Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/874

Rh AVOODSIDE. 862 WOODSTOCK. Dorset, 5 miles E. of Dorchester, and 1 mile from More- ton railway station. The village is situated on tho S. tank of the river Frome. The land is tho property of the Earl of Ilchester, who takes his title of Baron Strang- vays from the castle of AVoodsford-Strangways, part of Gu'ido do Brient's castle, now converted into a farm- houso. This curious example of ancient domestic archi- tecture has been in part restored by tho Earl of Ilchester. Tho living is aroct.* inthedioc. of Salisbury, val. 200. The church was a chancel, rebuilt by the present rector, who has also built a new rectory house. AVOODSIDE, a limit, in the par. of Croydon, CO. Surrey, 1 milo N.E. of Croydon. AVOODSIDE, a hrnlt. in the par. of Ronton, co. Staf- ford, -1 miles W. of Stafford. WOODSIDE, a tnshp. in the par. of Worfield, co. Salop, 3 miles N.E. of Bridgnorth. AVOODSIDE, a tnshp. in the par. of Shiffnall, co. Salop, 4 miles S.E. from Shiffnall. AVOODSIDE, a ward in tho par. of Cheshunt, co. Herts, 2 milrs N.AV. of AValtham Abbey. AVOODSIDE, a tnshp. in tho par. of AVcstward, co. Cumberland, 2 miles N.AV. of Temple-Sowerby, and 4 S.E. of Wigton, at tho confluence of tho rivers Eden and Earaont. AVOODSIDE, a hmlt. and ecclesiastical district in the par. of Ilorsforth, wap. of Skyrack, AVcst Hiding co. York, 5 miles N.AV. of Leeds, and 1 mile from the Carr- bridge station of the North-Eustern railway. The district in 1801 contained a population of 2,815. Tho living is a pcrpet. cur. in the dioc. of llipon, val. 150, in the patron, of tho bithop. Tho church is dedicated to St. James. There are several Dissenting chapels, and National and Sunday schools. John Spencer Stanhope, Esq., is lord of tho manor and principal landowner. AVOODSIDE, a hmlt. in tho par. of Brougham, co. Westmoreland, 8 miles N.AV. of Appleby, near the river Eden, and the line of the ancient AVatliug Street. AVOODSIDE, a small town in the par. of Old Maehar, co. Aberdeen, Scotland, 2 miles N.AV. of New Aberdeen, of which it is a suburb. It is a station on tho Great North of Scotland railway. The district is temporarily ranked as a quoad sacra parish. There are two places of worship, belonging respectively to the Established Church and the Eree Church. AVOODSIDE, a vil. in the district of Holy Trinity, Birkenhead, co. Chester, adjoining Birkenhead, at the ferry on the river Mersey. WOODSIDE, a hmlt. in tho tnshp. of Wettenhall and par. of Over, co. Chester, 5 miles S.E. of Tarporley, and 4 S.AV. of Winsford, its post town. AVOODSIDE, a hmlt. iu the par. of Mouswald, co. Dumfries, Scotland. AVOODSIDE, a vil. in the par. of Largo, co. Fife, Scotland. It adjoins tire parish of Gilston. AVOODSIDE, a vil. in tho par. of Markinch, co. Fife, Scotland, 3 miles N. of Dysart. WOODSIDE, a vil. in tho par. of Cargill, co. Perth, Scotland, 2J miles from Cupar Angus, and 13 from Perth. It is a station on the Scottish North-Eastern railway. There are a Free church and school. AVOODSIDE QUARTER, a tnshp. in the par. of Wigton, co. Cumberland, 3 miles N.E. of AVigton. AVOODSIDE AVAUD, a tnshp. in the par. of Elsdon, co. Northumberland, 1^ mile N. of Elsdon, and 10 miles N.E. of Bollingham. WOODSOME-LEES, a hmlt. in the tnshp. of Farnley Tyas, par. of Almondbury, West Riding co. York, 4 miles S.E. of Huddersfield. The Earl of Dartmouth is lord of the manor. WOODSPRING, a hmlt. in the par. of Kewstoke, co. Somerset, 3 miles from Weston-super-Mare, on the Bristol Channel, at the mouth of the river Yeo. AVOODSTOCK, a chplry., market town, municipal and parliamentary borough, locally in Wootton hund., but comprised within the lib. of Oxford, oo. Oxford, 8 miles N.W. of Oxford, and 62 N.AV. of London, or 71 by the Great AVostern railway, which had a station at Wood- Stock Road, which is about 2 miles from the town. It was here that Alfred tho Great translated Boethius into Saxon, and hero Henry I. formed tho first deer park in England by enclosing a portion of tho woods with a stone wall. The palace, which had boen rebuilt by Henry I., became a favourite residence of Henry II., who hero formed the Bower, a white castle, remains of which were visible in 1622, for his mistress, Fair llosa- mond, the daughter of Lord Clifford, of Clifford Castle, in Herefordshire. Tho approach to tho Bower was con- cealed by means of a labyrinth, the site of which is said to bo indicated by a fountain or well. Tho palace was enlarged by Henry VIII., who built tho gatehouse in which tho Princess Elizabeth was confined by her ei.