Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/376

Rh EOYD'S HALL. 364 RUAN-LANIHORNE. the rect.* of Castle Rising, in the dioc. of Norwich. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a small ancient edifice with a square embattled tower containing one hell. The register dates from 1754. There is a National school. The Hon. Mrs. Howard, of Castle Rising, is lady of the manor. ROYD'S HALL, a hmlt. in the chplry. of Lindley, and par. of Huddersfield, West Riding co. York, 2 miles N.W. of Huddersfield. ROYSTON, a par., post and market town, chiefly in the hund. of Odsey, co. Herts, hut partly in the hund. of Armiugford, co. Cambridge, 18 miles N.E. of Hertford, and 38 from London by road, or 45 by the Hitchin and Cambridge section of the Great Eastern railway, on which it is a station. It is situated at the intersection of the Icknield Way and the Ermine Street, under the Downs, in a bleak open country. It is a polling and petty sessions town, and was formed into a separate parish about 1540. Its present name is derived from Roisia de Vere, Countess of Norfolk, by whom a cross was set up, and near to which an Austin priory was founded in Henry II. 's time by Eustace-de-Mere, which led to the erection of houses, and the place acquired the appellation of Royse's Town, or Royston. The town consists of one long and narrow street, crossed by two shorter streets, the houses being chiefly built of brick. It is lighted with gas, but scantily supplied with water. It contains a townhall, two branch banks, and a market-house, built in 1830 at the expense of Lord Dacre. Barrows exist on the Downs, which are fre- quented in winter by the bird called the " Royston crow," which takes its flight to Sweden and Germany in the spring. An extensive trade is done in malt and corn. Royston gives title of viscount to the Earl of Hardwicke, of Wimpole. A hunting-seat was built here by James I., who made it his occasional residence, and Charles I. removed here from Hampton Court at the breaking out of the civil war, previously to setting up his standard at Nottingham. That unfortunate monarch afterwards passed two nights here in June, 1647, when a prisoner to the army which had its headquarters at this place. The survey of the palace made during the Commonwealth describes it as in good condition, but it has since been partly taken down. The Poor-law Union of Royston comprises 29 parishes, or places. The revenue of the monastery at the Dissolution was valued at 89 16s. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 107. The church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, is an ancient structure, and originally belonged to the priory, but was purchased by the inha- bitants at the dissolution of the monasteries. It contains effigies of a knight, a canopied brass bearing date 1420, and two others. The parochial charities produce about 42 per annum. There is a National school for both sexes. Market day is on Wednesday, chiefly for corn, sheep, pigs, and straw-plait. Fairs are held on Whit- Wednesday, Shrove Wednesday, St. Thomas-a-Becket's day, and Easter Wednesday, and a statute fair for the hiring of servants on the first Wednesday after 10th October. ROYSTON, or ROYSTONE, a par. and tnshp. in the wap. of Staincross, West Riding co. York, 4 miles N.E. of Barnsley, its post town, and 6 S. of Wakefield It is a station on the North Midland railway. The village is situated on an eminence near the Barnsley canal, and on the North Midland railway, which passes through a tunnel at Chevet 700 yards long. The par. which is very extensive, comprises the tnshps. o Monk-Bretton, Carlton, Chevet, Cudworth, Netton Royston, and Woolley. The inhabitants are chiefl; engaged in agriculture. The district abounds with coal and there are some extensive quarries of freestone. The soil is productive, and the land in good cultivation. Thi living is a vie.* in the dioc. of York, val. 166, in th patron, of the archbishop. The church, dedicated to St John the Baptist, is an ancient structure with a squar embattled tower crowned with pinnacles, and containing a pefll of six bells. It was restored and beautified in 1S37. There are also district churches at Monk-Bretton nd Woolley, the livings of which are perpet. curs., val. espectively 200 and 150. The parochial charities roduce about 209 per annum, 88 of which belongs the free grammar school founded in James I.'s time, 'here is a National school for both sexes, built in 1844. "he Wesleyans have a place of worship. The late Sir J. Wood, Baron of the Exchequer, was a native of toyston. At Monk-Bretton are the remains of an ancient monastery. ROYTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Bangor, hund. of Jromfield, co. Denbigh, 4 miles S.E. of Wrexham. It s situated near the river Dee. Its principal attraction s Royton Hall. ROYTON, a tnshp. and chplry. in the par. of Prest- wich, hund. of Salford, co. Lancaster, 2 miles N.W. of Oldham, its post town, and 3 N.E. of Middleton. It is a junction station on the Oldham and Rochdale branch )f the Lancashire and Yorkshire railway. The village s situated on the road to Rochdale. Previous to the 1 few straggling cottages, but has now assumed the appearance of a considerable town, consisting of several regular streets and large factories. A large portion of ,he inhabitants are engaged in the cotton mills, and in he extensive coal mine, and brass and iron foundries. Stone is quarried to some extent. There is a public >ath. The living is a perpet. cur. * in the dioc. of Man- chester, val. 300, in the patron, of the Rector of Prest- wich. The church, dedicated to St. Paul, was built by subscription in 1754. There is a National school ; also a village school. John Bntterworth, and his friend, John Kay, were natives of this parish. The Wesleyans, Cal- vinistic Methodists, and Society of Friends, have each a place of worship. RUABON, RHUABON, or RHIWABON, a par. in Wrexham, its post town, and 6 from Llangollen. It is a station on the Shrewsbury and Cheshire railway. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on a branch of the river Dee, and near Offa's and Wat's Dyke. It is a petty sessions town. The par. comprises the chplries. of Rhos-y-Medre and Rhos-Llanerchrugog-with-Christ- ionydd, and nine other tnshps. A large portion of the inhabitants are employed in the extensive collieries and' iron-works at Cefn Mawr and Acrevair. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of St. Asaph, val. 588, in the patron, of the bishop. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, contains effigies and monuments. There are also the district churches of Rhos-y-Medre and Rhos-Llaner- chrugog, the liyings of which are perpet. curs., val. 300 and 50 respectively. The parochial charities produce about 466. There is a free school. The Dis- senters have several places of worship. The mansion of Wynnstay is situated in one of the largest parks in Wales. Fairs occur on the 22nd May, and 20th November. RUAIL, a trout stream of the co. of Argyle, Scotland, rises near Kilmodan, and falls into Loch Ridon. RTJAN. See DYSERT, co. Clare. RUAN-LANIHORNE, a par. in the W. div. ot Powder hund., co. Cornwall, 2J miles S. of Trcgony, its post town, and 10 S.E. of Truro. The village, which is of small extent, is situated in a valley at the head of & wide creek or inlet from the river Fal, and is wholly agricultural. The substratum is rich in minerals, and ope- rations for streaming tin were formerly carried on in tho adjacent moors. The land is divided between pasture, arable, and meadow. The parish is bounded on the S. by the par. of Veryan, on the N. by Cornelly, on the W. by Lamorran and St. Michael Penkivel, and on the S. by the pars, of Philleigh and St. Just. Here wag formerly a castle of the Arcedecknes. The river Fal affords facility of communication with the town of Truro and the harbour of Falmouth. There is a quay, prin- cipally used for the landing of coal, timber, slate, and other articles, for the supply of the neighbourhood. Petty sessions for the division are held at the hnmict of Highlaws in this parish. The glebe comprises 123 ThS living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Exeter, val. ilet of acres. ' U4,
 * ommencement of the' present century, it contained only
 * he hund. of Bromfield, co. Denbigh, 4 miles S.W. of