Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/608

Rh LINBRIGGS. COO LINCOLNSHIRE. LINBRIGGS, a tnshp. in the par. of Allenton, W. div. of Coquetdale ward, co. Northumberland, 11 miles N.W. of Rothbury. It is situated on the river Coquet, here crossed by a bridge. The Ridlee Burn and several brooks run through the glens in. the neighbourhood to join the river Coquet. LINBY, or LYNBY, a par. in the N. div. of the wap. of Broxtow, co. Nottingham, 7 miles N.W. of Nottingham, its poet town, and 7j S. of Mansfield. It is a station on the Nottingham and Mansfield branch of the Midland railway. It is situated in the vicinity of the river Leen, and Newstead Abbey. Wire was for- merly manufactured. Limestone is abundant, and is quarried for building and burning into lime. There are two ancient crosses one at either end of the village. The tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge of 280. The land is well cultivated. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 200. The church is a small edifice dedicated to St. Michael. It has recently been thoroughly restored, at the expense of the rector, and contains monuments of the Chaworth and Strelly families. Andrew Montagu, Esq., is lord of the manor. LINCH, a par. in the hund. of Easebourne, rape of Chichester, co. Sussex, 5 miles N.W. of Midhurst, its post town. It is mentioned in Domesday Book as Lime, and was then held of Edward the Confessor by Uric. It subsequently belonged to the Montague and Poyntz families, and is now the property of the Earl of Egmont. It is divided into two portions, known as Woodman's Green and Linch Farm : the former is a well-wooded district situated within the limits of the borough of Midhurst, as extended under the Reform Act ; the latter consists of about 700 acres of fertile land at the base of the chalk downs. A considerable portion of the land is unenclosed. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Chi- chester, val. 57. The church is a stone structure situated at Woodman's Green, and erected about 1700. It has a curious E. window. The register dates from 1701. There are no remains of the old church, which was situated at the other end of the parish. LINCHLADE. See LIXSLADE, co. Bucks. LINCHMERE, or LYNCHMERE, a par. in the hund. of Easebourne, rape of Chichester, co. Sussex, 5 miles N.W. of Midhurst, and 2 E. of Liphook, its post town. The village is small and entirely agricultural. The manor was anciently held by William-de-Percy, of the house of Arundel, and afterwards formed part of the estates of the Fitzalans, from whom it passed to Sir William Fitzwilliam, and finally became incorporated with the Cowdry estates. The Earl of Egmont is lord of the manor. The surface is varied and embellished with timber, above a third of the land being woodland ; the remainder is divided between arable and pasture, with some orchard and waste. About half a mile from the church are the remains of Shulbrede Priory, founded by Ralph de Arderne about the beginning of the reign of Henry III., for five canons of the order of St. Augus- tine, and now converted into a farmhouse. The revenue of the priory was returned at 76 15s. &d. at the time of the Dissolution. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Chichester, val. 60. The church, of which the dedi- cation is not known, is an ancient structure occupying an elevated site from which a rich prospect is com- manded. At the time of the restoration of the church, in 1856, some stained windows were inserted. The register commences in 1560. There is a parochial school for both sexes. LINCLUDEN, an ext. par. place in co. Kirkcud- bright, Scotland, 1 mile N. of Dumfries. Here are the remains of a Black nunnery founded by Uthred of Gal- loway in the reign of Malcolm IV., and subsequently converted into a college. At the Reformation it became the property of the Maxwells. LINCOLNSHIRE, a maritime co. on the E. coast of England, lying between 52 39' and 53 43' N. lat., and between 22' and 56' W. long., bounded on the N. by the estuary of the Humber, on the N.W. by York- shire, on the W. by Nottinghamshire, on the S.W. by Leicestershire and Rutlandshire, on the S. by North- amptonshire, on the S.E. by Cambridgeshire, and on the E. by the German Ocean. Its greatest length from tho Humber, near the town of Barton, to Market Deeping, is 75 miles, and its greatest breadth from the junction of the three counties of York, Nottingham, and Lincoln, to Saltfleet, 60 miles. Its area is 1,775,457 statute acres, being greater than that of any other English county except Yorkshire. Its population in 1861 was 412,246, having increased since 1851 by 5,024, when it was 407,222, or, at the rate of 1 per cent. It is now double what it was in 1800. The number of inhabited houses in 1861 was 86,626, and of uninhabited, 4,289. At the time of the Roman invasion Lincolnshire formed part of the territory of the Coritani, a kindred tribe with the Iceni. During tho period of tho occupation of Britain by the Romans, it was included in the division Tlavia C&sariensis, and was opened up by the construction of dykes and roads : of tho former are the Fossedyke and Cardyke ; of the latter, Ermine Street, the Fosse Way, and the Salt Way. The Roman towns were, Lindum, the modem Lincoln, situated at the intersection of the two great roads the eastern branch of Ermine Street and the Fosse Way ; -A.d Aliiwi, now Winteringham ; siquis, Alkborough ; JSanovalhim, Horncastle ; Brigce, Bren- Broughton ; Causmnis, Ancaster ; Duro Brivis, Tatter- shall ; In Media, Kirton-in-Lindsey ; Margidunum, Willoughby, near Grantham ; Prelorium, Broughton ; Vainona, Waiufleet ; and Verometum, Willoughby. Besides which, many other places, as Caistor, Gainsborough, Lud- borough, Yarborough, &c., are only known to have been Roman stations from antiquities discovered on their sites. Under the Saxons it formed a dependency of tho king- dom of Mercia, and was comprehended in the conquests of Edwin of Northumbria, under whose influence Chris- tianity was introduced into this county by Paulinus. During the commotions which the ravages committed by the Danes created here in the reign of Ethelred I., Lincolnshire, with its numerous monastic establish- ments, suffered greatly. About the year 877 it appears to have fallen entirely into the power of the Danes, and, as part of the territory of the burgs of Stamford and Lincoln, to have been included in the Danelagh. In the civil war between Stephen and the Empress Maud, Lincolnshire was the scene of several important events. In 1141 Lincoln was besieged, and a battle was fought before its walls. Another battle subsequently occurred at the same place, by which the civil war between the adherents of the Dauphin and John was terminated. In the reign of Edward IV., 30,000 Lincolnshire men, under Sir Robert Wells, rose in rebellion against the king. They were defeated with great slaughter at the battle of "Lose Coat Field," near Stamford, and their leader was slain. On the suppression of the monasteries in 1536, another insurrection broke out in this country. It commenced at Louth, and spread over Lincolnshire into Yorkshire, where the insurgents were commanded by Robert Aske ; but at the approach of the king's forces they quietly dispersed. In the civil war between Charles I. and the parliament, Lincolnshire was the scene of numerous contests. In 1642, Colonel Cavendish, at tho head of a body of royalists, took possession of Grantham, capturing a large quantity of arms and ammunition, and demolishing the fortifications. In the same year Cromwell defeated the ' royalists near Grantham; General Cavendish gained a victory over the parliamentarians at Ancaster; and the parliamen- tarians took Gainsborough. In the following year, at the last-mentioned place, Cromwell defeated the royalists under General Cavendish, the latter losing his life in the engagement ; and in the same year the royalists were again defeated at Horncastle. In 1644 Lincoln Castle and Cathedral were stormed by the parliamentary forces under the Earl of Manchester. In former times Lin- colnshire was chiefly noted for its abundance of fish, wild fowl, and rabbits, owing to the wide extent of the 1'uns and wolds, where all kinds of game were bred. When these became improved by drainage, it was equally cele- brated for its grazing and its tillage ; but has only of late years become a commercial county, though situated