Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/917

Rh YORK WEST. 905 YSCIR-VAWR. England ; while the archdeaconries of Craven and Rich- mond belong to the diocese of Ripon. Besides the cathedral at York, Yorkshire contains numerous remains of abbeys and other monastic edifices, as Kirkstall, Selby, Roche, Fountains, Byland, Rievaulx, and Whitby abbeys, Bolton and Knaresborough priories, also the ancient castles of Conisbrongh, Cawood, Harewood, Knaresborough, Pontefract, Skipton, Richmond, Skel- ton, and Clifford's Tower, at York. YORK WEST, a hmlt. in the par. of Ash, co. Kent, 8 miles N.E. of Sevenoaks. YORTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Broughton, co. Salop, 7 miles N. of Shrewsbury. It is a station on the Crewe, Whitchurch, and Shrewsbury branch of the London and North- Western railway. YOTJGHAL, a parliamentary borough, seaport, and market town in the barony of Imokilly, co. Cork, and pro- vince of Munster, Ireland, 46 miles S.W. from Waterford, and 36 E. from Cork, -with which latter it is connected by the Cork and Yonghal direct railway. It is situated at the mouth of the river Blackwater. The harbour is safe, and the quays are accessible to vessels of 500 tons. On the 8. side of the town is a lighthouse, and it is intended to build a fort to command the harbour. The town was early a place of importance, and received its charter of incorpo- ration from King John in 1209. It was strongly forti- fied, and sustained many sieges. .The inhabitants wero loyal to England, and in 1579 defended the town against the Earl of Desmond, who was proclaimed a traitor. Cromwell made it his headquarters in 1649, but on the Restoration it at once proclaimed Charles II. Sir Walter Raleigh was elected mayor of this town in 1588 on his return from America, and hero first introduced potatoes into Ireland. The town consists of one central thorough- fare about a mile in length divided into two parts by a building called the clock-gate, containing the town clock and bell, surmounted by a cupola. The houses occupy the acclivity of a hill on the W. side of the estuary of the Blackwater. The town contained in 1851 7,410, and in 1861 6,514 inhabitants. *0f the population in 1861, 739 were members of the Established Church, 5,648 were Roman Catholic, 32 Presbyterians, and 62 Me- thodists. The parish church of St. Mary formerly belonged to a college founded by one of the Earls of Desmond in 1464. There is also a chapel-of-easo at the S. end of the town. There is a Roman Catholic chapel, a convent of nuns of the Presentation order, also chapels for Independents, Methodists, and Friends. There are National, parochial, endowed, and conventual schools, and almshouses, an infirmary, fever hospital, dispensary, barracks, and prison. The care of the town is vested in 21 commissioners. The streets are paved, and lighted with gas. The borough returns one member to parlia- ment. Market days are Wednesday and Saturday. Fairs are held on 5th May, 18th October, and the first Monday in each month. YOUGHALARRA, a par. in the bar. of Owney and Arra, co. Tipperary, Ireland, 6 miles N.W. of Nenagh. The par. is situated on a bay of the same name in Lough Derg, where the rivers Youghalarra and Newtown unite their streams. Near the village are the remains of Monroe Tower. The principal residence is Yough- 1 :t House, the seat of the Smithwick family. There are slate and stone quarries. The living is a roct.* in the dioc. of Killaloe, Kilfenora, Clonfert, and Kilmac- duagh, val. 330, in the patron, of the bishop. There wo churches of the Establishment within the parish, More ancient situated near a holy well, known as mlan's. There are several Roman Catholic chapels schools. Fairs are held on the 6th March, 27th June, 30th September, and 13th December. YOULGRAVE, a par. partly in the hund. of Wirks- h, and partly in that of High Peak, co. Derby, 3J miles S.W. of Bakewell, and 3 from Rowsley railway station. Tho par., which comprises above 12,000 acres, tored by a branch of the river Wye, and includes < hplries. of Stanton, Elton, and Winster, the last also a market town, with the tnshps. of Birchover, Grat- ton, and Middleton, and the Emits, of Smerril, Conks- bury, Hartlemoor, Alport, and Greenfield. Some of the inhabitants are employed in the cotton mills, and others in the stone quarries and lead mines, which latter, though formerly more productive than at present, are still in active operation. The population in 1861 was 3,738. In the township of Middleton is a Druidical circle, known as Arborlowes Ring, surrounded by numerous barrows. