Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/938

Rh 928 KXFOIJU. interior is magnificent : tho vaulted stone roof of the utiiins tli<- minstiel.,' Cillery, is sup- [ by dust, iv.l columns, sunii'>unt.'>l by tine pointed s, BS 18 also tha: 11. which i fioiu 111'' iiav by a s-n. ii of exquisite workman-hip. Tho episcopal throne ill tin: choir is of black "ilk, ratoly carve I ; it vv.. wards tho close of the 16th century, and rises to the h Tho iiiiiiiiiiiionts are numerous, ini ludinir one to tin- famous Humphrey do liolmn, several to the Courtenays, anopied brass of 1455, also a brass of a priest, 111::, a monument to General Simcoe by Flaxman, one to North- cote liy Chantrey, &c. The cliupter-house is in k with the cathedral, and has a handsome oak r..of. In it are preserved the original Exon Donu .King Stephen's Norman charter, granted in 1136, writ: parchment Itijt inches by Ij, with |art of tho seal at- tached : also the cathedral library, containing about 8,000 volumes. The organ is one of tho largest in Europe, having pipes nearly '23 feet in height, and 4 feet in circumference. The bell in the X. tower, called the " Peter Bell," weighs 12,500 Ibs., second only to the Great Tom of Oxford ; in the same tower is a large clock of antique workmanship; and in the S. tower is a peal of 11 bells, being one of the heaviest penis in the kingdom, the tenor weighing 2,000 Ibs. Tin; m edifices worthy of notice are the guildhall, in Hull- street, a massive structure, erei ted in 1464 it contains portraits ol the Princess Henrietta and Gen. nil Monk, by Lely; sessions-house, theatre, royal subscription-' for balls and concerts, built in 1820, county gaol, by lilaek- burn, city prison, bridewell, cavalry and artillery barracks, Custom House, situated in the Quay, six banks, West of England Insurance Office, savings-bank, ath. mourn, De- von and Exeter Institution, founded in 1813, for the pro- motion of arts, literary and mechanics' institutes, museum connected with the Polytechnic Institution, founded in 1847, the iron bridge to St. David's Hill, the new bridge in Fore-sti bishop's palace, built by Bishop Courtcntty, the deanery, on the site of an ancient nun- nery, Devon and Exeter Hospital, founded by Dean Clark, and a lunatic asylum. In Queen-street is situated the district bankruptcy court for tho counties of Devon, Dorset, Cornwall, and West Somerset ; it is a handsome building, completed in 1850, and also accommodates the business of the post-office and stamp-office. Tho city possesses two spacious covered markets, recently d, at a cost of 88,220, under tho provisions of nn Act of Parliament. The eastern market, situated in Queen-street, is of the Doric order, built chiefly of granite and Bath stone, and is appropriated to butchers' meat, fish, fruit, and vegetables. The western market is in Fore-street, and is occupied mainly by butchers' stalls and corn and seed factors ; over the front entrance is a large room appropriated to tho Government School of Art. A new park has re- cently been enclosed and planted, called Victoria 1'ark, formerly known as Berry Meadow. There are twenty- four churches and episcopal chapels in the city and suburbs, but none of them remarkable for architectural elegance or antiquity. The livings of the sixteen parishes within tho walls are all reels.,* varying in value from ilS to -_TJ. The livings of all the churches without the walls are perpet. curs. There are two Independent chapeli, two Baptist, a Prosbvterian, and several other pianos of worship for Methodists and Unitarians, a Friends' mecting-h. n < 'atholic chapel, and a synagogue. The charitable institutions of various kinds are numerous ; they comprise the ] >.-v. >n and Exeter Hospital, for tho sick and indiu in 1747, containing 200 beds j.irtJy liy endow- ment; a dispensary, deaf and dumb institution, infirmary, p. nit> ntiaiy, lying-in charity, humane society, strangers' friend society, besides a number of minor charities, and endowed almshouses for about 1JU aged poor. The income of the various charities amounts to several th" -ids. Thero are numerous public schools, endowed .ml charity, besides a of art, two schools for training dome'stic servants, and thirteen serninari. .-. devoted to infant training. The -rammar school in High-street was founded by
 * i/riis iu tin' reign of I Lj it occupi.

