Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 2.djvu/10

Rh FAILSWORTH. FAIRHILL. of Salford, co. palatine Lancaster, 1 mile "W. of Koch- dale. FAILSWOETH, a tnshp. in the par. of Manchester, hund. of Salford, co. palatine Lancaster, 4 miles H.B. of Manchester. The Eochdale canal and Lancashire and Yorkshire railway pass in the vicinity. This town- ship has vastly increased in population of late years, and contains many weU-huilt houses, occupied by the mer- chants and manufacturers of Manchester. The living is a pcrpet. cur. in the dioc. of Manchester, val. 250, in the patron, of the crown and bishop alternately. There is a National school. FAIR, one of the Shetland Isles, in the par. of Dun- rossness, Scotland. It lies 29 miles S.W. of Sumburgh Head, halfway between the islands of Orkney and Shetland. It is 3 miles long by 2 broad. The surface is chiefly hilly pasture, with a dangerous rocky coast. The Sheep Craig is 480 feet above the sea. At Strom- ceiler Creek, the admiral of the Spanish Armada was wrecked in 1588. The island is inhabited on. the S. side only, chiefly by fishing families. " Trowie glovo ' ' sponges and copper ore are found here. The parish minister generally visits the island for two weeks in the year. . FAIRBURN, a tnshp. in the par. of Ledsham, upper div. of the -wap. of Barkstone-Ash, West Riding co. York, 2 miles S. of Ledsham, and 4 N.E. of Pontefract. It is situated on the river Aire, and the North Midland railway passes through the township. Limestone is ex- tensively quarried. The Independents and Primitive Methodists have each a chapel, and there is a village school, supported by Lady Palmerston and others. Lord Palmerston is lord of the manor. FAIRCROSS HUNDRED, one of the 20 subdivisions of Berkshire, situated in the south-western part of the co., and bounded on the N. by the hund. of Compton, on the E. by the huud. of Reading, on the S. by tho river Embome, and on the W. by the hund. of Kintbury Eagle. It contains the pars, of Beedon, Boxford, Bright Walton, Brimpton, Chieveley, Frilsham, Hampstead- Nprris, Newbury, Peasemore, Shaw, Speen, Stanford- Dingley, Wasing, "VVelford, Yatterdon, and part of Thatcham, comprising an area of nearly 50,000 acres. FAIRDREF, a hmlt. in the par. of Llandyssil, co. Cardigan, 7 miles E. of Newcastle Emlyn. FAIREST, a vil. in the chplry. of Bradfield, West Riding co. York, 7 miles N.W. of Sheffield. FAIRFIELD, a chplry. in the par. of Hope, hund. of High Peak, co. Derby, 1 mile N.E. of Buxton, its post town. It is situated on the banks of the river Wye, which separates it from Buxton. Here is a spring of mineral water, and a good hotel. Tho land is almost entirely meadow and pasture, with about 170 acres of woodland. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Lichfield, val. 79. The chapel is a newly built edifice, standing on the site of the old one. It is dedicated to St. Peter. The charities, including the endowment of Swan's school, produce about 40 per annum. The Wesleyans have a chapel. The Duke of Devonshire is lord of the manor. FAIRFIELD, a par. in the hund. of Aloesbridge, lathe of Shepway, co. Kent, 7 miles N.W. of New Romney, its post town. The Appledore station on the South- Eastern railway is about 2 miles N. of the parish. There is no village, only a few farmhouses. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Canterbury, val. 57. The church is a small brick edifice, dedicated to St. Thomas-a-Becket. The register commences in 1570. FAIRFIELD, a vil. in tho tnshp. of Droglsden, co, palatine Lancaster, 4 miles E. of Manchester. The Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire railway has a station here. The people are employed as cotton spin- ners. The Moravians have a settlement in this place. FAIRFIELD, a hmlt. in the par. of Stogursey, co Somerset, 7 miles N.W. of Bridgwater. Here is a meet for the West Somerset hounds. FAIRFIELD, a hill in co. Westmoreland, 4 miles N.A. of Ambleside. It is situated at Rydale Head and rises to the height of 2,950 feet, commanding an extensive prospect of sea, lakes, and mountains. FAIRFIELD, a