Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/893

Rh EDINBURGHSHIRE. 883 EDINGTON. maintained by the county at an annual expense of 10,181), or 17 Is. 4rf. per head. The employments of the people are variously distributed between trade, commerce, manu- facture, labourers, servants, independent persons, learned professions, and farmers. The first three include nearly one-fifth of the whole population, though Edinburgli is by no means a manufacturing county. Home-made paper first issued from this county, and is still the staple manufacture, employing about "4,000 hands. Paper- mills exist at Coliiiton, Pennycuick, Currie, Lasawade, Balerno, Polton, Auchendinny, and various other places on the rivers of Leith and Esk. Besides these there are numerous mills for corn, meal, sawing, fulling, snufl', flax, and other purposes. In 1835 a large silk-mill was erected on the banks of the Union canal, a little to the W. of the city of Edinburgh, but this branch of manu- facture has not been so successful as was anticipated. The building, which has been much enlarged, is now occupied by the North British Rubber Company. The other manufactures, including flax, rope-walks, soap, candles, spirits, leather, printing, book-binding, hair, glass, brass, iron, nails, stockings, pottery, coach-building, shawls, and cotton, are chiefly carried on within the city of Edinburgh and the port of Leith. The only powder- mills in Scotland are situated at Stobbs and Roslin, within this county. The mineral productions of Edin- burghshirc are coal, which is extensively wrought, lime- stone, ironstone, building stone, and traces of copper at Currie. Gems used to be abundant, but arc now rarely met with. There are several chalybeate and sulphu- reous springs, as Corstorphine, St. Bernard's Well, Mid- Calder, Pennycuick, St. Catherine's, and Cramond. The antiquities scattered through the county are nume- rous, and of all periods of history, as Druid remains at Kirknewton and Heriot Hill ; cairns at Colinton, Borth- wick, and Mid-Calder; Roman stations at Cramond, Borthwick, and Inveresk ; camps at Crichton, Penny- cuick, Heriot, Liberton, Lasswade, and Ratho ; also a pillar or battle-stone at Kirkliston; besides numerous ancient castles and ruined churches, each of which has a history of its own, and will be mentioned under the parishes in which they are situated, as Lenox Tower, where Queen Mary lived ; Baherton, the hunting seat of James VI. ; Dalkeith, the stronghold of the Grahams and Douglases, visited by Froissart, &c. The seats of the nobility and gentry are very numerous, and some almost regal in magnificence, as Dalkeith Palace, of the Duke of Buccleuch ; Duddingston House, of the Mar- quis of Abercorn ; Newbattle Abbey, of the Marquis of Lothian, where formerly stood the famous abbey ; Dal- housie Castle, of the Marquis of Dalhousie ; Dalmahoy House, of the Earl of Morton ; Oxenford Castle, of the Earl of Stair ; Melville Castle, of Viscount Melville ; Calder House, of Lord Torpichen, and in which Knox first celebrated the sacrament after the reformed manner; Colinton House, of Lord Dunfermline ; Dalmeny, of the lEarl of Rosebery ; Hailes House, of Carmichael, Bart. ; Pennycuick House, of Clark, Bart. ; Prestonfield, of Dick Cunningham, Bart. ; Greenhill, of Stewart Forbes, .Bart. ; Pinkie House, of Sir Archibald Hope, Bart. ; Hawthornden, of Sir J. Walker Drummond, Bart. ; IV. i -h wood, of Sir David Dundas, Bart.; Coniston, of Forrest, Bart. ; Clifton Hall, of Maitland, Bart. ; Woodhouselee, with its ancient tower, of Tytler ; nd the principal roads in the county diverge from the metropolis. The North British main line takes an east- 'vard direction through Inveresk to Berwick-upon- fweed, where it communicates with the English lines.
 * md numerous others. All the great lines of railway
 * branch of this line goes off in a south-eastward direc-

