Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/763

Rh DERBYHAVEN. DERG. preside in the burmote courts, held twice a year, and determine all disputes that arise in working the mines. The county returns six members to parliament ; two for the N., two for the S., and two for Derby. At the period of the Domesday Survey Derbyshire was divided for civil purposes into five wapcntakes viz,, Sicanedalc, llamcstan, Morlestan, Walccross, and Apultre. It is now divided into six hundreds: High Peak, Wirksworth, Scarsdale, Morleston and Litchurch, Ap- pletree, Repton and Gresley. Derbyshire forms an archdeaconry in the diocese of Lichfield, and contains nineteen rural deaneries. It is divided into nine unions, including 272 parishes and townships : Chapel- (in-le-Frith, Bakewell, Glossop, Hayfield, Shard-low, Ashborne, Belper, Chesterfield, and Derby. Besides IDerby, which is the only parliamentary borough and Snarket-town, there are sixteen other market-towns : Alfretoii, Ashbourne, Ashover, Bakewell, Belper, Buxton, Chapel-en-le-Frith, Chesterfield, Crich, Ilkoston, Wirks- worth, Cromford, Dronfield, Heanor, Tideswell, and Winstor. The principal antiquities of Derbyshire are I >ruid circles of stones and barrows at Arbor-low and Stanton Moor, and some cromlechs at Hathersage. The British road Icknield Street crossed the county from ^.V. ID N.E. The Romans had stations at Derventio, liuxton, Brough in Hopedale, and Melandra Castle; and roads Long Lane, from Little Chester to Ches- rum. and another through Buxton to Manchester. are remains of Melandra, Mackworth, Castle- .un, and Codnor castles, of Haddon Hall, and South iWingfield Manor House, of the priories of Eepton luid Gresley, Dale and Beauchief abbeys, and Yeaveley >ry. The chief seats of the nobility are Chats- ivi irth and Hardwicke, of the Duke of Devonshire ; f, of the Duke of Portland; Elvaston, of Earl Harrington ; Bretby, of Earl Chesterfield ; Melbourne .'ark, of Viscount Melbourne; Hassop, of Earl New- jurgh ; Sudbury, of Lord Vernon ; Doveridge, of Lord kVaterpark ; Redestone, of Lord Scarsdale. DEKBYHAVEN, a yil. in the par. of Kirk Malew, ji the Isle of Man. It is a subport to Douglas, situated hear Castletown and Langness, and has excellent anchor- it,'.'. I hi the shore is a light 50 feet high, which was in 1650, and may be seen 11 miles off. There are ins of a ruined tower and chapel. DERBY HILLS, an ext. par. place in the hund. of -!epton and Gresley, in the S. div. of the co. of Derby, 9 niles S. of Derby. DERBY, WEST, a hund. in the S.W. div. of the co. >t Lancaster, contains the borough of Liverpool, the wns of N ewton and St. Helen's, and the pars, of Altcar, n, Childwall, Halsall, Huyton, Leigh, North ' irmskirk, Prescot, Sephton, Warrington, Wigan, U'inwick, and part of Walton-on-the-Hill, comprising, xclusive of Liverpool, 227,260 acres. DERBY, WEST, a chplry. in the par. of Walton-on- iiL-Hill, in the co. of Lancaster, 4 miles N.E. of Liver- X'ol, and 4J W. of Prescot. It contains Kensington, Stanley, Knotty Ash, and other limits., including many landsome residences of the Liverpool merchants. Before .he Conquest there was a castle here, which is mentioned .11 Domesday Survey as then in ruins. There are several li.-'.rict churches, the livings of which arc perpet. curs. : it. John the Evangelist, in the patron, of trustees ; St. lames, in that of Mrs. Thornton; St. Anne, in that of Rev. T. Gardner; and St. Jude, Low Hill, val. 300, in the patron, of trustees. This chapelry of late irs. by reason of its proximity to Liverpool, Prescot, ind Birkenhead. has vastly increased in population and alth. The river Mersey and the Leeds canal are .vithin a short distance. DEREHAM, a vil. in the tnshp. of Quainton, in the of liucks, 6 miles N.W. of Aylesbury. HEREHAM, EAST, a par. and market town, in the nind. of Mitford and Launditch, in the co. of Norfolk, 1' miles N.W. of Norwich by road, or 21J by the Nor- h, Wymondham, and Wells branch of the Great I '.intern railway. The par. is situated on the E. side of i rivulet which flows into the Wensum, and includes V'ir.. i. the hmlt. of Dillington. It is a