Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/372

Rh IVERTJSS. set 1VESTONE. IVERTJSS, or IVEROSSA, a par. in tho bar. of Kcnry, co. Limerick, prov. of Munster, Ireland, 3 miles N. of Askcaton, its post town. It is situated at the mouth of the Shannon, where the Dcel joins that river. Tho parish is 1 mile long by 1 broad. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of Limerick, val. with Askeaton, 336. The parish schoolhouse serves for tho 'performance of Divine service. The Roman Catholic chapel is united to lhat of Askeaton. There are ruins of a church founded by Iverus, a Dane who encamped here during his sail up the Shannon to Limerick in 821, also ruins of Bcigh Castle and some Danish fortifications. IVES, ST., a par., seaport, market town, and parlia- mentary borough, locally in tho hund. of Penwith, co. Cornwall, 18 miles W.N.W. of Falmouth, and 20 AV. of Truro. Tho nearest railway station is at St. Erth, on the West Cornwall line, about 3 miles distant. It is situated on tho AV. shore of a spacious bay of the same name, on the N.E. coast of Cornwall. The har- bour is commodious and safo, and the bay is about 12 miles deep by 3J wide from St. Ives Point to Cfodrevy Island. An excellent pier, defended bv a battery, has been recently constructed, at the extremity of which is a lighthouse. The anchorage outside the pier is in G fathoms, but it is exposed to N. winds and moving- sands. There are several steamers and about 150 sailing vessels belonging to the port, to which St. Agnes, Hayle, and Portrcaih, arc subports. The principal trade is the pilchard fishery, of which from 12,000 to 20,000 hogs- heads are caught from July to October, and sent for the most part to the Mediterranean. Shipbuilding is also ex- tensively carried on, and considerable business is done in the coasting trade. Many of the inhabitants are employed in the extensive brewery, &c., or in connection with tho mining speculations, of which the Trelvyan Consols, Trenwith and St. Ivcs Consols, are the principal mines now in operation. The metalliferous veins chiefly occur in the N.E. part of the parish, where the substratum is composed of compact and slaty felspar, abounding with actynolite, and intersected by veins of copper and tin ; tho subsoil in tho other districts is granite or slato. Tho limits of the borough, which includes Lelant and Towed- nack, ai-e much more extensive than those of the parish, which is bounded on the S. and AV. by the above-named places, and on the other sides by tlie Irish Sea. The population of the parliamentary Ijcrough in 1851 was 9,872, and in 1861, 10, H53, while the municipal borough contained in 18,51, 6,525, and in 1361, 7,027. It was formerly called ffiideiuiis, or Pcntltine*, and is a borough by prescription, first chartered by Charles I., and con- firmed by James II. Before the passing of tho Reform Bill it sent two members to parliament, but since one. Under the New Act it is governed by a mayor, 4 alder- men, and 12 councillors, with the style of "the mayor and burgesses of the borough of St. Ives." The toVn is very irregularly built, and the streets narrow, but tolerably straight and well kept. It is plentifully sap- plied with water, lighted with gas, and is increasing. It contains a townhall, custom-house, coastguard station, and an institute with public newsroom. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Exeter, val. 100, in the patron, of the Vicar of Lelant. The church, dedi- cated to St. Andrew, is a spacious structure of the time of Henry V., with a tower 90 feet high con- taining a clock and two bells. In the interior are many ancient mural monuments. The register commences in the IGth century. There arc four Dissenting places of worship belonging to the Wcsleyans, Lady Huntingdon's Connexion, &c., also National and Wesleyan schools. The parochial charities produce about 8 per annum. Tho principal residences in tho vicinity are Tregenna and Trenwith. Market days are "Wednesday and Satur- day. A fair is held on the 29th of November. IVES, ST., a par. and small market town in the hund of Hurstingstone, co. Hunts, 6 miles E. of Huntingdon, and 59 N. of London by road, or 72 by the Great Eastern railway, on which it is a station. The Great Northern /aihvay also has a station at Huntingdon for St. Ives ; and there is a wharf on tho river Ouse, by means of which navigation considerable business is done. In the Saxon times this place was called Slepe, which name is retained by ono of the two manors comprehended in tho pariah, and by that appellation is mentioned in Domes- day Book. Its more modern name is derived from Ivo, or St. Ives, a Persian ecclesiastic, who is said to havo visited England as a missionary in the 6th century, and to have been buried here. Over his grave a Benedict! priory was erected in 1017 by Earl Edelmar, as a cell Ramsey Abbey, which, having been burnt in 1207, w. rebuilt and continued till the Dissolution, when the i was granted to Sir Thomas Audley. The priory and dovecote, with some fragments of the building, still standing, but present no remarkable features, received charters from Henry I. and Edward I., i ferring on the town the privilege of holding markets fairs, and was for some time the residence of Oli Cromwell, who occupied Slepe Hall, recently taken do' to make room for a number of new houses, which n occupy its site. In the parish book, now in the poss sion of the vicar, Cromwell's signature appears chairman of a vestry meeting. A considerable pa of the town was consumed by fire in 1689, so that tl houses are generally modern. Tho streets are well paved and lighted, but the lower parts of tho town, built close on the bank of the Ouso, are liable to inunda- tion by the flooding of that river, which, in IN'.'X, swept away a considerable quantity of propertv. Over tho river is a stone bridge of six arches, said to have bee* built by the abbots of Ramsey. The approach to !lie bridge on the S. is by a causeway raised on arches to admit the passage of the waters in the time of floods; and over one of the arches, near the centre of the bridge, is an ancient building, originally intended for a chapel, but now used as a publichouse. There are no manufac- tures, but a considerable business is done in agricultural produce, and there are large establishments for brewing and malting. The town is governed by commissioners, appointed under a local Act, obtained in 1846, and by a high constable under tho Duke of Manchester, who is lord of the manor. In 1851 the population was 3,522. and in 1861, 3,321, showing a decrease in tho decennial period of 201. Petty sessions arc held every Monday by the county magistrates. It is the head of a Poor- law Union, embracing 18 parishes in Hunts and 6 in Cambridge, but the union poorhouse is situated in the adjoining parish of Hemingford Grey, about half a mile from the town ; St. Ives is also the head of a superin- tendent registry, but is included within the Hunting- don new County Court district. The living is a vio. in the dioc. of Ely, with tho chplries. of Old Hurst mid Woodhurst annexed. The church, originally built by Abbot Ednoth in the reign of King Edgar, was burnt in 1207, but was rebuilt. The present structure, dedicated to AH Saints, occupies the same site, close to the river, but is no older than tho 1 5th century, and has a tower and spire at the AV. end. There are places of worsliip belong- ing to the Independents, Wcsleyans, Baptists, Primitive Methodists, and Society of Friends. The National school, built in 1845, is in the Elizabethan style of arrhikr- ture, situated at tho E. end of tho sheep market. There are also a Dissenters' school, conducted tui the system of the British and Foreign Society, and a s: National school at the village of Woodhurst, about miles N. of St. Ives. Tho parochial charities produc about 90 per annum. Roger de St. Ives, an monk, and Pratt, author of "Gleanings," wi here. Market day is Monday, when much bv. done in corn, cattle, sheep, and pigs. There ar" tvc large fairs held annually, on AVhit Monday and on the llth of October, for cattle, sheep, second-hand clothing, and haberdashery. At the Michaelmas fair much :heesc is also disposed of. IVESTONE, a tnshp. in the par. of L:mch.-.-!cr, AY div. of Chester ward, co. Durham, 12 milrn S.AV. of Gateshead, and 9 N.W. of Durham. It contain- ilic limits, of Crook, Hall, and High Brooms, and part of the vil. of Leadgate. The inhabitants are piinti employed in the ironworks. There arc chapels be]