Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/269

Rh HIGHAM-GREEN. 261 HIGHGATE. of the "Lexicon Heptaglotton." There is a village HIGHAM-GREEN, a hmlt. in the par. of Gazeley, hund. of Risbridge, co. Suffolk, 7 miles N.E. of New- market, and the same distance W. of Bury St. Edmund's, The principal residence is Higham Hall, the ancient uf the Heigham family, from whom the hamlet took its name. HIGHAM-ON-THE-HILL, a par. in the hund. of ^enhoe, co. Leicester, 3 miles N.W. of Hinckley, its t'jwn, 6 S.W. of Market Bosworth, and 2J from the Nuncaton station on the Trent Valley railway. It is .situated near the ancient Watling Street, and the Ashby-de-la-Zouch canal passes through the parish, which contains the hmlts. of Lindlcy and Eowden. The surface, though elevated, is generally flat but well wooded. The soil is chiefly a stiff clay alternated with mail. The tithes were commuted for land and a money nent under an Act of Enclosure in 1806. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Peterborough, val. ->j2. The church, dedicated to St. Peter, is a modem structure, with a tower containing three bells. The ]>an>ehial charities produce about 1 per annum. There is it National school. Lindlcy Hall is the principal residence. The Hev. J. Fisher is lord of the manor. At the intersection of Watling Street with the road from Coventry, many coins of Henry III. were discovered in the 17th century ; and subsequently a gold ring with a ruby, another with an agate, and a third of silver with an Arabic inscription, were found near the spot. HIGHAM PARK, an cxt. par. place, in rtho hund. of Higham Ferrers, co. Northampton, 3 miles S.E. of Higham Ferrers. HIGHBEACH WARREN, a tnshp. in the par. of Balcomhe, hund. of Buttinghill, rape of Lewes, co. Sussex, 3 miles N. of Cuckfield. HIGHBEECH GREEN, a hmlt. in the par. and hund. of Waltham, co. Essex, 2 miles S.E. of Waltham Abbey, and 12 N.N.E. of St. Paul's, London, or 15 by the Great Eastern railway. It is situated on an elevated spot in Epping Forest, commanding an extensive view over the valleys of the Lea and Thames. The living is a perpct. cur.* in the patron, of the Bishop of Roches- ter. The church is a modern structure, dedicated to SI. Paul. HIGH BRAY. See BRAY, HIGH, co. Devon. HIGHBRIDGE, a hmlt. in the par. of Biirnham, co. Somerset, 6 miles N.E. of Bridgwater. It is situated on the river Brue, and is a station on the Bristol and Exeter railway. HIGHBRIDGE, a hmlt. in the par. of St. Decuman, i-o. Somerset, 2 miles from Wutchet, and 5 S.E. of Dunster. HIGHBROOKS, a hmlt. in the par. of Somerton, co. Somerset, 2 miles from Somerton. HIGHBURY, a suburban district of London, formerly a hmlt. in the par. of Islington, 3 miles N. of St. Paul's, London. It is a station on the North London railway, has communication with the City and West End y five minutes by omnibus. It is supposed to derive its name from a small Roman camp, or bury, which occupied the site nearly opposite Highbury Barn Tavern. It was formerly the property of the priors of St. John, ( 'Icrkenwell, who had a moated house here called Little >t. John's Wood. After the dissolution of monasteries this manor, in which the custom of gavelkind prevails, I passed successively to Thomas Cromwell, the crown, the A pi-leys, and finally to the Colebrooke family, to whom it at present belongs. In 1381 Jack Straw, one of tin- followers of Wat Tyler, did considerable damage The greater part of the vale of Highbury is now built over, with the exception of the park and the grounds attaching to Highbury Barn Tavern. High- bury terrace and crescent arc handsome ranges of Clings, the last being the largest crescent about London. The principal residences are Highbury Park Highbury House, adjoining which is Mr. Aubert's ol.M rvatory. At a little distance is Highbury College, built in lS'2('p at a cost of 22,000, and now occupied as VOL. n. a Church of England training school, though originally built for the Dissenters' college. