Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/806

Rh -DOWN. DOWNHAM MARKET. and gentry are Mountstcwart, the seat of tho Marquis of Londonderry, lieutenant ami <-u mm ; Anls, 'more, ul M'Stewart, hiu'h sheriff: HflUbarongh , of Lord Arthur Hill ; the castle of Lord Anno.-di v ; Qutleward, of Lord Bangor ; I'.ehoh- 1'ark, (if Sir I;. Batcson ; Holywood, of Lord Dufferin ; Tullamorc Park, of Lord Eoden, &c. Down is well supplied with roads. The great northern road from Belfast to Dublin, Belfast to Donaghadee, Belfast to Downpatriek, and from Down- jiutrirk to Ncwry arc the ino.-t imjiortant. Ilia V1.-1.T railway, from Belfast to Armagh, passe* through lloira in this (.-utility ; another lino runs in. in Kelfast to Holy- wood ; and a third to Downpatrick, passing through Newtown-Ards, v ith xtension to Donagh- adee. These lines form part of the County Down rail- way. Anniversary or commemoration days aru still cuk-brated in this part of Ireland, both by Protestants and Catholics, with great rivalry, frequently occasion- ing a breaeh of tho peace. The Eve of St. John's (or .M idsummer) Day, is likewise ei-li-br.ited with consider- able pomp. On this night the iieojilc march to the bonfires in military array, and li-einn ntly with firearms; when arrived at the spot when- tin celebration is to lie kept, the young people dance round the fire, and it is the practice still for tho children to jump through tho (lames. In some districts the peasantry carry the live coals from this sacred fire, and scatter them through their corn and potato fields to prevent blight. These ceremonies are believed to be older than Christianity, and to be a remnant of the worship of Baal, or ton Sun, which on this day crosses the equatorial line. At the midsummer assizes, held at Downpatrick on tho 20th July, 18G3, a curious case connected with this festival came before the presiding judge, llr. Justice lluyes. who, on proceeding to pass sentence of three calendar months' imprisonment 011 seven Roman Catholics for attending one of these celebrations, observed, " that he did not wish to interfere with tho ancient and simple amusements of tho people, which might have in them something of a religious character, but he would deal with their conduct as an offence against tho Proces- sions Act, and if they had not marched to tho bonfire in military array and with firearms, perhaps they would not have in in indicted." DOWN, a par. in the hund. of Kuxloy, lathe of Suttou- at-Hone, in the co. of Kent, 2 miles 8. of Farnboroujrli, and (J S.E. of Bromley, its post town. Tho village is small. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of iry.val. 105, in the gift of tho archbishop. The church is a ndat building, with spire and throe bells. It contains brasses, a piscina, sedilia, and monument* to the Petleo family, to whom the place formerly belonged, and who wore lords of tho manor from tho reign of Edward III. to Henry VIII. The register commences in 1638. The Baptists have a chapel, and there are National and other schools, including Philip's school, endowed with 5 per annum. Sir IVrcival Dyke is lord of the manor. ! rinripal residence is High Elms, the seat of Sir John W. Lubbock, Bart. The old mansion of the 1 is new a farmhouse. DOWN, a bog in King's County, prov. of Leinster, Ireland. It lies near Philipstown, and covers 1,647 DOWN, or DOWN ST. MAIJV, a jar. in the Imnd. of North Tawton, in the co. of Devon, 6 mill ; .V. at Ciediton, 3 N.E. of Bow, its post town, and 1 mile from Morchard Koad station. Tho inhabitants of tho village, which is small, are employed in the weaving of > by hand-looms, and in agriculture. Tho surface is hilly and sterile, except on the banks of the rivi i living is a reel.