polling-place for the western division of the county, a petty sessions town, and royal manor. The town was called Deorham by the Saxons. It was twice burnt down, temp. Elizabeth and James I. Withburga, natural daughter of King Anna, founded a nunnery here about 650, which was burnt by the Danes, but was afterwards refounded as an abbey. Dereham was greatly injured by fire in 1581, and almost destroyed by the same element in 1679 ; and in 1646 was visited by the plague. The town is lighted with gas, and well supplied with water from private wells. There is a spacious market-place, and a good as- sembly-room, besides a hall, gas-works, iron foundry, and an obelisk, showing the distances of the chief towns. The living is a vie. * in the dioc. of Norwich, val. with Hoe, 536. There is also an extensive glebe round the vicarage house. Bishop Bonner held the sinecure rectory before his elevation to the see of London. The church, dedicated to St. Nicholas, has been restored and beau- tified. The chancel is early English, dating 1250, the other portions being added at intervals. It has several fine painted windows, brass lectern, and other orna- ments. The font is a remarkable piece of antiquity, carved in 1468, with figures of the Crucifixion, apostles, and evangelists. The organ was built by Schmidt in 1666. The church contains several ancient brasses, a monument of Cowper, who resided here the last nine years of his life, and of Mrs. Unwin, who died at East Dereham. Near the church is a bell-tower. A spring in the churchyard is said to issue from the spot where Withburga was buried, and formerly miraculous virtues were attributed to it. The old Norman arch from which it issues may still be seen. There are chapels for Bap- tists, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. There is a National school, partly endowed. The charities amount to about 450 per annum. A house in the neighbourhood has a stained window, with the pedi- gree of the Calthorpes. Quebec House is about a mile from the town. The market day is Friday. Fairs are held on the Thursdays before the 6th July and 29th September. DEREHAM, WEST, a par. in the hund. of Clack- close, in the co. of Norfolk, 1 mile S.E. of Downham, and 3| miles N.W. of Stoke Ferry. It was the birth- place of Hubert, Dean of York, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, who founded an abbey here about 1188 for Premonstratensian canons from Welbeck. The site was granted to the Dereham family, and the ruins of the abbey were removed in the beginning of the present century. The parish is bounded on the S.E. by the navigable river Wissey. The living is a perpet. cur. * in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 74, in the patron, of the Rev. G-. Jenyns. The church is in the later English style, with a circular tower. The chancel contains several handsome monuments to the Dereham family, and a white marble monument to the Hon. Colonel E. Soame. The Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists have places of worship. There is a National school. The charities produce 84 per annum. DEREVERAGH, a lough in the co. of Westmeath, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 2 miles S. of Castle Pollard ; the bar. of Moygoish borders it on the W., and that of Corkaree on the S. DERG. See CASTLE DEKG, co. of Tyrone. DERG, a lough on the borders of the cos. of Tipperary, Clare, and Galway, Ireland. It extends from Killaloe to Portumna, and lias an average breadth of 2 miles. It contains the buys of Scarriff, Youghal, Castletown, and Scooe, and the islands of Inishcaltra or Holy Island, Inismore, and others. It is surrounded by the Slieve Bernagh and Arra mountains, and is supplied by several mountain rivers. DERG, a lough in the bar. of Tyrhugh, in the co. of Donegal, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 3 miles N.W. of 1'cttigoe. It lies at the lower end of Lough Erne, and covers an extent of 2,140 acres. It has several small islands, one of which, called St. Patrick's Purgatory, has two small chapels upon it, and a shrine at which annual rites are observed. The surrounding scenery is 5 D