Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/837

Rh DUNAMABC. S27 DtTNBAK. or. of Strabane, in the co. of Tyrone, Ireland, 7 miles >J.E. of Strathbane. It is pleasantly situated under the lounterloney Mountains, and contains the parish church, i hapel, and schools. DUNAMARC and MIALLOCH, confluent streams tiling into Bantry Bay, about a mile from that town, n the co. of Cork, prov. of Munster, Ireland. A cascade f 30 feet occurs at the mouth of the Dunamarc. DUNAMASE-ROCK, in the bar. of Stradbally, in lueen's County, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 4 miles N.E. f Stradbally. Its isolated position renders it a natural jrt of great strength. On its summit are remains of a jrtruss which was a stronghold of 0' Moore, Prince of jeix. It changed hands several times since that period. n liill it was ceded to the royalists under Sir Charles oote, and was ultimately dismantled by Cromwell. The iow from the summit is extremely grand. DUNAMON, a par. in the bar. of Ballymoe, in the >!' Galway and Roscommon, prov. of Connaught, iid, 5 miles W. of Roscommon. Athleague is its town. It is situated on the river Suck. The sur- . which is boggy, is traversed by the road from
 * i^ue to Bally moo, and includes the hmlts. of Car-

keel and Nuwtown. The living is a vie. in the dioc. i PJlphin, val. with Ballinakill and Kilcroan, 157, in lie patron, of the bishop. The church is of ancient
 * n. It was presented to the parish by the

lields, and there are tombs to that family within it. I Ionian Catholic chapel is united to that of Kilbe- . There are two Sunday and three day schools, lunamon Castle is the manor-house and the seat of the 'aulfields. Limestone suitable for building is quar- ied horc. DUNANY, a par. in the bar. of Ferrard, in the co. of h, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 5 miles N.E. of Dun- its post town. It lies near Dunanoy Point on lull; Bay, and is a fishing village and chief coast- 1 station. The living is a vie. in the dioc. of innagh, val. with three others, 116, in the patron, of .Marquis of Drogheda. The church was built in ,S14, and from its elevated site serves as a landmark for i. There are two day schools. Dunany House is it of the Bellinghams. DUNAVKKTY, a castle in the co. of Argyle, Scot- ind, 6 miles S. of Campbelltown. It is situated on a "k over the sea, and is chiefly celebrated as the strong- icld to which Bruce retired with the lords of the isles, iid the scene of the massacre of Colkitto's party by ioneral Leslie during the parliamentary war of the 17th .ay. DUXBAR, a par. and market town in the co. of ads along the coast, and is bounded on the N. by lie Firth of Forth, and on the other sides by the pars. f Innerwick, Spott, Stenton, Prestonkirk, and White- irk. It extends in a south-easterly direction about 8, with a breadth of 4 miles. It includes the town . Uunbar, and the vils. of East and West Barns and n. The interior is pleasing, and rises gradually >>ut 700 feet towards the Lammermoor hills on the Tin- soil is partly clay and partly a light earth, and
 * lington, Scotland. The main portion of the par.
 * ninently fertile. Red sandstone is abundant, and

-tone is quarried. The Duke of Roxburgh, the Haddington, and Sir John Warrender, of !, arc the most noted of the landed proprietors. hing on the coast is good. The North British ''ay and the road from Edinburgh to London river.se the parish. The par. is the seat of a presb. '1 is in the synod of Lothian and Tweeddale, and n the patron, of the Duke of Roxburgh. There Ire two parish schools, and also a grammar school (^longing to the burgh. There is a Free church, two [ T uited Presbyterian churches, and chapels belonging o the Baptists, Methodists, and Morrisonians. The own of Dunbar is pleasantly situated on the coast at Ilie mouth of the Firth of Forth, 28 miles E. of Edin- n.sists of three streets running in a northerly (irection, the chief of which is the High-street a wide thoroughfare lined with modern houses, and terminated at its northern end by Dunbar House, formerly the residence of the Earl of Lauderdale, and now occupied as militia barracks. The harbours are at the N.E. end of the town, and the celebrated castle of Dunbar is situated at the N. end behind Dunbar House. The parish church is situated on the S.E. environs of the town. It is built of a red stone, and the tower, 108 feet high, with the additional advantage of the elevated position of the building, serves as a landmark to seamen. Behind the pulpit is a magnificent monument of various coloured marbles, 12 feet broad at the base and 26 feet in height, erected in 1611 to George Home, Earl of Dunbar. This statesman was much esteemed by James VI., having successively filled the offices of High Treasurer of Scotland and Chancellor of the Exchequer in England. In 1606 he had sufficient interest with the Scottish parliament to obtain the passing of the Act for the restoration of bishops. Dunbar Castle, which was demolished in 1567, is even in its ruins an object of great antiquarian interest. From its great strength and -its position, situated on trap rocks which project into the sea, it was believed to be impregnable before the use of cannon. Being one of the strongest of the fortresses in the border counties its history is necessarily connected with that of the whole country. The noble family of Dunbar, to which it originally belonged, was founded by Cospatrick, the son of Maldred, the grandson on the mother's side of Uthred, prince of Northumberland. On the conquest of England by William the Conqueror, Cospatrick, along with other nobles, fled into Scotland, where Malcolm Canmore granted him the manor of Dunbar and other lands in the Merse and Lothian, from which he took the title of Earl of March. In 1296 the Castle of Dunbar sur- rendered to Edward I. after the defeat by the Earl of Warrenne of the Scottish army. On this occasion the Earl of Dunbar took part with the English, but his countess obtained possession of the castle and delivered it to the Scottish leaders. From this castle Edward II. escaped to England after the destruction of his army at Bannockburn. In 1377 the castle was besieged by the English under the Earls of Salisbury and Arundel, and defended by the Countess of Dunbar (commonly called Black Agnes) in the absence of her husband. At the end of the 14th century the Earl of Dunbar and March, from the possessions he inherited, became one of the most powerful of the Scottish nobles. In 1435 George the llth earl visited the English court along with his son Patrick ; this act awakened the jealousies of James I., who seized on the earldom and estates of Dunbar, which thus became vested in the crown. On the marriage of Margaret of England with the king of Scots in 1502 the earldom of Dunbar and lordship of Cockburnspath, with their dependencies, were assigned as the jointure of the Queen, but the Castle of Dunbar was expressly reserved by the king to himself. To this castle Mary Queen of Scots retired after the murder of Rizzio in 1565, and immediately issued a proclamation calling on her friends to meet her at Haddington. On the 19th of April the parliament conferred the captaincy of the Castle of Dunbar on James, Earl of Bothwell, who a few days after, on the Queen's return from Stirling, conducted her to this castle, thereby commencing the intimacy which terminated in his marriage with Mary on the 15th of May, 1567. In the following month Bothwell, after the surrender of the Queen at Musselborough to the asso- ciated lords, fled from this fortress by sea to Orkney, with which event the history of Dunbar Castle closes, as it was the same year ordered by parliament to be destroyed. The town house is ancient. The assembly- rooms were erected in 1822. The old harbour is small. Victoria harbour, begun in 1844, is a fishing- boat harbour for 500 boats. It is intended to take advantage of the numerous rocks off the town for constructing a harbour of refuge, which is much needed on this coast. In the 16th and 17th centuries Dunbar was much frequented by the Dutch, as well as the Scotch, for the herring fishery. The trade of the
 * rgh, and 30 N.W. of Berwick. It is a royal burgh,