Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/304

Rh HORNBY. 296 HORNDON, EAST. to Dr. Lingard, the historian. Hornby Castle is the principal residence. It was formerly the seat of the Marsdens, tut is now the seat of Pudsey Dawson, Esq., who is lord of the manor. The parochial charities pro- duce about 14 per annum. Here is a Church school for both sexes, supported by Pudsey Dawson, Esq. A market for cattle is held every alternate Tuesday. HORNBY, a par. in the wap. of East Hang, North Riding co. York, 6 miles S.W. of Catteriek, its post town, 5 N.W. of Bedale, and 9 S.E. of Richmond. It contains the tnshps. of Hackforth and Ainderby-Myers with Holtby. The inhabitants are principally employed in agriculture. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 135. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is an ancient stone structure with a square tower contain- ing four bells. The interior of the church contains a carved oak screen, two marble effigies of unknown date, and a monument to the Darcy family bearing date 1572, also numerous brasses to the Conyers family. The register dates from 1582. The parochial charities pro- duce about 8 Is. Hornby Castle is the seat of the Duke of Leeds, who is lord of the manor and principal landowner. The interior of the castle contains a choice collection of paintings, and the adjacent grounds and park are very extensive. This noble residence was formerly the seat of the St. Quintins, by whom it was built. HORNBY, a par. in the wap. of Great Smcaton, North Riding co. York, 8 miles N. of Allerton, and 3 from the Cowton station on the North-Eastern line of railway. It is situated near the river Tees. The Wesleyans have a place of worship. Hornby Grange is the principal residence. HORNBY, a hmlt. in the par. of Great Brougham, co. Westmoreland, 3 miles E. of Penrith. It is situated on the river Eamont. HORNCASTLE, a soko in the parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, contains the pars, of West Ashby, Conin'gsby, Haltham-upon-Bain, Horncastle, Langrick Ville, Slare- ham-le-Fen, Mareham-on-the-Hill, Moorby, Roughton, Thirnbleby, Thornton-le-Fen, Toynton (High and Low), Wilksby, and Wood Enderby, comprising about 24,780 acres. It gives name to a deanery in the archdeac. and dioc. of Lincoln. HORNCASTLE, a deanery, par., and market town in the soke of Horncastle, parts of Lindsey, co. Lincoln, 21 miles E. of Lincoln, and 136 N. of London by road, or 130 by the Great Northern railway, on which it is a station. The Horncastle and Kirkstead railway joins the Lincoln and Boston line at Kirkstead, thus opening a communi- cation with most parts of England. The river Bain in 1801 was rendered navigable, at the cost of 35,000, by the cutting of a canal to join the Witham at Tattershall. The town is situated in a valley at the foot of the Wolds, and bears traces of having been a Roman station. At the point formed by the junction of the rivers Waring and Bain, where now stands the modern town, is an intricate circle known as Julian's Bower, and at a little distance are traces yet visible of a fortification. At the time of the Domesday Survey it was in the possession of William the Norman, and is spoken of in Saxon docu- ments as Hyrn-Ceastre, or the " castle at the angle." It had several privileges conferred on it by charter of Henry III., and has recently been much improved. Its population in 1851 was 4,921, which had declined in 1861 to 4,846. It contains many well-built houses and shops, and is lighted with gas and well paved. There are a corn exchange, erected in 1856, where the mechanics' institute is also held, a magistrates' office, and county court, subscription library, clerical library, savings-bank, dispensary, established in 1789, and the union workhonse, situated in Foundry-street ; also a new butter market, erected at the expense of J. B. Stanhope, Esq., in 1853. The Horncastle Agricultural Society hold their meetings annually at the Bull and Red Lion hotels alternately. A considerable trade is carried on in coin, wool, coals, malting, and brewing. Special and petty sessions for the Horncastle division of the parts of Lindsey are held every Saturday, and the Board of Guardians for Horncastle Poor-law Union meet every alternate Tuesday. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 612, in the patron, of the Bishop of Carlisle. The bishops of Carlisle were lords of the manor from 1218 to 1858, when the property of the sco was transferred to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, ia a structure of the time of Henry VII., with a square tower, surmounted by a spire at the W. end, and containing a peal of six bells. The South chapel was rebuilt in 1821, and the whole fabric has just undergone a thorough restoration, at the cost of 4,000. The chancel, restored at the sole cost of the lay rector, is laid with Minton's encaustic tiles, and contains several monuments and an old brass to the Dymoke family. The register dates from 1559. Besides the parish church, there is a chapel-of-easo, built in 1848, dedicated to the Holy Trinity. The Independents, Baptists, Wesleyans, and Primitive Methodists, have places of worship. There is a free grammar school, founded in the reign of Elizabeth by Edward Lord Clinton, and Saye, Lord High Admiral of England, which is open to the sons of residents of the town *and soke, and has an income from endowment of about 400, with two exhibitions to either of the universities. There are also National, British, and infant schools. Saturday is market day. Fairs are held on the fifth Thursday in Lent for cattle and sheep, on the 21st and 22nd June for' horses and cattle, on the first Monday after the 8th August, and week following, being one of the largest horse fairs in England, in the middle of September for foals and sheep, and on the 28th and 29th. October for cattle, horses, sheep, and pedlery. HORN CHURCH, a par. in the lib. of Havering-alte- Bower, co. Essex, 2 miles S.E. of Romford railway station, and 14 E.N.E. of London. The parish is situated to the N. of the Thames, near the small river Ingerbtirr., and is crossed in its northern part by the Great Eastern railway. The village, which is considerable, extends along the main road from Romford to Upminster, and is included in the eastern postal district of tho metropolis. A priory was founded here in the reign of Henry II. as a cell to tho hospital of Monte Jovis, in Savoy, which, with the Savoy chapel in the Strand, recently destroyed by fire, was given by William of Wykeham to New College, Oxon. There are brick and tile kilns, an extensive foundry, and agricultural imple- ment works, breweries, &c. An ancient custom is still indulged in on Christmas day, consisting in wrestling for a boar's head. The land is divided betwixt arable, marsh, and pasture. The living is a vie.* in the dioo. of Rochester, val. 740, in the patron, of New College, Oxford. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, is an ancient stone structure, with a lofty spired and em- battled tower containing a clock and six bells. The church contains some ancient brasses. There are nume- rous charities, and two sets of almshouses. In this parish are Hornchurch Hall, and several other resi- dences. David M'Intosh, Esq., is lord of the liberty. HORNCLIFFE, a tnshp. in tho par. of Norham, hund. of Norhamshire, co. Northumberland, formerly in Durham, 5 miles S.W. of Berwick. Tho village, which is small, is situated on the river Tweed, here crossed by a suspension-bridge. This bridge, which was the first of its kind erected in Great Britain, has a noble arch, the span of which is 45 feet by 27 feet in height. It was built at an expense of 5,000, and opened in 1820 : the inventor, Sir Samuel Brown, R.N., being presented with a thousand guineas above the stipu- lated sum. From the higher grounds a view is com- manded over the extensive plain of Merse and the banks of the Tweed. Here is a place of worship for the Presbyterians. Hornclifle Hall has not been occupied for some years. HORN DEAN, a post-office vil. in the par. of Lady- kirk, co. Berwick, Scotland, 4 miles S. of Chinnide. An United Presbyterian church stands here. HORNDON, EAST, or THORNDON, a par. in the hund. of Barstable, co. Essex, 3 miles S.E. of Brentwood, its post town and railway station, and 4 S.W. of Bille-