Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 3.djvu/24

Rh NEEDHAM-MARKET. 12 NEFYN. charities produce about 06 per annum, realised from town estate. This par. comprises the five manors follow- ing, viz. Bourts-in-Needham, T. B. Frank, Esq. ; Witchington Hall, Sir Robert S. Adair, Bart. ; Sey- mours, It. K. Cobbold, Esq. ; Gunshaws, the Hev. T. W. Vhitaker ; and Denisons, Lady George Beresford. NEEDHAM-MARKET, a hmlt., chplry., and post town, in the par. of Barking, hund. of Bosmere, co. Suffolk, 3j miles from Stowmarket, and 8J N. by W. of Ipswich, and 74 N.E. of London. It is a station on the Great Eastern railway. It is situated on low ground on the bank of the river Gipping, near Bosmere Lake, and on the road to Ipswich and Bury St. Edmund's. It is a petty sessions and polling town for East Suffolk, and was formerly a market town. It is tolerably well built, and is lighted with gas. There are a bank, public library and reading rooms, also paper and glue manufac- tories. Petty sessions are held every alternate Wednes- day at the Swan Inn. The Stowmarket and Ipswich navigation passes along the north-eastern boundary of the chapelry, and in crossed by a bridge leading from the town to Stonham. The living is a pcrpet. cur. in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 91, in the patron, of the Rector of Barking. The church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, is an ancient structure, built about 1450, with a wooden bell-turret. Dr. Priestley first settled at Needhain-Market with a small congregation on a salary of 30 a year. The parochial charities consist of alms- houses for eight poor persons, also the late Mrs. Lucy Maw's almshouses for four aged persons, besides other donations realising about 60 per annum. The Inde- pendents and Society of Friends have each a place of worship with schools attached. The Earl of Ashburn- ham is lord of the manor. An annual fair is held on 28th October. NEEDHAM STREET, a hmlt. in the par. of Gazeley, co. Suffolk, 5 miles E. of Newmarket. NEEDINGAVORTH, a hmlt. in the par. of Holywell, hund. of Hurstingstono, co. Huntingdon, 2 miles N.E. of St. Ives, its post town. It was formerly a chapelry, but the chapel, dedicated to St. James, haa long dis- appeared. The hamlet, which is of large extent, was the birthplace of Sir Ambrose Nicholas, Lord Mayor of London in 1576. The Baptists and Wesloyans have each a place of worship. NEEDLES, THE, a group of sharp-pointed chalk rocks off the W. point of the Isle of Wight, co. Hants, 4 miles S.W. of Yarmouth. They are above water, and are marked by a lighthouse on the opposite cliffs 469 feet high, with a red fixed light visible for 27 miles. The West passage to the Solent lies between these rocks and Hurst Point, having from 5 to 7 fathoms water, with a strong current. One, the highest of these rocks, fell in 1760, and the sea is continually wearing away the chalk. NEEDLESHAM, a cove on the S.E. coast of co. Devon, near the river Otter's mouth. NEEDWOOD FOREST, an ecclesiastical district, and formerly a royal forest, in the hund. of Offlow, co. Staf- ford. It contained, in a circuit of 20 miles, bounded by a bend of the river Trent, about 70,000 acres of hilly ground covered with natural wood. In its ancient state it was divided into five wards, called Barton, Marching- ton, Tutbury, Uttoxeter, and Yoxhall, and included thirteen parks, which were held by the earls of Mercia. In after times the kings of England often enjoyed the diversion of hunting here, down to the time of Charles I., whose sales and gifts of various parts of it caused a great portion to be disafforested. It continued extra parochial till 1801, when it was wholly enclosed by Act of Parlia- ment, and is now included in the pars, of Hanbury, Tatenhill, Tutbury, and Yoxhall. The tract contains many mansions with extensive parks, and the rest is cultivated, producing good crops, except about 1,000 acres of good oak timber, including the Swilcar oak, 21 fixt in girth. It belongs to the honour of Tutbury, in the duchy of Lancaster. The living is a perpet. cur. * in the dioc. of Lichfield, val. 170, in the patron, of the Duchy of Lancaster. The church, called Christ Church, in Need wood, was erected in 1809, and situated at an equal distance from each of the parochial churches. The tithes have been partially commuted for land and a money payment under an Enclosure Act. NEBS-SAVAGE, or UPPER NEEN, a. par. in the hund. of Stottesden, co. Salop, 1 mile N. of Cleobury- Mortimer, its post town, and 12 miles W. of Kiddermin- ster. The village, which is small and of irregular form, is situated on the river Rea, and is chiefly agricultural. The soil consists of cornstone and clay. Paper is manu- factured in this parish. The impropriate tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of .76, and the vica- rial for 424. