Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/741

Rh WAINFLEET ST. MABY. 729 WAKEFIELD. of the lord chancellor. The church, dedicated to All Saints, was rebuilt out of the materials of an older one which was taken down in 1820, on a site presented by the late Colonel Sibthorpe. The town also includes the email parish of St. Thomas, the living of which is aperpet. cur., but no remains of the ancient church no w exist. The parochial charities produce about 15 per annum, besides 23 acres of land. There are National schools for both sexes, and a free grammar school founded by Bishop Patten in 1484. The Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists have eacli a chapel. There are a literary institute and a branch of the National savings- bank. C. B. Beynardson, Esq., is lord of the manor. Market day is on Saturday. Fairs for cattle are held on the third Saturday in May and 24th October. WAINFLEET ST. MABY, a par. in the Marsh div. of Candleshoe hund., co. Lincoln, 16 miles N.E. of Boston, its post town, and 1 mile from Wainfieet All Saints. The village forms a part of the town of Wain- fleet. Much of the land is marshy. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 201, in the patron, of Bethlehem Hospital. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, stands about a mile from the village. The parochial charities produce about 24 per annum. There is a school for both sexes, founded in 1831 by the Governors of Bethlehem Hospital, by whom it is ' supported. WAINLEE, a vil. in the par. of Wolstanton, co. Stafford, 2 miles N. of Newcastle-under-Lyne. WAINWEN, a tnshp. in the par. of Gladestry, co. Radnor, 4 miles S.E. of New^Badnor. WAITBY, a tnshp. in the par. of Kirkby Stephen, East ward, co. Westmoreland, 1 mile S.W. of Kirkby Stephen, and 3 miles from Eavenstone. It belonged to the Wadebys in King John's time, and subsequently passed to the Dacres, Stricklands, Lowthers, &c. The Tillage only contains 9 houses, though at some remote period it is said to have been a market town, and on Castle Carrick Hill are traces of a castle. In the village is an endowed free school for this and the township of Smardale. WAITH, a par. in the hund. of Bradley-Haverstoe, parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, 6J miles S.E. of Great Grimsby, its post town, and 9 N.W. of Louth. The j village is situated on the Louth road and Tetney rivulet. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 86. The church, dedicated to St. Martin, was | rebuilt in 1860 by C. H. Haigh, Esq., of Grainsby Hall. I A school, with master's residence, has been erected at the expense of Mrs. Haigh, by whom it is supported. This parish has the privilege of sending one inmate to the almshouses at Ashby. C. H. Haigh, Esq., is lord of the manor. WAITHAM HILL, an ext. par. place in the hund. of Lonsdalo North of the Sands, co. Lancaster, 4 miles N.W. of Ulverstone. It includes the hmlts. of Moss- houses, Mursfield, and Headhouse. WA1TW1TH, a hmlt. iu the par. of Catterick, North Biding co. York, 3 miles S.E. of Eichmond, near the river Swale. WAKEFIELD, a par., post and market town, muni- cipal and parliamentary borough iu the lower div. of Aghrigg wap., West Eiding co. York, 9 miles S.E. of Leeds, and 28 S.W. of York. It has stations on the Lancashire and Yorkshire, and Bradford, Wakefield, and Leeds railways, and a joint station at Oakenshaw, about 2 miles from the town, for the North Midland and Great Northern railways. It is situated on the navigable river Calder, here crossed by a bridge of nine arches built by Edward III., and on the Aire and Calder navi- gation, by means of which a considerable trade is carried on in grain, malt, coals, &c. The parish of Wakefield, which is very extensive, comprising 9,311 acres, includes the chplry. of Horbury, the tnshp. and borough of Wake- field, the tnshps. of Alverthorpe-with-Thornes and Stan- ley-cum-Wrenthorpe. Its ancient name was WaeJiefeld, under which it is mentioned in Domesday book as belong- ing to the crown, and was subsequently given by Henry 1. to the Warrens, whose seat was Sandal Castle. By Edward III. it was conferred on his natural son Edmund de Langley, who fell at the battle of Agincourt, and afterwards belonged to Eichard Duke of York, slain in the battle of Wakefiold Green. In 1554 this extensive baronial liberty became a portion of the Duchy of Lan- caster, and through Henry Earl of Holland, the Cliftons, &c., descended to Thomas Osborne, first Duke of Leeds, in whose family it continues, but the manor belongs to Sackville W. Lane Fox, Esq. On the passing of the Befonn Act of 1832, it was created a borough, with tho privilege of returning one member to parliament. Under the Municipal Corporations Act it is divided into seven wards, and is governed by a mayor, eight aldermen, and 24 councillors. The population of the municipal and parliamentary boroughs, which are nearly co-extensive, in 1851 was 22,065, and in 1861, 23,350 ; but that of the whole parish in 1851 was 33,122, and in 1861, 35,739. The town of Wakefield, which is situated in the centre of a thriving manufacturing district, may be considered the shire town of the AVest Eiding, from its being the place of election for the knights of the shire for tho West Eiding, the place of custody for deeds and enrolments. The petty sessions for the lower div. of Agbrigg wap., as also for the borough, are held weekly on Monday. A county-court sits monthly, and tho board of poor-law guardians meet fortnightly on Wednesday. The Poor- law Union comprises 19 parishes and townships. The manor-court is held annually at tho Moot Hall. The town, which is built on a declivity near the river, con- tains several handsome modern streets, and even the older portion, which is irregularly laid out, has boon recently much improved. The principal public buildings are the court-house, with Doric portico, in Wood-street ; the corn-exchange, erected in 1837 in Wcstgate; the moot-hall, or manor court, in Westgate ; the house of correction for the West Eiding, covering a site of 20 acres, having been enlarged in 1824, at a cost of 120,000 ; and in Westgato the county lunatic asylum for the West Riding, erected at a cost of above 100,000 at Eastmoor ; the union workhouse in Park-lane ; the mechanics' institution, with library and baths attached, in Wood-street; tho Tammy hall in Wood-street, 210 feet by 30, built for the sale of cloth and woollen stuffs, but now converted into a factory, that branch of trade having disappeared ; the theatre, in Westgate ; tho general dispensary and Clayton hospital in Wood-street ; tha borough police-station in King-street; also the station of the West Eiding constabulary at Clifle House ; the savings-bank in Burton-street ; four commercial banks, assembly rooms, and library, three masonic lodges, gas and waterworks, and the new market-house, recently erected near tho parish church, at a cost of 20,000, tho old market-place in the centre of the town having become too small for the increased business. A con- siderable trade is done in grain, meal, wool, malt, coal, and stone, which are conveyed to the neighbouring manufacturing towns by means of the river Calder and tho Aire and Calder navigation. Many persons are employed as maltsters, dyers, boat-builders, millwrights, blacksmiths, colliers, and some in the spinning of worsted and lambswool yarn, though this branch of manufacture has fallen off. There are extensive corn mills belonging to the corporation, several breweries, tho Calder soap works, where artificial manures are also manufactured. In tho immediate vicinity of the town are extensive market gardens. The soil is clayey but fertile, and the subsoil abounds in coal, stone, and mineral springs. There are two weekly newspapers published in tho town, the Express on Saturday, and the Journal and Examiner, on Friday mornings, with a second edition in the afternoon, containing the Mark-lane news of the day. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 450, in tho patron, of the bishop. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a handsome structure of the time of Henry III., but mostly rebuilt since 1724. It has a tower and spire 237 feet high, containing a peul of ten hells, and has been recently restored at an expense of 5,000, under the direction of G. Scott. In addition to the parish church are the district churches ol