vil. in the hund. of West Derby, co. jancaster, 2 miles N.E. of Liverpool ; has a handsome ,hurch dedicated to St. John, and may be described as a 'village of villa residences." FAIRFiELD HEAD, a tnshp. and chplry. in the par. of Allstonpfield, N. div. of the hund. of Totmonslow, rom Leek, where there is a station on the North Stafford- hire railway. The vil. is very small, consisting only of about half a dozen houses, but the tnshp. is large, and includes the hmlts. of Hulme End, Reap's Moor, Newtown, and Wigginstall. The river Manifold flows hrough the place. There is a small church at New- own, and one at Reap's Moor; the same minister serving it each alternately. The Wesleyans have chapels in the tamlets, and there is an endowed free school at Reap's jloor. In the neighbourhood is Beresford Hall, now in i ruinous state, formerly a seat of the noble family of that name. Within this township is the fishing cottage of zaak Walton, on the bank of the river Dove, erected by us friend, Cotton, the poet. Viscount Beresford and Sir J. H. Crowe, Bart., are the lords of the manor. FAIRFIELD MANOR, a hmlt. in the par. of Bel- iroughton, co. Worcester, 3 miles N. of Bromsgrove. besides the above places there are many private seats, n England, Scotland, and Ireland, bearing the name of ^airfield. FAIRFORD, a par. and market town, in the hund. of Brightwells-Barrow, co. Gloucester, 4 miles N.W. of Lechlade, and 23 S.E. of Gloucester. The nearest railway station is Faringdon Road, about 16 miles S.E. of the ,own. Fairford is situated on the river Colne, which is icro crossed by two bridges. In the Domesday Survey it is mentioned as a crown manor ; afterwards it be- longed to the Clares, and passed through several families to the Barkers. The town consists mainly of one street, and is lighted with gas. There are a library and reading- room. Petty sessions are held here once a month, and there is a police station ; also a private lunatic asylum. The townspeople are mostly employed in the cloth manu- facture. Fairford gives name to a deanery, in the arch- deac. of Bristol, and dioc. of Gloucester and Bristol. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Gloucester and Bris- tol, val. 432, in the patron, of the Dean and Chapter. The church is a handsome edifice in the perpendicular style of architecture with a large number of stained-glass windows, illustrative of various Scripture subjects. It ia dedicated to St. Mary, and has a brass of John Tame, a London merchant, who built the church in the 15th cen- tury. The parochial endowments produce nearly 330 per annum, 126 of which is for the free school of the Hon. Mrs. Farmer, and about 70 arising from a bequest by Lady Mico for apprenticing poor boys. The Baptists and Independents hare each a chapel. Various Roman remains have been found ia the vicinity. The Marquis of Downshire takes the title of viscount from this place. Thursday is market day, and fairs are held on the 14th May and 12th November. FAIRHAUGH, a tnshp. in the par. of Allenton, W. div. of the ward of Coquetdale, co. Northumber- land, 12 miles N.W. of Rothbury, in the neighbourhood of Shill Moor. FAIR-HEAD, or BENMORE, a promontory on the coast of the bar. of Carey, co. Antrim, prov. of Ulster, Ireland. It rises 636 feet above tho sea between the bays of Ballycastle and Marlough, and is a noble head- land, composed of huge greenstone columns, upon a foundation of coal strata 300 feet in thickness. Towards the sea it presents an inclined plane, strewn on all sides with gigantic masses of rock dislodged by tho incessant action of the Atlantic. A good view is gained by a chasm leading from the Grey Man's path. There is a curious cave on the extreme summit called the Pict's House, thought to be artificial. FAIRHILL, a vil. in the bar. of Ross, co. Galway, prov. of Connaught, Ireland, 8 miles N. of Oughterard. It stands between Loughs Corrib and Mask ; and from its elevated position commands an imposing view. Here is a dispensary within the Ballinrobe Poor-law Union.
 * o. Stafford, 7 miles S. of Buxton, its post town, and 9