Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/858

Rh HAM. times Henry J 1 1.. I 1 '. Charles I The Duke of ViV!linirt"ii, Sir V ^uishud personages were entertained he: Bishop Van Jlildert in 1827. The Norman ch iost ancient part of the castle. Tin- v castle buildings are now in the possession of the I'nivi r- I Durham. The W. gidc of Palace-green is oe< by the old exchequer and other offices of the pain: The townhall is a commodious building situated in the market-place ; below this is the market-place for butter, eggs, fruit, poultry, *c. Durham possesses a tl. erected in 1791, a newsroom, a library, and assembly rooms. The court-house and county gaol, erected at a cost of 140,000, is a handsome building, situated at the end of Old Elvet. The principal churches in Durham are St. Mary-le-Bows, in the North Bailey, built in 16S5, on the site of a much older one ; the living is a rect, -al . 2X0, in the gift of the Archdeacon of Northumberlai Giles's, a (mall structure, with a square tower; the living, a perpet. cur., val. 180, in the gift of the Marchioness of Londonderry. St. Mary the Less, situated in the South Bailey ; the living, a rect., val. 119, in the gift of the lord chancellor. St. Nicholas, in the market- place, is a handsome structure, rebuilt in 1858 ; the living is a pcrpet. cur., val. 240, in the gift of the Marchioness of Londonderry. St. Oswald's is an ancient building, considerably altered some years ago ; it is a vie., val. 402, in the peculiar jurisdiction of the Dean and Chapter of Durham. St Margaret's, Croasgate ; the living, a perpet. cur., val. 120, is in the peculiar jurisdiction of the dean and chapter. The Roman Catho- lics, Weslevans, Independents, Society of Friends, Primi- tive and New Connexion Methodists have placet of worship here. The University of Durham, although only recently established, may be regarded as having risen from a college, which, at a very remote period, existed there. In later times Cromwell instituted a college on the model of those at Oxford and Cambridge, but this was abolished at the Restoration. The present University was founded by Bishop Van Mildert, and promoted by Bishop Maltby. An Act of Parliament was obtained in 1832 authorising the endowment of an uni- versity, and in 1837 it was incorporated by royal charter under the title of the " warden, masters, and scholars of the University of Durham." It has 24 fellowships, which may be held by clergymen for ten years and by laymen for eight years ; 20 scholarships of the annual value of 30, tenable for three years, and numerous other exhibitions. The Bishop of Durham is visitor, and the Dean of Durham warden of the University ; the latter beingalso Masterof University College. Bishop Hatfield's Hall was instituted in 1846 for the study of divinity ; and another college, on similar terms, was opened in October, 1861. The Durham grammar school was founded by Henry VIII. ; the present school-house was erected on a site near to the river in 1844. Durham has a National school, Weslcyan schools, a Roman Catholic school, a blue-coat school, a ragged school, training schools for the education of school-masters and mistresses, and a school of art. The infirmary is a handsome building, erected in 1849. There are numerous other charities for the of the poor of the city and its vicinity. The most remarkable old buildings in Durham are the Mog i y < 1 1 hirham, one of the finest buildings of the kind in 'the kin- the latter has recently been restored. The guildhall, in the market-place, was built by Bishop Tunstall in The diocese of Durham is in the province of York, and is divided into the three archdeaconries of Durham, Northumberland, and Lindisfarne. The city of Durham is governed by a mayor, 6 aldermen, and 18 councillors, one of whom is mayor, and returns two members to parliament. Durham is the head of a Poor-law Union, <-onta:.. .. 'Jl i 'irishes, of a superintendent n. and of ( 'ounty Court and excise district*. The assizes .0 county are held here. The trade of Durham has decreased of late years; its principal munufa are carpets, worsteds, paper, nails, hats, and mustard. Ths are several coaJ-minos in the neighbourly the town. Durham has two newspapers, th" liarham Atetrtiifr and the llnrltam I'iirmtitle, both published weekly. Bihoj> Horn, J. Hall ; HI>I;K<', ft di . editor ol ]; ,-iuthor of (imuville Sharp ; the first Lord Aiukl, -,.
 * inti(iu!iry ; M'.rt"ii. the dramatist; Sir A '

surgeon, and Sir I;. K. Porter, were native* 1 :;,, ; - tl. The market is held ; is well alter i 1 urs are held annually for the sale of horses, and cattle, viz. on the .'tint March ui ipally for horses; Saturday bi-f. re 0,. -Tuesday, Saturday before i?n*tj 15 tli September, and Saturday before the 2-'; ' nrmXISH. Sa DcnuxiSH. liI'ltlSliKAl;. ;i par. in the district of Xitt the co. of Dumfries, Scotland, G miles N. i>! The road from Dumfries to Glasgow crosses the Bj^^l as also does the Glasgow and South-Western rafl^H It is situated on the river Nith, under the Lowthers, and includes Carronbridge. The land chiefly consists of hilly pasture, interspersed with stone and traces of coal. Tha par. is in the presb. of Pen point, and synod of 1 ) umfrN^H Galloway. The minister's stipend is 221, in the j of the Duke of Buccleuch. The village contains the psilfl church, Free church, and two schools. Vestiges dH Roman camp are found N. of the church. 'I Buccleuch is the principal landowner, and poMSs^^H Drumlanrig Castle, which was the seat of the lata^^H of Quoensberry, whose monument, by Roubillioc, is in the church. On the bank of the Carron is Enoch I^^H dam DURLEIGH, a par. in the hund. of A, the co. of Somerset, 2 miles S. W. of Bridgwatcr, its post It is situated on a branch of the river Parrot. 'I no village, only a few farmhouses. Th> been commuted for a rent-charge of 229 13., and the^^l contains 1 J acre. The living is a don. cur. in thsj^^l of Bath and Wells, in the patro; Harding, Esq. The church is an am . with a tower. There is a Sunday-school. DUKI.KY, a par. in the hund. of Low< Waltham, in the co. of Hants, 3 miles ,-v V Waltham, and 4 E. of BUhopstoke railway s: TJpham is its post town. A small strr i of the village. It contains the hmlt. of V The living is a vie. in the dioe. of Winchest. : in the patron, of the bishop. The church is sj^^l VKK. limit?, in the hund. of Grimsdale, in th> rd. I>l"KXKSS,a par. in the co. of SutI: - :land, 13 mile- N V. ni Gruhmore. The pai the sea-coast, between Whitenhend in umore and :l.id. 'l"he coast is extremely rocky, and off the shore are tht ShoaL In the streams sain and in Loch B' i trout. In 17-! tl.e districts of Tongue and Eddrachillis were detached lr..m this parish. It is in the presb. of Toni," . and Caithness. Th- stipend is 158, in the patron, of the crown. The village contains the parish church, lwi> Free churches, nnd several schools. In the church is an old monument to McKay of Dn A mill- from tli" village there is a remarkable c. 100 feet wide, and 180 to 300 i. . t in height, which repeats The Duk* land is th> .-ncr. Doun, the Gaelic poet, was a nat. . i this place. DURNFORD, a par. in the hund. of Atncsbui the co. of Wilts, 2} miles S.W. of Amcsbury, and of Salisbury, its post town and nearest railway station. It is situated on the iiv> r A '.lin.i the hmlts. '1 lie livini; in a ic. in the dice, ef Salis- bury, val. 131, in the patron, of the bishop. Th
 * le Hurnford, N . and