-.lcr, Queen Mary, in 1554, and which was taken down in 17<);i. In the civil war of Charles I., the palace was defended by Captain Eawcet, who finally dismantled it, and no traces of it are now left ; but at Old Woodstock, a place a littlo without the limits of the municipal borough, arc several old houses, in ono of which Chaucer is said to have resided whilst composing some of his poems. At the Restoration, the honour and manorof AVoodstock reverted to Charles II., a-nd continued in the possession of the crown till presented by Queen Anne to tho Duko of Maiiborough, as a reward for his triumph at Blenheim over the French and Bavarians, in 1704. Tho parlia- ment confirmed the grant, and voted half a million ster- ling for tho erection of Blenheim Palace, 1715. The extreme length of the building, which was erected after designs by Sir John Vanbrugh, is 850 feet, enclosing three sides of a court, and covering seven acres of ground. Tho town of AVoodstouk, more correctly called New AVoodstock, is situated on the river Glyme, which runs into the Evenlode, a branch of the Isis. The townluill was erected about 1766, at the expense of tho Duko of Marlborough, after a design by Sir AVilliam Chambers. There are also a bank, savings-bank, and union work- house, erected at an expense of 4,800, and situated in ths parish of Hensington. AVoodstock was once famous for the manufacture of steel ornaments, but this trade has totally disappeared. The manufacture also of doeskin gloves was introduced at an early period, and although now declined, still gives considerable employment. Tho population in 1851 of the parliamentary borough was 7,983, and in 1861, 7,827, inhabiting 1,063 houses. Pre- viously to the passing of the Reform Act of 1832, it returned two members to Parliament from the reign of Elizabeth, but now only one. It is a borough by pre- scription, having been incorporated by Henry VI., and confirmed by Charles II. Tho corporation consists of a high steward, a mayor, who is also returning officer, a recorder, and 4 aldermen, who act as magistrates within tho borough, besides a town clerk and 16 common couu- cilmen. AVoodstock is the head of a Poor-law Union, new county court, and superintendent and registry dis- tricts, comprising 31 parishes; it also gives name to a deanery in the archdeaconry and diocese of Oxford, and gives title of viscount to -tho Duke of Portland. St. Martin's, Bladon, is the mother church, to which AVood- stock is a chplry., joint val. 500. AVoodstock chapel, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, was rebuilt in 1785, on the site of a chantry founded by King John, of which a doorway has been preserved in the S. wall. In the inte- rior are columns, with grotesque heads on the capitals, supporting pointed arches, and a brass of 11. Baily, bearing date 1441. The AVesleyans and Baptists have chapels. There are almshouses for six widows, built in 1793, at tho expense of the Duchess of Mail- borough. The charities produce about 150 per annum. There is a grammar school, founded and endowed in 1585, by Richard Cornwall, a native of the town; it possesses an income from endowment of about 70 a year, with a residence, and since 1850 has been reopened to tho sons of inhabitants of the town. There are, bo- sides, two endowed free schools, one of which, under the benefaction of the Rev. Sir R. Cocks, clothes and edu- cates 12 boys and 12 girls. Roman coins were disco > here in 1700, on the pulling down of the palace gate- house, and also in 1755, on the site of King John's cot- tages. Tuesday is market day. Fairs are held on tha