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ADRAMMELECH. sacrifices, also points to Syria ratlier than to Babylonia, wiiere tiiere is no evidence that such sacrifices were offered.

2. A son of Sennacherib who, together with his brother Shar-ezer, killed his father while he was worshipping in the temple of Nisroch, his god, and then lied to Ararat (II. Kings xix: 37). The Babylonian chronicle (Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek. II., 281) mentions only one son. It is possible that a letter to "Shar-itir-Ashur, king of the world," gives us the throne name of this son, abbreviated in the Hebrew as Shar- ezer. who held the throne from the 20th Tebet to the 2d Adar, 681, and that Adad-malik, cor- rupted Adar-malik, was his private name. The murder undoubtedly took place in Babylon, according to a statement of Ashur-banipal, and the temple was then the Id-zagila of Morduk, the name of this god having been intentionally distorted, as in the case of Abd-nego for Abd-nebo. Consult Winckler, in Schrader's Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament (Leipzig, 1902).

ADRAR, a-drar'. A region in the western part of Sahara, east of the Spanish possession of Rio de Oro, of which it formerly constituted a part (Map: Africa, C 2). Its area is estimated at about 30,000 square miles, and it contains a considerable portion of fertile land on which grain and dates are raised. Its position on the caravan route of Morocco gives it considerable commercial importance. The inhabitants are mostly Berbers. In accordance with the agreement of 1892 it forms at present a part of French Sahara. The chief town is Wadan, with a population of about 4000.

ADRASTE, a'drast'. The hero of Molière's comedy Le Sicilien, ou l'amour peintre (q.v.), from whose disguise as an artist comes the subtitle of the piece.

AD'RASTEI'A (Gk. ). In Grecian mythology, the Cretan nymph by whom the infant Zeus was cared for in the cave on Mount Dicte, at his mother's request. The name is also applied to Rhea herself and to Nemesis.

ADRAS'TUS (Gk., Adrastos). King of Argos, who gave his daughter in marriage to Polyniees, son of Œdipus (q.v.), and led the expedition of the "Seven against Thebes" to restore Polyniees to the throne. As was predict- ed by Amphiaraüs (q.v.), Adrastus alone escaped alive. A later story makes him die of grief at the death of his son in the successful war of the Epigoni against Thebes. Adrastus was worshiped at Sieyon, Megara, Athens, and probably Argos and in the Troad. See ;.

ADRETS, a'dra', Fraxcois de Beaimont, Baron des (1513-87). A French Protestant sol- dier, from 1562 prominent for persecuting the Catholics of Dauphiné and Provence. He was born at the Château de la Frette, Dauphiné, early entered the army, and during the wars of the League achieved a reputation for cruelty on the Huguenot side corresponding to that of the Duke of Guise or the notorious Monthic among the Catholics. His acts, however, appear to have been dictated less by religious fanaticism than by predilection for the career of brigand and bravo. Having assumed the style of lieutenant-general of the King, he organized pillage and murder on a large scale, and, as Martin (Histoire de France) testifies, he left among the simple peasantry a name repeated for centuries as synonymous with destruction. Many interesting tales regarding him are still preserved. Ultimately he accepted the Roman faith. For a detailed account of his doings, consult Beza, Histoire ecclésiastique des Églises Réformées (edited by Baum, Cunitz and R. Reuss, Paris, 1883-89, 3 volumes).

ADRIA, a'dre-a (ancient Adria, Atria, Hadria, or Hatria). An episcopal city of Italy, province of Rovigo, 16 miles southwest of Venice (Map: Italy, G 2), It was originally an island, and in the time of the Romans was a station for the fleet and a flourishing port. After the fall of the empire frequent inundations of the Po and the Adige, caused by the bad state of the dikes, brought down alluvial soil and gradually extended the land until Adria attached itself to the continent. It is now 14 miles from the Adriatic. The ruins of the ancient city that was sacked and burned by the Venetians in the fifteenth century are south of the present city and several meters below the surface. The chief trade is in wine, cattle, grain, silk, linen, leather, and pottery. Pop., 1900, 15,649.

A'DRIAN. Roman emperor. See.

A'DRIAN. The county seat of Lenawee Co., Mich., on the Raisin River, at the intersection of the Wabash, Lake Shore, Detroit and Detroit Southern railroads, 33 miles from Toledo and 60 miles from Detroit. It was settled in 1825, incorporated as a village 1828, and as a city 1853. The city has good public schools and is the seat of Adrian College, a Methodist Protestant institution, and of the State Industrial Home for Girls, Adrian has important industrial interests, including extensive wire fence works, electrical works, steel post works, piano and organ works, manufactures government mail boxes and mail-box posts, etc. It is governed by a charter adopted in 1861 and revised in 1897, which provides for a mayor, elected annually, and a city council of ten members. Adrian carries on its public works by city labor under city supervision. Pop., 1890, 8756; 1900, 9654.

ADRIAN. The name of six popes, two of them of considerable interest. Adrian L, Pope M 772-795, invited Charlemagne to enter Italy. His letters are in Migne, ''Pat. Lat.,'' xcviii. — Adrian II., Pope 867-872. His letters are in Migne, ''Pat. Lat.,'' cxxii. and cxxix. — Adrian III. (Agapetus), Pope 884-885. He was the first occupant of the papal chair to change his name on election. — Adrian IV. (Nicholas Brakspere), Pope 1154-59. He was by birth an Englishman, the only one of that nation who ever sat in the papal chair. His father became a monk in the Benedictine monastery of St. Albans, and so Adrian was in early life thrown on the world. He became first a lay brother or servant in the monastery of St. Rufus, about 50 miles south of Lyons, France, then successively regular monk, prior, and in 1137 was elected abbot. His zeal for strict discipline raised a combination to defame his character, and he had to appear before Eugenius III. at Rome. Here he not only cleared himself of all charges, but gained the esteem of the Pope, who appointed him Cardinal-bishop of Albano in 1146. and, later, delegate to Scandinavia. On the death of Anastasius IV. in 1154. he was raised to the papal see. Adrian had great trouble with the Romans, who disliked