Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/227

Rh HAVERFOfiDWEST. 219 HAVERSHAM. South Wales, 16 miles from St. David's, and 251 from i on, or 276 j by the South Wales railway, on which it is a station. Steamers come up by the river from ird and Pater. This place is the county town of Pembrokeshire, where the assizes for that county, as also for the county of the town, are held, and is a polling- place for the county. Its Welsh name is HwUfordd, and it is supposed to havo been founded in the reign of Henry I. by tho Flemings, under Gilbert de Clare, first Earl of Pembroke, who built a strong castle hero on an eminence overlooking the river Cleddy. Llewelly u- ap-.lorwerth burnt the town in 1221, and besieged the le without effect. In the reign of Edward IV. it was besieged by the French, in the interest of Owain Glyndwr, and in the civil war of Charles I. was gar- risoned for the king, but was soon taken by the parlia- mentarians, who dismantled its fortifications. There are now scarcely any remains of this once stately castle except the keep, and part of the walls retained in the construction of the county gaol. The town has recently been considerably improved, and is well paved, lighted with gas, and supplied with water. There is a guildhall, where the assizes are held ; also a market-house, custom- houe a branch of that at Milford Haven, two banks, savings-bank, tho county lunatic asylum, union poor- house, and mechanics' institute. There are also quays, to which vessels of 150 tons can come up at spring tides. Most of tho inhabitants are engaged in the coasting or local trades ; but there are several families of moderate fortune resident within tho town, while tho working classes are chiefly mechanics, there being no manufactures except one paper-mill. The imports are mostly colonial produce, and articles for consump- tion in the town and surrounding country, including timber from tho Baltic and Canada, and iron and coal from Newport. The exports are cattle, butter, stone, hard coal, and leather. The town was first chartered by Richard II., and confirmed by James I., under whose second charter it was governed till the passing of the Municipal Reform Act, when its boundaries were extended so as to include tho adjoining townships of Prendergast and Cartlett, so that tho municipal and parliamentary boroughs are now co-extensive. It is governed by a mayor, 4 aldermen, and 12 councillors, with tho style of the "mayor, sheriffs, bailiffs, and bur- gesses of the county of the town of Haverfordwest." ruder tho Reform Bill it returns one member to par- liqpient, along with the contributory boroughs of St. David's, Fishguard, and Narberth. Two newspapers, the Pembrokeshire Herald and the Milford Haven Tele- graph, are published in the town. It is the militia headquarters, and seat .of a Poor-law Union comprising Irishes, also of superintendent registry and new ly Court districts. For ecclesiastical purposes tho borough is divided into three parishes, all in the dioc. David's: viz. St. Mary's, a vie., val. 121 the li, which was restored in 1862, is a largo structure with timber roof, stalls, and several monuments ; St. ma's, a reel., val. 319, in the patron, of the lord
 * St. Martin's, a perpet. cur., val. 80 which

last is the most ancient of the three churches. There impels belonging to the Independents, Weslcyans, Moravians, Baptists, Primitive and Calvinistic Method- i j also almshouses and an hospital. Tho charities ice about 500 per annum, including Parrott's cha- 250, for the improvement of the town, and r's charity of 160, for the maintenance of five decayed burgesses. There are two public schools viz. I's Grammar School, with an income from endow- "f 150, and two exhibitions at Brasenoso College, ! : rid Tasker's school, with an income of about ' the instruction of children of this borough, I tin; parishes of Rudbaxton and Stcynton. There we remains of a priorv of Black Canons, founded hero liy Robert de Hwllfordd ; and at Prendergast is an old moated houso.- Tho Lawrenny hounds hunt round hero. Saturday is market day. I'niiH arc held for cattle and lire itock on tho 12th May, 12th June, 18th July, 23rd Kuptrmlirr, and 18th October. HAVERGATE* ISLAND, an ext. par. place in the hund. of Plomesgate, co. Suffolk, 2 miles S.W. of Orford. It is situated on the Havon. HAVERHILL, a par. and small town in the hunds. of Risbridge and Hinckford, cos. Suffolk and Essex, 20 miles S.W. of Bury St. Edmund's, and 25 N. of Chelmsford, and is a station on the Colne Valley and Halsteadbranch of the Great Eastern railway. It had formerly a castle of the Greys of Codnor. The town consists of one street, nearly 1 mile in length, of which the eastern extremity is in Essex, and tho southern in Suffolk. Previous to the conflagration of 16G5, it was a place of more importance than at present, and was until recently a market town. It contains the Risbridge union poorhouse, erected in 1838, a branch bank, savings-bank, and extensive ale and porter breweries. The manufacture of umbrella silk and "drabbet" has superseded that of fustian, which was formerly the staple trade : some hands are also employed in straw-plait. The impropriate tithes have been com- muted for a rent-charge of 656 14>. Gel., and the vicarial for 220. Tho living is a vie. in the dioc. of Ely, val. 125. Tho church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a largo aud ancient structure. Tho Baptists and Independents havo chapels, and there is a National school. Many ancient coins have been found in the churchyard. HAVERHOLME PRIORY, an ext. par. place in the wap. of Flaxwell, parts of Kesteven, co. Lincoln, 3 miles N.E. of Sleaford. It consists of an island formed by two branches of tho river Slca, and was formerly tho site of a priory of nuns and canons of tho strict order of St. Gilbert of Scmpringham, founded in 1139. Its revenue at the Dissolution was estimated at 88 5s. M., when tho lands were given by Henry VIII. to tho Clin- tons. It is at present laid out as an extensive and well- wooded park stocked with deer, the seat of the Countess Dowager of Winchilsea and Nottingham. The mansion is an old Tudor structure considerably modernised. HAVERING-ATTE-BOWEK, a lib. in co. Essex, contains tho pars, of Havering-atte-Bower, Hornehurch, and Romford, comprising together 12,550 acres. HAVERING-ATTE-BOWER, a par. in the lib. of tho same name, co. Essex, 3 miles N. of Romford, and 14 from London. It is situated near Hainault Forest, and was a demesne of tho Saxon kings, and a favourite residence of Edward the Confessor, who built a palace here, of which there arc some remains. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 75. Tho church, dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, is sup- posed to have been the royal chapel attached to the palace. It was thoroughly repaired in 1836 by Wyatt, at a cost of 500. It contains a very ancient font, and a monument to Sir J. Burges, Bart. There is a National school with an endowment of 10 per annum. HAVERIN GLAND, or HAVERLAND, a par. in the hund. of Eynsford, co. Norfolk, 4 miles S.W. of Aylsham, and 8 N.W. of Norwich. Here was formerly a chapel, founded by William Gisncto as a cell to the convent of Wymondham. A large part of the parish is occu- pied by Haveringham Park, which contains a consi- derable sheet of water and some very fine timber, especially oak, birch, and Spanish chestnut. Tho Hall is a new building of Bath stone, of the Corinthian order of architecture. It was built by and is tho property of Edward Fellowes, Esq., who is lord of the manor and impropriator of the great tithes. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 03. Tho church, dedicated to St. Peter, is a small structure with a circular tower, situated in the park. There is a school, built in 1848 at the cost of Edward Fellowes, Esq. HAVERSHAM, a par. in tho hund. of Newport, co. Bucks, 3 miles S.W. of Newport Pagnel. It is situated on the N. side of the river Ouse, near the Grand Junction canal and tho London and North-Westorn railway. The village is small, and chiefly agricultural. The tithes were commuted for land and a money payment under an Enclosure Act in 1764. Tho manor formerly belonged to the Thompson family, who took from it the title of baron. Tho living is a rect.* in tho dioc. of Oxford,