Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 01.djvu/273

AGRICULTURE. crop of 753.3 million pounds of cotton. Russia leads the world in the piodnotion of rye, oats, and barley, and in the yield of potatoes it is surpassed by Germany only. Australia, the Argentine Republic, Russia, and the United States are the chief wool growing countries. Outside of the United States most of the cotton is grown in India, China, and Egypt. Tobacco is an important crop in Austria-Hungary, Mexico, Japan, Germany, and France.

. Only a few works on agriculture have come down to us from ancient literature. Among these the most important are: Hesiod, Works and Days; Cato, De Re Rustica; Varro, Rerum Rusticarum, Libri III.: Vergil, Georgics; Pliny, Natural History; Palladius, De Re Rustica. The modern literature begins with P. Crescenzi, a Bolognese, who at the beginning

of the fourteenth century wrote his Ruralium Commodorum, Libri XII. The first English book on agriculture is Sir Anthony Fitzherbert's The Boke of Husbandrie (London, 1523). Between that time and the year 1800 some 200 British authors wrote on agricultural topics. Among their works are Tusser, Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry, etc. (1573); J. Mortimer, The Whole Art of Husbandry (London, 1807); J. Tull, Horse-hoeing Husbandry (London, 1829); A. Young, Annals of Agriculture (London, 1813). In the United States few books on agriculture were published prior to 1800. Among these may be mentioned J. Eliot, Agricultural Essays, (Boston, 1760); S. Deane, New England Farmer, or Georgical Dictionary (Portland, 1797); B. Vaughan, Rural Socrates (Hallowell, 1800). During the nineteenth century the number of English and American works on agriculture greatly increased, and not only did the general treatises become more thorough and scientific, but also a large amount of valuable literature on special subjects was published. Only a few books of more seneral importance will be mentioned here: J. C. Loudon, Eneyclopædia of Agriculture (London, 1825); J. C. Morton, A Cyclopædia of Agriculture (London, 1850-52); Handbook of the Farm (London, 1868); J. Periam, The American Encyclopædia of Agriculture (Chicago, 1881); L. H. Bailey, Rural Science Series (New York, 1895-1901); Bailey and Miller, Encyclopædia of American Horticulture, 4 volumes (New York, 1900-02); J. E. T. Rogers, History of Agriculture and Prices in England (Oxford, 1882); R. E. Prothero, The Pioneers and Progress of English Farming (London, 1880); H. Stephens, Book of the Farm (London, 1855); R. Wallace, Farm Live Stock of Great Britain (Edinburgh, 1885); India in 1887 (London, 1888); Farming Industries of Cape Colony (London, 1890); The Rural Economy and Agriculture of Australia and West Zealand (London, 1891); E. B. Voorhees, First Principles of Aqriculture (Boston, 1896); Fertilizers (New York, 1898); L. H. Bailey, The Principles of Agriculture (New York, 1898); W. P. Brooks, Agriculture (Springfield, Mass., 1901). J. Harris, Talks on Manures (New York, 1878); C. M. Aikman, Manures and the Principles of Manuring (London, 1899); F. W. Sempers, Manures: How to Make and How to Use Them (Philadelphia, 1893). F. H. Storer, Agriculture in Some of its Relations to Chemistry (New York, 1897). F. H. King, The Soil, Rural Science Series (New York, 1895); W. Fream, Rothamsted Experiments in Wheat, Barley, and Grass Lands (London, 1888); J. P. Roberts, On the Fertility of the Land, Rural Science Series (New York, 1897); S. W. Johnson, How Crops Grow (New York, 1868; London, 1869); How Crops Feed (New York, 1870). M. Miles, Stock Breeding (New York, 1878). H. Stewart, Shepherd's Manual (New York, 1878); H. P. Armsby, Manual of Cattle Feeding (New York, 1890); W. A. Henry, Feeds and Feeding (Madison, Wis., 1898); J. H. Jordon, The Feeding of Animals (New York and London, 1901). H. Wing, Milk and Its Products, Rural Science Series (New York, 1895): J. W. Decker, Cheese Making (Columbus, Ohio, 1900). F. H. King, Irrigation and Drainage, Rural Science Series (New York, 1899); Physics