* in the dioc. of i;, t, r in the patron, of 1!. I; i. it -id, Ksq. The church, dedicated to St. .Mary, is a stone structure, partly Norman, with some curious carved oak seats and ancient tiles. Th- i National school for both sexes. II. ('. Sturt, Esq., is lord of tho manor and owner of most of the soil. DOWN, ,,r VKST DoWN, a par. in tho hund. of ' Devon, 4 miles S. of Ilfracom I post town, : ,nd r. N.W. of I'.amstaple. It contains tho lnl1 ndWillineot. The living is a vie. in tho dioc. of Exeter, val. 190, in the pat ron. of UK bishop. The church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, U an ancient stone structure in the form of a cross, with tower and five bells. It has some curious monument!, including ono to the memory of Sir J. Stowlbrd, a jnt- tice of the Common Pleas in 1343. There is a Nations! DOWN AMl'NKV. AV AMI-NKV DOWN,, oester. DOWN, MAST, a par. in the hund. of Braunton, in tho co. of Devon, 4 miles S.I-], ot llnacombc, and 6j N.E. of Barnataple, its jniat town. It limits, of Churchill, Brock ham, Clifton, I and Stonccomb. The living is a rect.* in the 0^1 Kxeter, val. 346, in the jiatroii. of C. Chi. In Tho church, dedicated to St. John the I'M].:
 * stone structure, with a square tower cootl^l

four bells. Sir John P. 1!. ("hi.-Inst. r, 11. it . nor. The charities amount to .',. A called Northeote are several stones, supposi : Druidieal monument. J ii i WX-KN I ), a limit, in the par. of Horslcy, in Ik co. of Gloucester, I! miles B.W. of Miinhii The living is a cur. annexed to Mangolslicld. DOWNIIA.M, a Jiar. in the hund. of Ely, in the W of Cambridge, 3 miles N. of Ely, its post town. Itii station on the Great-Eastern railway. Tho vflH which is considerable, is situated on the roa- beach. The living is a rect.* in tho dioc. of Et^H 1,108, in the pair. : .1 the bishop. The . Kurc%^H rated to St. Leonard, is an am ient Bt' structure, with turret and four small spiles, i . .:m; vane on each. The register commences in 17 Baptists and We.-ley.ins have i ,u -h a cli is a free school. Downham was formerly tin- piim-i]* diocesan residence, but since the arrest of 1 :M, .' W by order of parliament, in 1G42, it i The remains of the palace built by ; used as barns and granaries. IX iWNHAM, a jiar. in the humi co. of Essex, 4 miles E. of Billericay, its ; 6 S.E. of Ingatestono station. It i N". of Uu- rouch, and contains only a few scattered hoosc*. The living is a reel.* in the dioc. of K.H heater, ^ in the patron, of li. 11. llen-ns, K- s cated to St. .Margaret, is site ud ha square embattled tower at the west i nd. Tl: produce a JUT annum. The ex. !., are the lords of the. ma some remains of an am i DUWNIIAM. a tnshji. in the par. of Whali. div. of tho hund. of lilaekl.um, in the co. jia Lancaster, 2 miles S I-!, of ( 'hatbuni nl.: . and 'i -i Vorkshiro railway, and .'! Clitheroe. Tho inlial.itants are . mpl. Kjiinnin^ and in agriculture. Limestone and r i-ied. In the i.. liner are mali ur. * in (lie di.M-. val. i'12'.i. in tin- jmtion. of Hub chiiieh. .ie.lic.it. .1 to S:. I'eter, is a stone stiuctun- early English stylo of architecture. The Wea. liave a ( haj.i I, and tin i nilowmejiV of .t'2"i per annum, tl. n. The charities produce a 1 William Asshetoll, Ksi)., is lord of the n DOWNHAM, a tnshji. in tin- par. of 'yniondhim,_ hund. of Forhoa, in the co. of Norfolk, 1 Wvm.indham. Th. n- ;.< a National school. DOWNHAM. .v t c DOWXHOI.ME, in tin- North Biding of the co. of York. IiOVNlLM!-'0!;l),aliund. in the lathe of St. Augus- tine, in the 10. of Kent. It contains tin pars, of Adi&hani, !>ham, Littlchourn, Sta].le, Stodmarsh, and Wi< liliaml.iciix, i, mjirisini; Id.iiTO acres. DOWNIIA.M MAKK1-.T, a j,ar. and market town in the Imnd. of Clackclosc, ill the co. of Norfolk, 11 miles S. of Lynn, and l'> N. of Kly. It is a station on th': I .vim and Kly branch of the Great Eastern rail- town, which is of considerable antiquity, derives its name