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of London, in the patron, of trustees. The church, called Christ Church, is a cruciform struc- ture, built in 1848 at a cost of 6,000. There are schools in connection with the church. The S division of the metropolitan police has a station here. HIGH-CALLERTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Ponte- land, W. div. of Castle ward, co. Northumberland, 2 miles S. of Ponteland. HIGH-CHURCH AND TRANWELL, a joint tnshp. in the par. of Morpeth, W. div. of Castle ward, co. Northumberland, half a mile from Morpeth. HIGHCLERE, a par. in the lower half of the hund. of Evingar, Kingsclere div. of co. Hants, 5 miles S. of Newbury, its post town. This place is described in Domesday Survey as belonging to the bishops of Win- chester, who had a palace here in which they occasionally resided, until the bailiwick held by them was transferred to the crown in the reign of Edward VI. It was subse- quently given to the Fitz Williams, from whom it passed to the Herberts. The present mansion, called Highclere Castle, was erected on the site of the original edifice by the Hon. Robert Herbert, the ancestor of the earls of Carnarvon, its present proprietors. The castle stands on elevated ground, 587 i'eet above sea-level, in the midst of an extensive and wooded park, above 13 miles in circumference. The building is a stately pile of great antiquity, but has recently been modernised and con- siderably enlarged. The elevated portions, with the pinnacles and perforated work, have a very imposing appearance, each angle being flanked by a tower. A magnificent and massive tower also rises on the western side. A few years ago a gigantic fireplace was dis- covered in the hall the most ancient part of the build- ing, where in feudal times the retainers were iu the habit of congregating together ; and traces of massive walls with secret passages have also been discovered. On many parts of the building are the arms in stone of the Herberts. In the interior are paintings by Vandyck, Reynolds, Gainsborough, &c. Within the park is Siddown Hill, rising 943 feet above the sea-level, and producing many rare plants. On the neighbouring hill, called Beacon Hill, are traces of a Roman camp, and in the vicinity are several barrows, in which a gold clasp, jet necklace, spear-heads, &c., have been found. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Winchester, val. 300. The church, dedicated to St. Michael, was rebuilt by the Attorney-General Sir Robert Sawyer in the reign of Charles II. It contains several interesting monu- ments. The charities produce 11 per annum. There is a National school, supported by the Earl of Car- narvon. Dr. Jeremiah Millar, the antiquary, was a native of this place. HIGH-CROSS, a hmlt. in the par. of Standon, co. Herts, 3 miles N. of Ware. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in agriculture. The living is a perpet. cur. * in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 150. The church is modern. HIGH-CROSS, a vil. in the par. of Rowington, co. Warwick, 5 miles W.N.W. of Warwick. It is situated near the Birmingham canal. HIGH-CROSS, a hmlt. in the hund. of Guthlaxton, co. Leicester, 5 miles N.W. of Lutterworth, and 13 S. of Leicester. It is supposed to occupy the site of the Roman station Bonona, where the Watling Street crosses the Fosse Way. The Cross is a meet for the Atherstone hounds. HIGH-EDGE. See EDGE, HIGH, co. Derby. HIGH-FIELD, a hmlt. in the tnshp. of Ecclesall- Bierlow, par. and borough of Sheffield, West Riding co. York, 4 miles S.W. of Sheffield. There ore numerous seats and small places of this name in almost every county of England, but not of sufficient importance to require separate notice. HIGH-FLATTS, a hmlt. in the tnshp. of Denby, and par. of Peniston, West Riding co. York, 3 miles N.W. of Peniston, and 7 from Barnsley. HIGHGATE, a chplry. and suburban vil. in the pars, of St. Pancras and Hornsey, Holborn and Fins- L L