Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/826

Rh su; ci]i:il victories inscribed on the sides, surmounted by a colossal statue of the great commander. < Mi the Mnilh' rn I' the city the avenue from Kingstown is ;i' equally imposing. Both meet in Coll' ;i spa- cious area surrounded with noble buildings, and having in its centre an c u,uc.-t;ian statue of William III. of cast metal, upon a marble pedestal. Of the public squares, St. Stephen's (irren, situated in the south- eastero quarter, is the largest, being nearly a mile in circuit . in tho middle is an equi George II. in brass. Mention-square, to the E. of the former, is about three-quarters of a mile in circuit. Fitzwilliam-square has a ranch smaller area than < of the others. Mountjoy-square is in an elevated situa- tion in the north-easte'rn. part, and is half a mile in circuit. Kutland-square, at tho upper end of Sackville- street, is formed by Granby-row, Palace-row, C'aen- dish-row, the Lying-in-Hospital, and the Rotunda. The south-eastern district is chiefly inhabited by the nobi- lity and gentry ; the north-eastern by the members of the liberal professions, official and mercantile classes; tho south-western is in a less flourishing state ; and the north-western district presents indications of poverty. Of ths various public buildings, tho following are those that chiefly tend to embellish tho city: The Koyal Ex- change, situated on the ascent of the Cork Hill, near the frincipal entrance to tho Castle, now occupied as tho City Fill ; the Commercial Buildings in College Green, where the business formerly carried on at tho Exchange is now transacted; the Corn Exchange, containing a hall 130 feet long, for tho purpose of exhibiting various samples of grain ; the Bank of Ireland, formerly the Irish House of Parliament, presenting a portico of six Corinthian columns towards College-street, and a semicircular facade with receding centre towards College Green ; the Custom-house, a stately structure of the Doric order, situated on the N. bank of the Liffey, 375 feet in length, with handsome columns of Portland stone ; the General Post Office, in Sackville-street, with a portico of six fluted Ionic columns, and colossal statues on the apex and extremities of the pediment ; the Mansion-house, the residence of the lord mayor in office, a plain edifice of brick, on the 8. side of Dawson-strcct ; the Sessions' - house, in Green-street, supported by six columns, and approached by a flight of steps extending along the whole front of the building ; and Trinity College, occupying tho whole area of tho E. of College Green, a large pile of tho Corinthian order. This town is the seat of the regal government, consisting of a lord-lieutenant and privy council, assisted by a chief secretary and a largo staff of civil officers. The official residence of tho lord-lieutenant ii Dublin Castle ; but his usual resi- dence is the Vice-Kegal Lodge in tho Phoenix Park. The buildings of tho Castle form two quadrangles, called tho Upper and Lower yards. In the former are tho lord-lieutenant's apartments, the council chamber and ollices, the rooms of the several officers of the house- hold, and those of the master of the ceremonies and of tho aides-de-camp of tho viceroy ; and in the latter are tho Treasury buildings, the ordnance department, the llccord Tower, stables, riding house, and residence of tho master of the horse. The Castle chapel is an ele- gant building in tho later stylo of English architecture, lighted on each side by six windows of stained glass, and by a magnificent E. window presented by l,id Whitworth. fhe courts of law are held in a handsome structure called the, Four Courts, on the N. side of tho liver; it consists of a central pile, 140 feet square, con- taining the courts, and two wings where arc tho offices for tho despatch of legal business; these, with tin' centre, form two quadrangles. Tho King's Inns (of ( ' arc situated on a piece of ground formerly called tho Primate's Garden, at the N. of Henrietta-sin !. The building consists of a centre and two wings ; the centre being crowned with an octagonal cupola and 1 which forms a lofty arched gateway ; tho repository I >r tho registration of deeds, and tho dining-hall. Tho library is kept in a separate building in Henrietta-street. UK Literature' and science arc represented by the Dublin Soeiity, h"Mii." its meeting* j n tl,. of the Duke of Leinstcr, in Kildare-str Hibernian Academy of Painting, Sculpture, and A^H . in Abbey-street, an elegant sti mented v.-itli timid columns of the Doric or<i Royal Iri.ih Academy, incorporated in 1787 by Royal ( 'barter, for promoting tho studies of science, pood literature, and antiquities, is the chief litei scientific institution in Ireland. The academy house ii located in Dawson Street, and C"iitains a valuable library, especially rich in Irish SISS., and tho mod important museum of Irish antiquities Tho academy holds meetings once a fortnight during the season, and publishes "Transactions" in Ho. ana < " in 8vo. The Irish An:lueolo y has published many volumes value on Irish history. There are algo a Hoi Societv, and Geological, Zoological, Agricultural, Civil Engineers' societies. The following gical and medical institutions : the Royal < Surgeons, situated on the AV. side of St. Stej Green, a large building containing a library, bond room, examination-hall, four theatres for M a spacious dissecting-room, and three museums college consists of a president, vice-president, 6 sors, 12 assistants, and other officers; the f" ians; the School of Physic, under the both of tho above ; the School of Pharp street ; the School of Anatomy, Medicine, and Si in Park -street, Merrion - square ; the Society, in Sackville-street ; and the Associati Members of thn College of Physicians. '1 '; rous clubs, the most fashionab ! Club, Sackville-street Club, tin and the Hibernian United Service Club, for offie the army, navy, and militia. Tho places of 1 amusement are few. Tho New Theatre Royal, kins-street, and the little theatre in Abbey-8 the only good theatres in tho town. Musical take the place of dramatic exhibitions. Tl the Beefsteak Club, tho Hibernian C Anacreontic, the Dublin Philharmonic, and tl^^H yal Choral. One of the chi> is the Phoanix Park, a finely woodod demesne acres, containing the Vice-Regal L' tho chief and under secretaries ; the '/. i al Soowtr'i gardens and establishment ; the Royal mary ; a powder magazine and artillery s, in memory of the victories ol lington. Reviews and exercise of the -. in a level space, cleared of trees, near Lodge. The garrison of tho city is quai barracks. The largest are the Royal ) eminence overlooking tho Litliy, aaii id and the I.ighthmi I with with stabling fur pital f. >r 17 Tho principal prison for malefactors of all classes i s-houso, in iiiuMini-. ll inki d at earh angle by a r S] ,' i ill's prison, in the s r prisoners having debts under 10; the Smithfield p> iiul tin 1 I iiehmond bride well. Tho condition of the poorer clauol in Dublin is wretched in the extreme ; yet there are fc cities in which charitable institutions are more numerous or bettor supported. The hospitals and asylums are lot
 * il, with tin' name and date jf the Admiral's prin-