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Hereford, val. 394, in the patron, of the lord chancellor. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is an ancient stone structure with a square embattled tower containing two bells. The tower originally had a spire, but it was destroyed by lightning in 1825. The parochial charities produce about 16 per annum. There is a free school liberally endowed by the Edwards and Hinckesmau families. NEEN-SOLLAES, or LOWER NEEN, a par. in the hund. of Overs, co. Salop, 3 miles S. of Cleobury-Mor- timer, its post town, and 10 S.E. of Ludlow. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the river Rea and Kington canal, and is wholly agricultural. The soil is chiefly clay, with a gravel subsoil. The laud is partly in hop-grounds. The tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of 273, and the glebe comprises 52 acres, valued at 65 per annum. The living is a rect.* with the cur. of Milson annexed, in the dioc. of Here- ford, val. 360, in the patron, of Worcester College, Oxford. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is an ancient cruciform structure with a square tower crowned by a wooden spire. The interior of the church contains a tomb to Humphry Conynsby, the traveller. There is a National school for the children of the parishes of Neen-Sollars and Milson, entirely supported by Mrs. Wickstead. Colonel Rushout is lord of the manor. NEENTON, a par. in the Chelmarsh div. of the Kund. of Stottesden, co. Salop, 6J miles S.W. of Bridgnorth, its post town, and 22 from Wolverhampton. The village, which is of small extent, is situated on the river Rea, and is intersected by the Ludlow and Bridgnorth turn- pike road. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in agriculture. The soil consists of loam with a subsoil of limestone, beneath which is coal and iron. Stone for building is quarried to a small extent. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Hereford, val. 190. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is an ancient stone structure with a turret containing two bells. Henry Lyster, Ksq., is lord of the manor and principal landowner. NEEPSEND, a vil. in the tnshp. of Brightside- Bierlow, borough of Sheffield, West Riding co. York, 2 miles N.E. of Sheffield. It is situated near the river Don and the line of the North Midland railway. The inhabitants ;are chiefly engaged in the neighbouring ironworks, and in the cutlery manufacture. NEFYN, or NEVYN, a par., market town, and borough, in the hund. of Dinlaen, co. Carnarvon, 6 miles from Pwllheli, and 18 S. W. of Carnarvon. It is a small but improving town, situated among the hills on the coast, and under Mount Rivel. About a mile to the S. is the well-sheltered harbour of Perth, situated in a sandy bay, and conjectured to have been frequented by the Romans, on account of strong entrenchments in the vicinity still visible, and various Roman urns disco in the adjoining parish of Llaniestin. Edward I. held a grand triumphal festival here in 1 284, to celebrate the con- quest of Wales. It was made a free borough by Edward the Black Prince, but never obtained any considerable degree of prosperity. It has no manufactures, and but little trade, the chief import being coal. Some years ago a scheme was formed for improving this unfrequented part of Wales, by bringing the gr<nt road from London to Ireland through it, by a new line from Merioneth- shire across the Traeth-Mawr, and constituting this port a rendezvous for packets to Ireland instead of Holyhead. For this purpose an Act of Parliament was obtained in 1806 to erect a pier and other necessary works, but the