Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/86

Rh ANT, 70 ANTKIM a mile to tho north of Portrush; the Giant's Causeway ; tin ]iromontory ie t t < it, ! 1; the island of to liallycastle Bay ; and lienmore, or . point "!' tie same bay. Along theea I Say, so called from tho red which i- conspicuous time; Gleiiaim Kay, off which arc the nd lighthouse; Lame Lough, enclosed on the east by tho peninsula called Island Magee. and funning an excellent harbour; Black ll.a.l. and ll'ilast Lough and harbour, at tho southern- most point of the coast. There are twenty-three coast- guard stations, on which about 140 men are employed. Tho only canal in the county is the Lagan Navigation or Belfast canal. It was ^n of George III., and conn. ith Lough Ncagh. Its u in county Antrim is 22 miles audit is capable of admitting ships of 50 tons burden. The climate of An- trim is generally dr and healthy. Tho soil is various in quality ; over the greater part of the county it is light ; along the river valleys it is, better, and fit for wheat crops; the best is perhaps that in the Lagan valley. The farms are usually small. The fishery districts ore those of Bal- lycastlo and ( 'urrickfergus, which comprise 121 miles of coast, including tho bays. Above 1,000 boats ore engaged, and about 3,1)00 hands. The liah taken arc cod, ling, conger, A:e. Then; is a salmon fishery at Carrick-a- i and in several other places. But tho chief occii] of tho inhabitants is tho linen manufacture. It has boon carried on from very early times in Ireland, and was (-specially promoted in tho north by Lord Stratloi.l. It w:.s the ..-nts during the 17th and 1st! . and grow so important that parliament granted 12,000 a .-ar for its protection. The division of labour and the aid of machinery appears to have bei-ii fir.st applied in the manufacture) in i 1'.. ll'.ist is tho great market, and Lisburn and its district the great scat of tho manufacture. There ore also cotton and woollen manufactures. The former was iiitr. in 1777. The first twist mill was erected near Belfast in 178 1. (It her branches of manufacture are damasks, canvas, and rope ; paper, leather, glass, and iron. The influence of manufacturing industry in this county is strongly marked by the progressive increase in the popu- lation and wuilth of two of its principal towns, Bi-llu-t and i is. while every other part of Ireland, I t the county of Dublin, has been rapidly decreasing. Tho average population of tho county shows a decrease of only 28,77* in the lust 20 years, having been returned in!811 at 276,1 88, against 247,4 14 in 1861. Thisdecreaso would have been much greater only for the uncxuv prosperity of Belfast, which has increased from 75,308 to 1 19,242 or 33'19 per cent. There are numerous interest- ing relics of ancient times in tho county. They consist chiefly of cairns and i : The principal cairn is ho Colin Hill, a little to the north of l.isburn. Others are found on Slievo True and Colinwanl most interesting cromlech is at Cairn-grain.-, mar the rond from Belfast to Templepatrick. Others are at at Druid and I-land Magee. The remains of cn- hmcnts arc very numerous and in great variety Two hundred and thirty exist in the two parishes of Killeud and Muekninon-, besides ten t urthworks. There are also si Donegore, Kilconw ay. Dun- maul, Dunmacaltar, A are four of th brated round towers in tho county at Antrim. Armov, Trumuicrv, and on Ram's Island in tho great lough M monastic douses there are Glcii.imi, Glymi, A.-. Tic iiickfergus is the i nly ancient fortress in good preservation ; ruins of the entrance to |.ariie I.oui/h; C.i-tle ( 'hi. ; !:! P.ay Castle, Court Martin, near Cushendall ; 1 i.-tle in the I-land of liathlin, Dunliice, t the Mchoiinills, in Hiking the D'Nei several ii.' under He.! :, moth, r under 1 ' Hill, and several others. There are chalylxmtc springs llycastlc and Knoi-klayd, :i niiiou- -pring at I root, and Kill mansion* an the following: ll.'il'a.st, the seat of il..- M i Donegal; ulonan i tho Antrim ; Antrim Castle, of Vi ; low, of IxirdLurgan; Buthmilla, of Sir I'Mmnnd Vil V. .li NaiiL'hti n. Hart.; liii l.i.iit- I'akenhain.il.r. ; I ianon Towers, of tl: Londonderry ; Jloncyg! I. 1 HU1, N Town, Croii: i'oljl.s. Thomfield, Lei Hill, Lissanoro Castle, iSce. A railway now intone tho county, from Belfiist in the south to 1'ort Itu -xiieiuity ; passing by Am y, and Col. mine, 'I'ln IT : line from Belfast to Carrickfergus, and ono from AntdM Milalstown, and round tin- northern end of Ix)U|fl Noagh to (Jookstown. Tin- Col. nan.- line i to Londonderry ; and the Ulster railway fn passing by Lisburn, Lurgan, and Annagh,  M.-isting imiiieuae masses of tho rock dipping perpendicularly into the and at tho base of which the road had to bo cai oth. r ]rts the difficulty arose I. :y n clay banks. This road running between the mou and the sea from Lome to Cushendall, and tii tho hills inland to tho northern coast, opens to traveller a succession of striking and n road from Belfast to A through Kandalntowii, liallymeua, Ba mine, to Bushmills, mar the Canvwa miles. linl. the road from I'd fast to Li off in several directions into the c. ANTKIM, a par. partly in ''l 1 ! 1 ' 1 -" ! ).art!y in that of l'|.|'- prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 'J'J nu.^ to the N.
 * vay, and 106 miles to the N. ..( Ihililin.

situated at 1 tern et remity of !,<> at the mouth iif Six-Mile Water, which di-< -h into that lake. It has a station on tie- K Noithern ' ilway. A mona have 1 en founded hero as early as; '.t'>, disciple of St. 1'atrick, whi. h nliseijuently ordinato to Woodburn Aliliey. A 11 a large body of naties and a p of the Knirlish settli is, under Sir 1: said tb I iii the fight. In 16161 town :n I tie- parish of Antrim by James I. to Sir Ailhiir Chi.h, >|er. In 1613 I. was the - ll and h i-h, ill which the l:.tt. r wen- .! lUen to Uie town of Antrim. The town burnt i : It was at the ii l~W, who marched on it in columns. Ar c.,nllii-t they were di-j>ei X 900 dead in the town. The towi. ono of thi! mo-t ft iiile an i oiinty, the wide valley of the Six-Mile AVater. ar.tw. Tlic houses ore ' and built <! ' tic town i-.u ; inhabit i -i I lions, -.with a population of _',!:; I. totbeecnBU8ofl8Gl,.vj| b. (ongtotheEstablishi nil i nly -I!'.'! Koinan < Protectant I m oi varioi nominations. Then- is a handsome court- 1 market-hole", part o| win. h s. n, -.- ,-is a bi idi-w 11. making has lung been cairi.-.] ..11 here on a largo The lii.-t in: 'ted in I77<i. '1 here are M LTreens, a i i y. and flour-mi' mployi d in tli.ii own houses in the lin manufacture. Antrim was loim.iK a parliament!! letters-patent of Charlei 1 1., it return incut, H-..1U KiO'i; till tin- time