, jion to Peebles, Selkirk, Hawick, and Kelso. The Edin- j rrgh, Perth, and Dundee, recently amalgamated with ! ihe North British line, traverses only about 5 miles of l-flie county in a direct line, to North Leith and Granton.
 * 'he Edinburgh and Glasgow lino traverses about Smiles

ml the county in a W. direction, by Corstorphine, Gogar, 1 1: id Norton. The Caledonian lino traverses 20 miles of e rounty in a southerly direction, bySlateford, Currie, jl id-Calder and Harbum. The roads may be grouped into nine heads one leading along the coast, by Porto- hello, to Haddington, Berwick-upon-Tweed, and the E. of England ; another, leading to Lauder and Kelso, passes through Dalkeith to Fala, at which point it quits the county, 15 miles from Edinburgh; a third road passes through Newbattle and Middleton to Selkirk and Carlisle, or, by another route, through Jedburgh to Newcastlc-on-Tyne ; a fourth passes through Roslin and Pennycuick to Peebles ; a fifth passes through Morningside to Biggar and Dumfries ; a sixth through the villages of Slateford and Currio to Lanark; a seventh through East-Gilder and Whitburn to Glasgow; an eighth through Corstorphine and Kirkliston, whence one branch leads to Bathgato and Glasgow, another to Linlithgow, Falkirk, and Stirling ; a ninth road passes through the suburb of Dean to Queen's ferry, 10 miles, where a steam-boat crosses the Forth, continuing the great road to Perth and the N. A number of cross roads intersect the county, affording ready communica- tion with all the villages, and are well repaired. EDINGALE, or EDGINGHALL, a par. partly in the N. div. of the hund. of Offlow, co. Stafford, and partly in the hund. of Repton and Gresley, co. Derby, 5 miles N.E. of Tarn-worth, its post town, and 7 N.E. of Lichficld. It is situated on the river Meese, which bounds the parish on the S. and S.W. The Haselour railway station, on the Birmingham and Derby line, is 2 miles S.W. of the village. There are some traces of a Roman raised way in the direction of Lullington in Derbyshire, and near it is a tumulus. The tithes were commuted in 1791. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Lichfield, val. 80. in the patron, of the bishop. The church is a plain brick structure dedicated to the Holy Trinity. Buckeridge, the antiquary, for some time held the living. The charities produce about 4 per annum. The Earl of Lichfield is lord of the manor. EDINGLEY, a par. in the lib. of Southwell and wap. of Thurgarton, co. Nottingham, 3 miles N.W. of Southwell, its post town and nearest railway station, and 8 S.E. of Mansfield. The hmlts. of Greaves Lane and Osmond Thorpe are included in this par. The tithes were commuted for land under an Enclosure Act in 1777. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 51, in the patron, of the Chapter of the Collegiate Church of Southwell. The church is a small structure dedicated to St. Giles. The western doorway is of great antiquity. There is a day school with a small endow- ment, and a Sunday school. The Archbishop of York is lord of the manor. The manor-house, a very old edi- fice, is the principal residence. EDINGTHORPE, a par. in the hund. of Tunstead, co. Norfolk, 3 miles N.E. of Walsham, its post town. It is situated near the sea- coast and the river Ant, and forms part of the Tunstead and Happing incorporation. The parish is of small extent, and the land chiefly arable, with about 30 acres of furze and waste. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 201. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a small ancient structure with a round tower. The nave is separated from the chancel by a beautiful screen. The register commences in 1558. The tithes have been commuted for a rent- charge. EDINGTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Mitford, W. div. of Castle ward, co. Northumberland, 4 miles S.W. of Morpeth. It formerly belonged to the monastery of Newminster. EDINGTON, a tythg. in the par. of Hungerford, hund. of Kentbury Eagle, co. Berks. It is situated on the river Kennet, in the vicinity of Hungerford. It was the Ethanduit of the Saxons, and said to bo the place where King Alfred, disguised as a harper, dis- covered the designs of his enemies, the Danes, and put them to flight. EDINGTON, a par. in the hund. of Whorwelsdown, formerly written Jf'ervelesdon, co. Wilts, 3 miles N.E. of Westbury, its post town and railway station, and 6 S.E. of Trowbridge. The par., which is of large extent, includes also the tythgs. of Baynton, West Couls- ton, and Tinhead. The land is nearly evenly divided