Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/717

Rh CTTLLOHILL. 707 CULROSS. army about 14 mile S. of Culloden House. The locality is well indicated by the green graves of the slain, and by an obelisk erected in 1850. By this battle the hopes of the House of Stuart were completely annihilated. Culloden House stands on the border of the moor. Prince Charles slept in it the night before the battle. It is the seat of the ancient family of Forbes, and tho owner of it in 1746 was Duncan Forbes, Lord President of the Court of Session, whoso advice previously given to the govern- ment, if it had been followed, might have prevented the rebellion, and whoso influence in tho Highlands was greatly instrumental in suppressing it. CULLOHILL, a vil. in the par. of Aughniacart, bar. of Upper Ossory, in Queen's County, prov. of Leinstcr, Ireland. Here are remains of an old castle. Fairs are held on the 27th May and 2nd October. CULLOMPTON, or COLLUMPTON, a market town and par. in tho hund. of Hayridge, in the co. of Devon, 10J miles N.E. of Exeter, and 7 N. of Tiverton. It is situated on the river Culme and the Great Western rail- way, on which it has a station. It contains Mutterton, Langford, and Ponsford, and in the Saxon times be- longed to King Alfred. At the Conquest it was given by William I. to Battle Abbey, ia Sussex. The town rccuivod a charter from Edward I. conferring on it the privilege of a market and fairs, which was confirmed by his successor. Its situation in a valley, surrounded by an expanse of level country, gives it a specially pleasing appearance. It consists of about 800 houses, some of them old, arranged in one principal street, which is in- differently paved, but well supplied with water, and con- tains a bank. Tho inhabitants are chiefly employed in the manufacture of woollen cloth, kerseymere, and serge, and in the paper-mills and tanneries. Tho parishioners annually appoint six constables, three for the town, and three for the rest of tho parish. Culloinp- ton is a polling-place for the northern division of the county, and it petty sessions town. The living is a vie.* in tho dioc. of Exeter, val. 400, in the patron, of Mrs. Chave. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, is a stone structure in the perpendicular style of architecture, with fine carved oak roof, and contains a beautiful screen and rood-loft, also a handsome chapel. The charities amount to 223 per annum. The Baptists, Wesleyaus, Unitarians, and Independents have each a chapel. Here is a National school. The Black Down hounds have a meet here. W. C. Grant, Esq., is lord of the manor. A cattle market is held on the first Saturday in every month, excepting Hay and December, when a fair is held, com- mencing the first Wednesday in each of these months. CULLOW, a locality near Kirriemuir, in the co. of Forfar, Scotland, where fairs are held on tie last Friday of April, and on the Monday of October before the fair of Kirriemuir. CULLYBRACKEY, a post vil. in the par. of Ahog- hill, bar. of Lower Toome, in the co. of Antrim, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 4 miles N.W. of Ballymena. It is an improving place, situated on the river Maine. There are bleach-grounds and dye-works. CULLYHANNA, a post vil. in the par. of Creggan, bar. of Upper Fews, in the co. of Armagh, prov. of Ulster, Ireland. CULM-DAVY, a hmlt. in the par. and hund. of Hemyock, in the co. of Devon, 2 miles N.E. of Culm- stock. It is situated on tho river Cuhne, and has a small chapel. CULME, a river in tho co. of Devon, rises in tho Blackdown Hills, and runs 25 miles to the river Ex, near Exeter. It is a hunt for the East Devon otter-hounds. CULMINGTON, a par. in the lower div. of the hund. of Munslow, in the co. of Salop, 4 miles N. of Ludlow, its post town, and 10 from Bishop's Castle. It is situated on tho river Corve, and contains Burley, Self- ton, and Bache. The village is small. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Hereford, val. S800, in the patron, of W. J. Clement, Esq. