Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/750

Rh WALSTON. 738 WALTHAM, BISHOP'S. 2,683. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 1,285. The church, dedicated to All Saints, contains an old font. There are some charities of considerable amount. The Primitive Methodists have two chapels. Archbishop Herring was born at the Rectory in 1693, and died in 1757. C. Metcalfe, Esq., of Wisbeach, is lord of the manor. There was anciently a chapel with a guild of the Holy Trinity, and a hermitage, of which the site is now unknown. WALSTON, a par. in the upper ward of co. Lanark, Scotland. It contains a vil. of its own name and that of Ellsrickle. It extends in length about 3J miles from N.W. to S.E., with an extreme breadth of about 3 miles, and is bounded on the S. by Peeblesshire, and on the other sides by the pars, of Biggar, Libberton, Carnwath, Dunsyre, and Dolphington. Its surface is hilly and pastoral, rising at Walston Hill 1,500 feet above sea- level. The lower grounds are watered by the river Medwin, which abounds in trout. Sandstone and lime- stone are worked, but the rocks chiefly consist of felspar, porphyry, clinkstone, and greenstone. In tho vicinity are traces of a double-ditchod circular camp, 77 yards in diameter, also a good spring at Walston Well. The parish is traversed by the road from Biggar to Edin- burgh, and by that from Carnwath to Peebles. The village of Walston is situated about 5 miles N. of Biggar, on the river Medwin. This par. is in tho presb. of Biggar and synod of Lothian and Tweeddale. Tho stipend of the minister is about 157. The parish church was erected in 1789. There are a Free church, parochial school, and a subscription school. WALTERSTONE, a par. in the hund. of Ewyas- Lacy, co. Hereford, 3 miles S.W. of Pontrilas railway station, and 15 S.W. of Hereford. Abergavenny is its post town. The village is situated on the river Monnow, on the borders of Monmouthshire. The soil consists of red clay. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Hereford, val. 136. The church is dedicated to St. Peter or to St. Mary. The parochial charities produce about 6 per annum. Near the church is a circular moat, but no traces of any building within ita enclosure. In the vicinity are two camps. There is also a farm- house which was once the residence of Lord Burleigh, whose coat-of-arms is still to be seen in the windows. WALTEESTONE, a hmlt. in the par. of Llanrhidiau, co. Glamorgan, 10 miles S.W. of Swansea. It was founded by Henry I.'s chaplain, Walter de Mapes, who translated the " British Chronicle " into Latin. WALTEESTONE, a hmlt. in the par. of Llancarvan, co. Glamorgan, 4 miles S.E. of Cowbridge. WALTEESTOWN, a par. in the bar. of West Offaly, co. Kildare, Ireland, 3 miles S.W. of Kildare. The vil- lage is near the site of Fitzgeralds' castle, of which there are no remains. The soil is light and sandy, with a con- siderable tract of bog. The living is a rect. annexed to that of Narney. The church has long been demolished. WALTHAM, a par. in the hund. of Bridge and Pet- ham, lathe of St. Augustine, co. Kent, 8 miles S.W. of Canterbury, its post town, and 5 E. of the Wye railway station. The village is situated on the Eoman way Stane Street. The par. includes tho hmlt. of Handwell Green. The land is partly in hop-grounds. There were formerly chapels-of-ease at Ashenfield and Waddenhall. The living is a vie.* with that of Petham annexed, in the dioc. of Canterbury, val. 635. The church is dedi- cated to St. Bartholomew. There is a National school for both sexes, and the Wesleyans have a chapel. WALTHAM, a par. in the hund. of Bradley-Haver- stoe, parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, 3j miles S.W. of Great Grimsby, its post town, and 9 N.E. of Caistor. It- is a station on the Great Northern railway. The village is situated on the road to Binbrook. This parish, as well as several others, were included in the parlia- mentary borough of Great Grimsby in 1832. