Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/186

Rh HAMFALLOW. 178 HAMMERSMITH. on the farms. The tithes have been commuted for a rent-charge. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Ely, val. 445. The church, dedicated to All Saints, has a square tower, formerly surmounted by a spire, which was destroyed by lightning. J. C. Smith Barry, Esq., is lord of the manor. HAMFALLOW, a hmlt. in the par. of Berkeley, upper div. of the hund. of Berkeley, co. Gloucester, near Berkeley. HAM-FARM, a hmlt. in the par. of Bletchingly, first div. of the hund. of Tandridge, co. Surrey, 5 miles E. of Keigate. HAMFORDSHOE, a hund. in the co. Northampton. It contains the pars, of Mears Ashby, Great Deddington, Earls-Barton, Ecton, Holcot, Sywell, Wellingbro, and Wilby, comprising 16,530 acres. HAM GREEN, a tythg. in the par. of Portbury, co. Somerset, 5 miles W. of Bristol. There are several other small places of this name, one 5 miles E. of Chat- ham, another near Ross, and a third in Buckinghamshire, about 8 miles N.W. of Aylesbury. HAMILTON, a par., post and market town, parlia- mentary borough and burgh of barony, in the Middle Ward district of co. Lanark, Scotland. The parish is about 6 miles square, and contains Fernigair and Lark- hall, besides the town of Hamilton. It is bounded by Dalziel, Bothwell, Stonehouse, and Blantyre. A clay soil prevails in the uplands. Though it may not be called a fertile district, yet the soil of the valleys is of average quality and well cultivated. The river Clyde traces part of the north-eastern boundary, and is here joined by the Avon, which crosses the south-eastern part of the parish. Several small tributaries to these rivers, abounding in fish, issue from the hills, and traverse the parish in different directions. Limestone, freestone, whinstone, and fuller's earth, are worked, and iron ore and coal are found. Previous to the reign of Robert II. the whole parish was named Cadzow or Cadyou, but after its acquisition by Sir Walter de Humeldon or Hamilton, of Hambleton, in Leicestershire, a descendant of the first Earl of Leicester, its name was changed to Hamilton, and the parish was subsequently augmented by the district of Machan, now Dalserf. The old vil. of Netherton, which stood at some distance to the E., was superseded by the present town of Hamilton, which was erected into a burgh of barony in the middle of the 15th century by the Ha- miltons, and was chartered as a royal burgh by Queen Mary, but did not exercise its privileges. Hamilton gives name to a presb. in the synod of Glasgow and Ayr. The livings are a first and second charge, val. each 314. The church and lands were granted by David I. to the bishops of Glasgow. In 1451 it was made a collegiate charge for a provost and prebendary, under the patron, of James Lord Hamilton, who erected a Gothic church, which was removed in 1732, upon the building of the present church by Adams, except that portion used as the family vault of the Hamiltons. In 1650 Cromwell sent a detachment under General Lambert into Hamilton, and an action took place about 2 miles from the town. The Covenanters were also defeated at "Bothwell Brig" in this parish, by the Duke of Mon- mouth, in 1679. The town of Hamilton, 14 miles N.W. of Lanark, and 38 from Edinburgh, is situated on the river Clyde, a little above its juncture with the Avon, and on the road from Glasgow to Carlisle. It is a station on the Glasgow and Hamilton branch railway. The town contains the county buildings, town-house, prison, cavalry barracks, gas-works, five banks, trades hall, market-houses, several insurance agencies, five good inns, mechanics' institution, and subscription library. The headquarters of the county militia are stationed here. The schools and charities of Hamilton are excellent, in- cluding Hamilton's hospital for fourteen aged men, Aik- man's hospital for four men, and the mortifications of Rae, Robertson, Lyon, and Miss Allan, which go towards the relief of the needy. Besides the Established and Free churches, there are four United Presbyterian churches, Episcopalian, Independent, and Roman Catholic