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a small ancient structure. The charities amount to 1 per annum. Near here is a Roman camp. George Hood, Esq., is lord of the manor. CULMORE, a townland and postal vil. within tho libs, and co. of Londonderry, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, war Newtown Limavady, find about 5 miles E. of London- derry. It is situated on the W. of Lough Foyle, and has a station on tho Belfast and Coleraine railway. Culmoro Fort is supposed to have been first built in tho 16th cen- tury ; it underwent considerable alterations in the first quarter of the 1 7th century, and in the memorable siege of Londonderry it was regarded as a point of much im- portance, when it was reduced by James II. Doling these times the church, which is falling into ruins, was used as an hospital for the attacking party. CULMSTOCK, a par. in the hund. of Hemyock, in the co. of Devon, 6.J miles N.E. of Cullornpton, and tho same distance from Wellington, its post town. It is situated on the river Culme, about 4 miles distant from the Tiverton Junction station of the Great Western railway. The village is considerable, and many of the inhabitants are engaged in the woollen mills. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Exeter, val. 250, in the natron, of the Dean and Chapter of Exeter. The church is dedicated to All Saints, and contains a stone screen. The charities amount to 13 per annum. Fairs are held on the 21st May and 1st October. CULPHO, a par. in the hund. of Carlford, in the co. of Suffolk, 4 miles N.E. of Ipswich, its post town, and 4 W. of Woodbridgo station on the East Suffolk branch of the Great Eastern railway. Tho living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Norwich, val. 65, in the patron, of T. B. Gurdon, Esq. The church, dedicated to St. Botolph, is a plain building, consisting of nave and tower. The charities amount to about 5 per annum, T. B. Gur- don, Esq., is lord of the manor. CULREACH, a vil. in the par. of Inch, in the co. of Wigton, Scotland, 6 miles W. of GJnlupe. It is situated on tho river Ryan. CULREACH, a vil. in the par. of Whitehorn, in tho co. of Wigton, Scotland, 3 miles S. of Whitehorn. CULROSS, a par. in the co. of Perth, Scotland. It contains a royal burgh of its own name, and also the vils. of Blairburn and Low-valleyfield, in. the detached district of Perthshire. It is bounded on the S. by the Firth of Forth, on the W. by Tulliallan, on the N. by Clackmannan and Saline, and on the E. by Torrybum. The outline of tho parish is square, each side being about 4 miles in length. The surface is elevated and without any great inequalities. The soil u fertile and in some places rich. Potter's clay, lime-stone, and ironstone have been found. The collieries, which were formerly worked extensively by the monks of Culross Abbey, and after 1575 by Sir George Bruce, of Blairhall, are no longer profitable. One pit, which was drowned by the sea in 1625, extended a mile below the sea at high water. Tho lauded property of the parish is divided amongst nine proprietors. The modern mansion of Castle Hill, near the Firth, occupies the site of Duna- marle Castle, tho possession of the Macdufis, Thanes of Fife, where Lady Macduff and her children were murdered by order of Macbeth : other historians refer this incident to Cupar Castle. Blair Castle and V^lleyfield House are modern residences. The Stirling andPunferm- lino railway traverses the parish, and there is a station at East Grange. This par. is in the presb. of Dunfermline and synod of Fife. The charge is collegiate, and under the patron, of Lady Keith and Miss Preston, of Valley- field. The stipend of the first minister is 156, and of the second minister, 117. Besides the parish church, which is very ancient, there is a Free church. There are several benefactions in this parish for aged and indigent persons. The town of Culross stands on tlio Firth, 22 miles W.N.W. of Edinburgh, and 4 miles E- of Kincar- dine. It is pleasantly situated amidst gardens, on the slope of a declivity, as seen from the sea, but a closer inspection shows it to be mean and decayed. It was formerly a place of great resort, both from the neigh- bouring monastery (founded in 1217 by Malcolm, Thano of Fife, and dedicated to the Virgin Mary), and sub- sequently as being a seat of commerce. Besuie-s the above- mentioned extensive coal trade, it manufactured 100