Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/843

Rh 833 DUNFERMLINE. untry for many miles, including the Malvcm, Welsh, lantock, and Wilts hills. It contains the tythgs. of ,st and West Dundry and Littleton. Here arc somo arries of durable freestone. The living is a perpet. r. in the dioc. of Bath and Wells, val. 100, in the t of the Vicar of Chew Magna. The church, dedi- ,edto St. Michael, is a stone structure partly modern, le tower is ancient and lofty, and may he seen many les distant. The register commences in 1560. Tho rochial charities produce about 20 per annum, of
 * tich 7 is for the school. The Baptists have a chapel,

id there is a National school for both sexes, and a i nday-school. In the neighbourhood is a Druidieal i cle. The Rev. E. A. Ommaimey is lord of the manor, fair is held on the 12th September for cattle and
 * ep.

PUNDYVAN and NEW DUNDYVAN, two_largo inufactnring vils. in the par. of Old Monkland, in the i] of Lanark, Scotland. Here is an academy. Tho Ivs, with nine smelting furnaces, form the only (ject of importance. pUNEANE, a par. in the bar. of Upper Toome, in eco. of Antrim, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 8 miles VC. uf Antrim. Toomebridge is its post town. It li at the northern extremity of Lough Neagh, between v, rivers Bann and Maine. It includes part of the -cks range of hills. The living is a vie. in the ' 'onnor, val. with Cranfield, 225, in the patron. cjthe Marquis of Donegal. The church is an ancient Here are two Roman Catholic chapels, a nan meeting-house, and eight Sunday-schools. ii'lon Hibernian Society assisted five daily aools, and the National Board three. Raymond the seat of Viscouut O'Neill. In the ncigh- i irhu'id are remains of a camp in the form of a circle, I iallydonnelly Camp. JUNEANY, a par. in the bar. of West Oflaly, in the i of Kildare, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 4 miles W. of 1'dare, its post town. The living is a vie. in the dioc. i Kildare, val. with Lackagh, 265, in the patron, of 1 bishop. In the Roman Catholic arrangement the lins of a castle and some traces of a church are seen RjNEARN, a lofty basalt hill in the co. of Stirling, Ntland, near Burntislaiid. On the summit are remains OR Roman station. >UX EATON WATER rises in the co. of Lanark, ^ tlanil, under Caimtable, and after a course of 20 is the river Clyde. UXFAXAGHY, a post and market town in the . <ji Clondehorkey, bar. of Kilmacrenan, in the co. ^;al. prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 1.5 miles N.W. 'Kilmacrenan. It is situated on the S. shore of J nfauaghy Bay, on an inlet known as Sheephaven, ! jnging to Stewart of Ardes. It is the head of a i jr-law Union, police station, chief coastguard station, ". . petty sessions town. A bar crosses the mouth of the MIV, which is dangerous at low water and during Win winds. There is a convenient quay. A market is ' a week, and fairs on Whit Thursday, the 5th 2nd October, and 17th November. il'NFEENY. See DOONFEENY. ITJNFERMLINE, a district in the co. of Fife, Scot- ia, bounded on the S. by the Firth of Forth, E. by -1 i rk'dthing, Aberdour, and Beath. N. by Kinross- JBre, and V. by (Saline, Camock, and Torryburu. It chains an area of about 36 square miles. It is well ictivated, and being studded by gentlemen's seats, ir wooded grounds, enhances greatly the natural 'y of the scenery. The coast, 2 miles in extent, is &v rocky, with the bay and harbour of Limekilns in i fctentre and those of Charlestown at its western ex- t nity. The general surface is flat and uninteresting ti it approaches the burgh, when it rises in various t juresque undulations. The principal hills are Craig- 4 Jar and the hill of Beath. The stream called the .lie, or Spital Bum, is the only one of importance. trious lochs, Town Loch, Black Loch, Lochfitty, and Lochgloo are the largest. Coal is here greatly worked and most abundant. Lord Elgin is the chief proprietor of these coal-fields. Iron, stone, and copper are also obtained. Here is the seat of a presb. in the synod of Fife. The principal landowners are the Earl of Elgin, Sir Peter Halket, Hunt of Pittencrieff, and Durie of Cragluscar. DUNFERMLINE, a market town and royal borough, having separate jurisdiction, and locally situated in the district of Dunfermlinc, 10 miles from Edinburgh, in the co. of Fife, Scotland. It is a station on the Stirling and Uunfermline and Edinburgh and Northern rail- ways. It is situated on an eminence of considerable extent, having an elevation of 356 feet above the level of the sea, with the exception of that part of the burgh called the Nethertown, which is on a plain. It unites with Inverkeithing, Culross, South Queens- ferry, and Stirling in sending a member to parlia- ment. Constituted a royal borough in 1588 by James VI., it is governed by a provost, 2 bailies, a guild magistrate, a treasurer, 17 other councillors, and a town clerk. This place was for a long time a burgh of regality holding of the monks. Here, in 1303, Edward I. of England received the submission of many Scottish barons who had opposed his progress through the realm in 1296. In 1385 it was visited by Richard II. In 1581 the first national covenant of Scotland was subscribed here by James VI. It was the birthplace of his eldest daughter, afterwards Queen of Bohemia, and of Charles I. A fire broke out in 1624 which devastated the town, reducing the inhabitants to such poverty as to compel them to supplicate aid of the kingdom. It was here that Charles II. subscribed the famous Dun- fermline Declaration. The chief object of interest of which the town boasts are the ruins of the once famous abbey of the Benedictines, founded about 1070, raised to an abbey in 1124, and finally destroyed in 1560. The western principal entrance is by a handsome doorway in Norman style, and above it a fine pointed window, divided by mullions and transoms. The roof is sup- ported by a double row of magnificent Norman pillars, separating the body of the nave from the north and south aisles. The outside is surmounted by two heavy towers, one having a spire. Near the church are the ruins of the refectory, containing one of the finest pointed windows in Scotland. The abbey church was long the place of interment of the Scottish kings and of many of Scotland's great nobles. What was formerly the choir of the ancient is now the site of the new abbey or parish church, under the pulpit of which rests the body of King Robert the Bruce. Of the other churches, may be mentioned, St. Andrew's Church, North Church, Queen Anne-street Church, St. Margaret's, Gillespie, and three Free churches. There are also an Independent chapel, an Irvingite meeting-house, an English Bap- tist chapel, and an Episcopalian chapel. The Roman Catholics meet in a hall. There is no parochial school, but numerous other schools of high character abound. Of these are the High school, the Rolland or Priory- lane school, the Maclean schools, the Queen Anne Place schools, the Episcopal school, and Free Church schools. The chief public buildings are the guildhall, public offices, prison, poorhouso, two halls for public meetings, libraries, and masonic lodges. Few places possess greater attractions both for antiquarians and- lovers of scenery. The view of Pittencrieff Glen, where are the mansion of Pittencrieff and the remains of a tower called Malcolm's Tower, formerly the seat of Malcolm Canmore, king of Scotland, can scarcely be surpassed. Dunfermline is the centre of a great manu- facture in table linens and other like fabrics. Here are also weaving factories, a tannery, dye works, iron foundries, breweries, &c. Two miles S.E. from the town is a large stone called St. Margaret's Stone, where Mar- garet, the sister of Edgar Atheling, is said to have rested on her flight to Scotland. Near the abbey are the ruins of a royal palace. The central pillar of an ancient cross which stood in the market-place is still preserved. Tuesday is market day. Fairs are held eight times a 5 o
 * . is united to Monasterevan. Here is a day school.