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 331, in the patron, of Southwell Collegiate Church. The church, dedicated to All Saints, contains a monument of black marble, with the effigies of Joan Waltham and her two children, bearing date 1 420, also a broken brass, discovered in 1849 under the boards of a pew in t'ue N. aisle, bearing a Latin inscription to John and Margaret Waltham, but without date. The register dates from 1561. The Primitive Methodists and Wesleyans have each a chapel, and the latter a school. There is also a temperance hall. B. Annington, Esq., is lord of tho manor. A statute fair for the hiring of servants is held in the first week in May. WALTHAM, a hund. in co. Essex, contains tho pars, of Chingford, Epping, Nazeing, Waltham Abbey, and part of Roydon, comprising an area of 25,240 acres. WALTHAM ABBAS. See WALTHAM WHITE, co. Berks. WALTHAM ABBEY, or HOLY CROSS, a par. and small market town in the hund. of Waltham, co. Essex, 12 miles N.E. of St. Paul's, London, by road, or 15 by the Cambridge section of the Great Eastern rail- way, on which it is a station. This parish is situated on the river Lea, and includes Waltham Forest, which belongs to the crown, also Hainault and Epping forests, part of what was the great wood or weald of Essex. The parish contains 11,870 acres, and includes, besides the town of Waltham, the tnshps. of Holy field, Sewardstone, and Upshire, or IJptra, and the ecclesiastical district of High Beech. The population of the parish in 1861 was 5,044, and of tho town 2,873 ; the latter consists chiefly of one long street, containing the station of the N. division of the Metropolitan police, where petty sessions are held weekly on Tuesdays, and the courthouse in High Bridge-street, where a county court is held monthly. On the banks of the Lea are a govern- ment establishment for refining saltpetre and manufac- ture of gunpowder, several flour mills, and a manufacture for percussion caps ; there are also malt kilns, a brewery, silk-mill, and a pin factory. It is said to owe its origin to Canute's standard-bearer, Tovy, who built here a church, which was reformed as a college by Harold in 1062, and subsequently converted by Henry II. into a mitred abbey for Augustine Canons, which continued to flourish till the Reformation, when its revenues were valued at 1,097 per annum. It was then surrendered by Robert Fuller, the last abbot, to Henry VIII., who gave the site to Sir A. Denny. All that now remains of this abbey is the nave with its two side chapels, con- stituting the present parish church of Holy Cross and St. Lawrence, and to which a square tower was added at the western end in 1558. It has recently been par- tially repaired, but funds are needed for further progress. There are many monuments, including two brasses bear- ing date 1559, and effigies of the Dennys. The living is a don. cur. in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 195, in the patron, of trustees. This living was once held by Bishop Hall and by Fuller. In the Abbey cemetery are said to be interred the bodies of Harold and his brothers, who fell at Battle, by their mother Githa, with the simple epitaph, " Hie jacet Harold infelix." There is also thfi district church of St. Paul, at High Beech, tho living of which is a perpet. cur.* in the patron, of the Bishop of London. The Wesleyans and Baptists have each a chapel. There are a free school, endowed by Leverton with about 170 per annum, National, and British and Foreign schools, and a mental improvement society with a small library. The parochial charities produce about 370 per annum, including 70, the en- dowment of Green's almshouses. Besides the parish church, there are some ruins of the abbey, including part of the abbey wall, a vault, gateway, and a bridge. Roger de Waltham, one of the monkish chroniclers of the time of Henry III., and Bishop John de Waltham, were born here. It was here that Cranmer, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, was first introduced to Henry VIII. , and suggested the referring of the question of the king's divorce to the divines and learned men of England, instead of submitting to the decision of the Pope. Market day is on Tuesday. Fairs are held on the 14th May and 25th and 26th September. WALTHAM, BISHOP'S. See BISHOP'S WALTKAM, co. Hants, and the like of other places similarly com- pounded.