The Athenian dramatists represented her as accompanying her blind father. Œdipus (q.v.), in his exile, until his mysterious death at Colonus in Attica, When her brother Polyniees led the Seven against Thebes, she was in the city, and after the mortal duel between Eteocles (q.v.) and Polynices, she disregarded the decree of Creon, that the latter should be left unburied. Caught in the act of burying her brother, she was condemned to be immured in a tomb, where she hanged herself. Thereupon her betrothed, Hæmon, son of Creon, committed suicide. Antigone's filial and sisterly devotion are depicted by Sophocles in the Œdipus at Colonus, and Antigone. She appears in Æschylus's Seven Against Thebes and Euripides's Phœnissæ. She was also the subject of a lost play of Euripides, seemingly ending with her marriage to Hæmon. (2) daughter of Eurytius, and wife of Peleus, who hanged herself upon hearing a false report of her husband's marriage to Sterope, daughter of Acastus. (3) daughter of Laomedon, and sister of Priam, who offended Hera by comparing her own beauty to that of the goddess, Hera turned her hair into snakes, which so tormented her that the gods, in compassion, changed her into a stork.

ANTIG'ONUS (Gk. Ἀντίγονος, Antigonos), called the "One-Eyed" (c. 380-301, or 300 B.C.). One of Alexander the Great's generals, and a mem- ber of a distinguished Macedonian family. His father's name was Philip, though whether this was Philip of Elymiotis, is uncertain. When Alexander died and his Empire was divided, Antigonus received the provinces of Greater Phrygia, Lycia, and Pamphylia. Being accused of disobedience by Perdiccas, who was aim- ing at sole control of the lands left by Alexander, he entered into an alliance with Craterus, Antipater, and Ptolemy, and made war on Perdiccas. Perdiccas soon died, but the war was prosecuted against Eumenes and the party of Perdiccas. After the death of Antipater, in 319 B.C., Antigonus began to carry out his plans for obtaining sole sovereignty of Asia. The war was continued with varying success, and many alliances were made and broken. At one time during the long struggle, Antigonus was supreme in Asia and assumed the name of king. He himself invaded Egypt, and his son Demetrius Poliorcetes carried the war into Greece, but both

were compelled to withdraw again to Asia. In 301 or 300 B.C. the army of Antigoiuis and Demetrius Poliorcetes was overwliehned by Lysimachus and Seleucus at Ipsus, in Phrygia. Antigonus himself fell in the battle, at the age of about eighty-two.

ANTIGONUS (Gk. Ἀντίγονος, Antigonos). A king of the Jews, the last of the Hasmonean dynasty, which came to an end in 40 B.C. The deposed Herod fled to Rome, whence, with the aid of Octavius and Antony, he returned to capture Jerusalem and regain the throne. At the request of Herod, Antigonus was put to death at Antioch in B.C. 37.

ANTIGONUS DO'SON (?-220 B.C.). A king of Macedonia, from 229 to 220 B.C., called Doson (Gk. Δώσων, about to give), it is said, because he was "always about to give, and never did." He was the grandson of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and on the death of Demetrius II. of Macedonia became guardian of the latter's son Philip. He himself, however, married the widow of Demetrius and became king. He sided with the Achæan League against the Spartans, whom, under King Cleomenes, he defeated at Sellasia in 221.

ANTIGONUS GONA'TAS (319-239 B.C.). A son of King Demetrius Poliorcetes of Macedonia, and grandson of the great Antigonus. On his father's death, B.C. 283, he took the title of king, but did not secure the full power until 276 B.C. There were various claimants to the throne, and he was twice expelled from his dominions by a hostile force from Epirus. He died in 239 B.C.

ANTIGONUS OF CARYS'TOS. A Greek author. He lived at Athens and Pergamum about the middle of the third century B.C. Besides several biographies of celebrated contemporary philosophers, he wrote a number of stories. See Westermann's Scriptores Rerum Mirabilium Græci (Brunswick, 1839), and the first volume of Keller's Rerum Naturalium Scriptores Græci Minores (Leipzig, 1877).

ANTIGONUS OF SO'KO. According to the Mishna, a scholar and the disciple of Simon the Just. As it is probable that the latter is the second high-priest of the name and lived in the first part of the second century B.C., the approximate date of Antigonus is probably 180 B.C. The following sentiment of his has been preserved: "Be not like slaves who serve their master for their daily food; be like those who serve their master without considering the reward, and let the fear of God be with you." Pirqe Aboth i. 3. It is not impossible that Antigonus was influenced by Greek thought. But the noble motto represents a legitimate development of prophetic teaching not infrequently met with in later Jewish thought.

ANTIGUA, ;in-te'gwa. One of the British West Indian Islands, the most important of the Leeward group, situated in lat. 17° 6' N. and long. 61° 45' W. (Map: West Indies. R 6). It covers an area of 108 square miles and has a population of (1901) 34,971, chiefly negroes, with only 5000 whites. The surface is rugged, and the coasts are highly indented and surrounded with rocks and shoals. The soil is very fertile, especially in the interior; but there is a scarcity of water on the island, which necessitates the construction of reservoirs and irrigation works. The chief products of the island are