chapels, also several meeting-houses. The grammar school is of ancient foundation, and St. John's seminaries are amo: the principal educational establishments. A fi ve-arche> bridge crosses the Clyde on the Edinburgh road, and both the Clyde and Avon are spanned by several br' " in different parts of their course through this pa The town was erected into a burgh of regality in 1548 but it did not share in parliamentary privileges unti 1832, when by the Reform Bill it was joined with Fal- kirk, Lanark, Liulithgow, and Airdrie, in sending one representative to parliament. The constituency in 1861 was 365, the corporation revenue in 1859-60, 1,120, and the annual value of real property in the same year, 21,179. The government of the town is vested under the late Act in a provost, 2 bailies, town clerk, and 12 councillors. The manufacture of lace was formerly carried on, but has been superseded by muslin weaving cambric spinning, and the manufacture of hosiery Many handicrafts are also carried on, as, shoemakers, colliers, nailers, and lace printers. At a short distance from the town is Hamilton Palace, the seat of the dukes of Hamilton and Brandon, surrounded by a finely-timbered park of 1,600 acres, formerly called the Orchard. Some portions of the building are as old as 1591, but the greater part was rebuilt in 1695-96, and considerable additions made to it in 1822. The picture gallery, the first in Scot- land, contains works by Vandyck, Rubens, Correggio, Rembrandt, Guido, Salvator Rosa, and other of the an- cient masters. There are also several fine pieces of sculp- ture and marbles. In the park are remains of the colle- giate church founded in 1451 by the first Lord Hamilton. In this neighbourhood are also Cadzow old castle, a royal seat of the early kings of Scotland, and celebrated by Sir Walter Scott in one of his ballads ; Barncluith Cottage, commanding a fine view; and Chatelherault Castle, built by Adams in imitation of Chatelherault in Poictou, which Henry II. of France gave with a ducal title to the Regent Arran. It is also celebrated for its fine oak trees, said to be the largest in Scotland, and for a herd of wild cattle similar to the Chillingham breed Races take place in the immediate vicinity of the town, where is a race stand. Friday is market day. Fairs are held on the last Tuesday in January, the second Thurs- day in February, Friday after 16th May, last Thursday in June, and second Thursday in July and November (old style). HAMILTON'S BAWN, a vil. in the par. of Mullagh- brack, in the bar. of Lower Fews, eo. Armagh, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 2 miles S. of Richhill. It is situated on the road from thence to Dundalk. In 1641 the village was destroyed, and the inhabitants were subjected to great cruelties. Hamilton's Bawn is the subject of some lines by Dean Swift. On the summit of a hill in the vicinity are the ruins of a castle or bawn. Fairs are held in May and November. HAMINIOG, a tnshp. in the par. of Llanrhystyd, lower div. of the hund. of Har, co. Cardigan, 6 miles N.E. of Aberayron. It is situated near the sea-coast, and contains Henbolin. HAMLET, NORTH and SOUTH, ext. par. places adjoining the par. of St. Mary-de-Lode, hund. of Middle Dudstone, co. Gloucester, 2 miles from Gloucester. HAMLETS, a tnshp. in the par. of Lanchester, co. Durham, 7 miles N.W. of Durham. It is united with Lanehester to form a township. HAMMER AND PINCERS, THE, a hmlt. in the tushp. of Ditton, par. of Prescot, co. Lancaster, 1 mile N.W. of Runcorn, and 4 miles S.E. of Prescot. It is situated near the Manchester section of the London and North- Western railway. The chief employment of the inhabitants is the manufacture of watch tools and watch works. HAMMERSMITH, a par. and suburban district in the Kensington div. of the hund. of Ossulstone, co. Middlesex, 6 miles S.W. of St. Paul's. It is a station on the Kew section of the North London railway. Th parish is situated on the river Thames, and comprise Brook Green, Pallenwick, and Shepherd's Bush. I was formerly part of Fulham, but is now a distinc A creek which extends from the Thames to th