Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/720

Rh CUMBERLAND. 710 Wiidling allord.- plenty of line carp. Th larger lakes arc inter by numerous flocks of wild d goose, swans, iinil other fowl. The abruptness. 1 manv waterfalls, of which the ! are Scale Force, near Cnuunook Water, which t 166 feet in D of 41 feet o
 * . ; Harrow > -wick,

100; Sour-Milk<;hyli. vater, 80; and tl roglin, There are a great nun in this county. The large*: in length. It rises in the Uavenstoncda ! the borders of Yorkshire and WeftBtoniand, ami ' with t,ho Eamont about 9 miles from ite parting with Ulleswatcr ; it then tl falls into the Solway Frith. It passes Eden Hall, the seat of the Musgrave family, Kirkoswald, Nu Park, Armathwaito, Corny i'a.-tle, Warwick li; Carlisle, and Griniklale. N ear its mouth is the monu- ment erected to King Edward I. The Roman Wall crosses the river a short distance below Carlisle. The scenery along the banks is of great beauty, throughout the whole of its course, and it abounds in trout and salmon. It receives several smaller streams : the Cal- dew, which rises S. of Skiddaw, and passes by Hesket- Newmarket, Sebergham, Hose Castle, and DuNtoii, und, alter a course of 24 miles, joins the 1 disk-. This river is remarkable from the fact of its flowing from 11 titdiff Bridge to Sebergham, a distance of about 4 miles, in a subterranean passage. The Pcteril rises near Grcystock Park, and enters the Eden a little N. of Carlisle, running the whole way nearly parallel t road from Pcnrith. The Irthing forms, for some rj the boundary between Cumberland and Northumber- land, entering the former county near Gilslaml N passing Upper and Nether Denton, Naworth ' Lanercost, or Leonard Cost, Irthington, and Edmond n near llolmgate. The Euk rises in Scotland, and enters Cumberland at its point of junc- tion with the Liddel, which river divides the two kingdoms i Kngland and Scotland for about 8 miles. It then flows by Kirk Andrews, Netherby, and Longtown, and receives the Line near its entrance into the Solway Frith at Rock- cliff Marsh. The lane is formed by the union of two streams the Black ami White Line which rise on the borders of Scotland, in i ubury (.'rugs. The is for about 6 miles the border-line between Comb* - -otland, near Solway Moss. The Wampoi ' the Waver form one estuary of considerable size. The former flows from the Brocklebank Fells, past Old Car- lisle and Wigton. The town of Kirkbride is close to its mouth. The Waver rises in the same neighbourhood, and takes a similar course. The Ellen reaches the sea near Maryport, after a course of about 18 miles, passing on its way Ireby, Bolton, . Uonborough, and Netherhall. The Cocker forms the lakes of Buttermore und Crummockw Vermouth receives the Ucrwent, which i rrowdale, and flows through Derwentwater, and Basscnthwaito Water. The n streams join the sea at Workington. The Greta has its source in a tarn on Saddleback, and flowing in u very circuitous direction, passes Threlkeld, and joins the 'nt at Keswick. The Irt, which (lows through Wastdale, was once celebrated for the beauty ol pearls found in its waters. The Duddcn has its > at Wrynose Fell, ami for about 20 miles is thn boundary ire. There is a second Esk, which flow tin sea at RavengUuis. The Tees for a short distance divides Cum- berland from W. ami I>iu ham. There are . aiming them the Cro^lin, x Mitp. During i n very much I,M the i i this easuri ,'o "takes" have 1,,, n made in the ' the season oom- 10th i.iry and Huh October. As in ti counties, showers are very frequent ami copious, more the southern division of tin; county, where the in which t!i - There is leM|! rain in Ajiril,and most i 1 inches, ami at I. inchi v re'i maiiiin:/ till quite the cml "i linijJ but in ; L- dampness, it seems a Tern ity, and instance- nfp.mark :>' not uncommon. The minerals of this conn merous. It belongs to the red marl district, which runs by the western base of the range of hill weed to Derbyshire. The most common fnn^^H is white and red sandstone, the latter ] nilumin 1 1 of carboniferous limestone, bordered by an of coal, runs across from Penrith to Irebv. mouth, ami the coal extends to jfaryport aaifl Whitehaven. At Carlisle these two minerals are ^^H found, the intermediate space being sandstons. Tlfl mountainous districts consist principally of gl^^H sienite, greenstone, hypersthene, sandstone, limestonJ >te. (lianito of the grey iound Mil Skiddaw, and in the beds 'rej| Various coloured marbles are met with : at Lip ' and Dacre, brown ; at Kirkoswald, hlue ; at Cross Fa . and in the Pcteril, yellow. At Amliroth Fe near Keswick, and in St. John's Vale, red porphy found, and the same stone occurs dale, 1'atterdalc, with grey slate and hoi ,ads ne Lrgin are repaired with greenstone, found at I!r rock. At the former ; Hill, Carlisle, there ar. _-ypsum ipi u-ii- Berrier, and on the N". hank of the 1 traces of the action of glaciers, or ' are frequently found belonging only occur at a great distance fro? tion ; for instam is of the ro and the vale of the Cocker and boulders from the Dum; The mineral productions nn- very vi. 1 eludin ; . silver, iron, co] 'nl work to a largo number of hands, stone in burnt in large quantities 1. There are 28 i 12 are near Maryport, 8 near V . 1 at Aspatria, and 1 at Harrington. At V in the rock, at tho loot of a hiil, vi: it. The Kin:,'-]. it. ti runs ' abovi a passage ! Ai W"rkingtim tli

the band < : - ami is from > 1 ; belonr. wieh llo>pi('l. OWIK ' i hat 1 Thomtlnvaili . and i Silvi :, :ill Id is usual! best i d. A cin of ^, in the tii the queen and :