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Lichfield, val. 200. The parish church, dedicated to All Saints, contains a font supposed to be of the llth century, and several old monuments. There are chapels-of-ease at Elton, Stan- ton, and Winster, and chapels for Wesleyans and other Protestant Dissenters in various parts of the parish. There is a free school endowed with 25 per annum, and National and denominational schools. The Duke of Rutland is lord of the manor of Youlgrave, and W. Pole Thornhill, Esq., of that of Elton. YOULTHORPE, a tnshp. in the par. of Bishop- Wil- ton, East Riding co. York, 5 miles N.W. of Pocklington. It includes the hmlt. of Gowthorpe. YOULTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Alne, Norti Riding co. York, 6 miles S.W. of Easingwold, on the Ouseburn, a branch of the river Ouse. YOUNSMERE, a hund. in the rape of Lewes, co. Sussex, containing the pars, of Falmer, Ovingdean, and Rottingdean, comprising 8,010 acres. YOXALL, a par. in the N. div. of Offlow hund., co. Stafford, 7 miles N.E. of Lichfield, and 5 N.E. of the Armitage railway station. The village is situated on the road from Buxton to Bath, and is watered by the Swerborn brook, falling into the Trent about a mile eastward. The par., part of which has been enclosed from Needwood Forest, contains the hmlts. of Hadley End, Hoarcross, Longcroft, Morrey, Olive Green, Wood- mill, Wood Lane, and Woodhouses. The principal seats in the neighbourhood are Hoarcross Hall, Yoxall Lodge in the vale of Linbrook, and Longcroft Hall. There is a savings-bank in the village, and the manu- factures of tape and nails are carried on. Tho living is a rect.* in the dion. of Lichfield, val. 508, in the patron, of the lord chancellor. The church is dedicated to St. Peter. The Roman Catholics have a chapel at Wood Lane, with school attached. There are also free and National schools. The charities produce about 180 per annum, including the school endowment and a bequest of 50 for six clergymen's widows. Lord Leigh is lord of the manor. YOXFORD, a par. in the hund. of Blything, co. Suffolk, 6 miles S. of Halesworth, 3 N.E. of Saxmund- ham, and 1 mile from tho Yoxford railway station on the East Suffolk section of the Great Eastern line. The village is situated in a spot frequently called the garden of Suffolk, watered by the Badingham and Yox streams, and traversed by the old road from Ipswich to Lowes- toft and Yarmouth. In the immediate vicinity are Cockfield Hall, the mansion of Sir John Blois, Bart. ; Grove House, of Lord Manners ; the Rookery, &c. The East Suffolk constabulary have their head-quarters here, and petty sessions are held fortnightly on Wed- nesday. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 230. The church, dedicated to St. Peter, was enlarged in 1837, and contains five brasses, one of J. Norwich, in armour, bearing date 1400, another of J. Tendryng and children in shrouds dated 1485, and many monuments. The Wesleyans and Primitive Me- thodists have chapels. There are National schools and a mechanics' institute. The charities produce about 10 per annum. YSCEIFIOG, a par. in tho hund. of Rhuddlan, co. Flint, 3 miles S.W. of Holywell, comprising the tnshps. and hmlts. of Bodingen, Garneddwen, Gellilovedy, Pryse, Trefraeth, and Tre-Llan. The surface is partly moorland and sheep-walks. Lead is found. In 1816 a gold torque was found here, which is now preserved at Eaton Hall. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of St. Asaph, val. 900, in the patron, of the bishop. The church is dedicated to St Mary the Virgin. Tho charities produce about 10 per annum. YSCIR-VAWR and YSCIR-VECHAN, hmlta. in