buil.ii John - II -pital, loiinded in I 1 .' an Austin ji;i,.ry, and was enlarged and a new li.mt r i. i- la the univi i : and Cambridge, and was once under th" m.istoiship ol I,eni]>iiere, tl. !>h. r. The other : 'mal endowment is II dation, derived from t) . states in 1 ' shire, 1. It in trust by K. Hole in liilfj to the Mayn.irds, to appropriate them to " some; godly purposes and charitable uses." These for above 200 years were administered by the descendants of Sir .1." M ivnard, without being accountable in any mami.-r lor* their application, but sine, the late proceedings in Chai they ! estcd in the (town, which, on up] tion of the citizens, has distribute d it in the following manner, viz. 1,.50U tor building a boys' school, with I 300 a y. ntinual mainte- nance; 1,000 for buii : h .. ol, with A'-OO a year for its maintenance; 400 for .in infants' school, with 100 a year for its main: 400 for a girls' school, with 150 a year for its mainti -nance. Besides these are the blue-coat school, Exeter British school, and above fifty day schools. In the city are published the Ktrter. J'ly. ''.. The chief ant iquit" f the [.lit, built by William the Conqueror on the site . . : ss (some say of Julius
 * the West Saxon kings: and the an

Saxon gateway, which still remar ; with ivy. NVir it were discovered, in 177 > coins, &c. Parts of the city walls, which were half a mile by throe-eighths, still remain, andallord very line' views of tho surrounding country. In tho vicin camps and of Roman roads, leading to 1 Moliand, and Colluni]>ton, the last forming a portion of the famous Port Way. Kcter diocese, composed > old sees of Crediton and St. i of Canterbury; it ex! and Cornwall, and the Scilly Islands. the archdeaconries of K. t. r, liamstaple, T"tn. -s, and ' wall, subdivided into 23 deaneries and 588 1" which 42 arc in the patronage of tho bishop. Among the prelates who occupied this see were Covordal. , Hall, Ward, Trelawney, and Blackburn. Tho chapter consists of a dean, chancellor, the 4 archdeacons, nubdean, prc- ', 7 canons, and 17 prebendaries. Exelei is th scat ot a i'oor-law I'nion and sup.Tintendi'nt registry, co-extensive with the city, and the hood of a now County Court and excise districts, which take several of tho adjoining parishes. Amongst the illustrious jiorsons born in the city may be mentioned Cardina: archbishops Iscanus and Baldwin, Sir I founder ol the libr.iry at Oxford, Sir S. liaskerville, tho physician, Lock nnd Jackson, musician ' - and i, the poctx, I >' I'll, v, the wit, Hudson, the in of Reynolds, Walker, the defender of Londonderry, and Joanna Soiitheote. The ( ',, il family takes the titles of earl and marquis from this place. Tuesday, Friday, and Saturday are maiket days, but a daily mark hold for fish', fruit, . I id on the third Wednesday in February and .May, on the last Wednes- day in July, and on tho second Wednesday in Uecember. take plaeo in July on llaldon Hill, the new race- oni' mile. KXFOKD, a par. in the liund. of Carhami>to! Somerset, 7 mil.- N.W. of Ihilvcrton, and Id S.W. ..f Mm. head, its post town. It is situated on tho river Exe, over which is a stone bridge of three arches. Tho main rond from Mindieid to Exmoor Forest panel through tho jarish. There are vestiges of the ami. nt iron-works in which tradition says tho entire wood of the adjoining forest was consumed. The living is in the ,, ti and Wells, val. t'JSII, in the patron, of tho Mastor and Follows of Pctorhouse, ( lunoridM. The church is a stone structure with a lofty tow. r. It is dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene'. Tho