Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/687

Rh CRAKE. 077 ORANBROOK. at tie base of Piniel-heugh. The southern section of the parish belongs chiefly to Paton of Crailing, -whose seat overlooks the river Oxnum. The village of Crailing is situated on the Oxiiam, where it is crossed by the Berwick and Carlisle road. This par. is in the presb. of Jedburgh, and in tho patron, of the crown and the Marquis of Lothian. The stipend of tho minister is 251. There is also a Free church. Samuel Rutherford was born at iling, where also Calderwood, the church historian, i minister. IRAKE, a small river in the N. of Lancashire, flowing mi Coniston Water to the river Levcn. CRAKEHALL, a tnshp. in the par. of Bedale, wap. of East Hang, in the North Riding of the co. of York, 2J miles N.W. of Bedale, and 9 from Richmond. It has a station on the Northallcrtun and Leyburn branch of tho North-Eastern railway. Tho living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 100, in the patron, of the Rector of Bedale. Tho church, dedicated to St. Gregory, is a stone structure in the Gothic style. Tho charities amount to 2 per annum. Tho Wesleyans have a chapel, and there is an endowed National school. CRAKE 11 ILL, a hmlt. in the par. of Topcliffe, wap. of Birdforth, in the North Riding of the co. of York, 6 miles S. of Thirsk. and 7 N.E. of Ripon. In con- junction with Elmiro it forms a township. CRAKEMARSH, a constablewielc in the par. of tlttoxeter, in the co. of Stafford, 2 miles N. of Uttoxeter. It is situated on the river Dove, and belonged to Karl Algar before the Norman conquest. CRA1IBE, a par. in the wap. of Bulmer, in the North Riding of the co. of York, 5 miles S.W. of Malton, and 11 N.E. of York. It is situated on the river Derwent, near the Scarborough railway, and contains Barton-le- Willows, Vhitwell-on-the-Hill, and the tnshp. of Crambo. The living is a vie.* in tho dioc. of York, val. 180, in the patron, of the archbishop. Tho church, dedicated Michael, is a stone structure in the early English style of architecture. The charities amount to 1 per nnum. There is a parochial school. Or. Cholmeley, Esq., is lord of the manor. CRAMLINGTON, a chplry. in the par. of St. Andrew, .'i div. of Castle ward, in the eo. of Northumber- land, 4J miles S.W. of Blyth, and 9 N.E. of Newcastle. It is situated near the coast, and has a station on the North-Eastern railway. The village is large, and many of the inhabitants are engaged in the collieries and mines, which constitute nearly four-fifths of tho real property of the parish. The living is a perpet. cur. * in the dioc. of Durham, val. 100, in the patron, of Sir M. W. Ridley, Bart. Tho church, dedicated to St. Nicholas, is a neat stone structure, and contains tombs of tho Lawson family. CRAMOND, a par. in the district of West Edinburgh, in the cos. of Edinburgh and Linlithgow, Scotland. It undod by tho Frith of Forth on the N., by Dalmcuy and Kirkliston on the W., by Corstorphine on the S., and St. Cuthbert on the E. Its length from E. to W. is ij miles, with a breadth of 2 miles. The county is celebrated for the beauty of its scenery and the fertility of its soil. Almond Water divides the portion which is in the county of Linlithgow from the larger portion in the county of Edinburgh. The surface slopes upward nnd southward from tho shores of the Frith, where it is to Corstorphine Hill, which is partly in this parish, principal manufacture is that of iron, by tho Cramond Iron Company, and there is a large paper- mill called Peggy's mill. There is a purgative magnc.si.-m spring on the lands of Marchiield. In May, 1543, tho English, under tho Earl of Hertford, landed in this parish, near tho spot now occupied by Granton Pier, the construction of which cost the Duke of Buccleuch above half a million. The village of Cramond is situ- ated 5i miles W. of Edinburgh, on the E. bank of the Almond, near its mouth. The inhabitants are chiefly employed in the neighbouring iron-works. The iron is almost entirely made from scrap, and bears a high character. Here the Romans had a station, and Con- st. inline IV. is said to have been slain in battle by Kenneth, son of Malcolm I. This par. is in the presb. of Edinburgh, and in the gift of Ramsay of Barnton. The stipend of the minister is 295. There is also a Free church at Davidson's Mains. Tho principal landowners are the Duke of Buccleuch, C. H. C. Inglis of Cramond, and Ramsay of Barnton. The chief mansions are Cramond House, where H.R.H. the Duchess of Kent resided during her last stay in Scotland, Barnton House, Muir House, Caroline Park, Braehead, Lauris- tou Castle, and Craigcrook, the residence of the late Lord Jeffrey. Among the eminent men born in this i parish may be mentioned John, second Lord Balmerino, j tho friend of the Covenanters ; Sir Thomas Hope, of Granton, the Scottish lawyer ; Sir George Mackenzie, first Earl of Cromarty ; and above all, the celebrated John Law, of Lauriston, who was born at Lauriston in 1671, and was raised in 1720 to be Comptroller- General of the finances of France. He benefited that country by founding a national bank, but the Mississippi scheme, projected by him, proved as disastrous to France as the South Sea Company's scheme did to England. This extraordinary man died in poverty in Italy in 1729, after having astonished the world by his abilities, his projects, his success, and his ruin. CRANAGE, a tnshp. in the par. of Sandbach, hund. of North wich, in the co. of Chester, 5 J miles N. of Sand- bach, and 3j N.E. of Middlewich. It is situated on the river Dane, near the Crewe railway. L. Annitstead, Esq., is lord of the manor, and resides at Cranage Hall. CRANBORNE, a hund. in the East Shaston div. of tho co. of Dorset, contains the pars, of West Parley, Pentridge, Edmondsham, Rushton-Tarrant, Ashmore, Witchampton, Bellchalwell, Shillingstone, Little Farn- ham, Tarrant-Gunville, Turnwood, and parts of Ham- preston, Cranborne, and Tollard Royal, comprising 41,000 acres. CRANBORNE, a par., partly in the hund. of Cran- borne, and partly in the hund. of Monckton-up-Wim- borne, both in the East Shaston div. of the co. of Dorset, 37 miles N.E. of Dorchester, and 9 N.E. of tho Hingwood railway station. This place derived its name from the Saxon gren, a crane, and lurn, a river. A Benedictine monastery was founded here in 980, by Aylward do Meau, who then possessed the manor. In 1102 the abbot and his brethren retired to Tewkes- bury, where a magnificent abbey had been founded by Robert FitzHamon, when this became a cell. The par. contains tho tythgs. of Blagdon, Monckton-up- Wimborne, Boveridge, Alderholt, Holwell, and Ver- wood. This is the largest parish in Dorsetshire, being 30 miles in circuit, including part of Cranborne Chase. Before this chase was disafforested it extended to Salis- bury, and King John had his hunting-seat at Tollard Royal. It is now chiefly the property of Lord Rivers of Rushmore, who holds a court-leet at th manor-house. Tho village, formerly a market town, is pleasantly situated in the midst of a fine champaign country. Most of the houses are well built, and have a plentiful supply of water. The living is a vie. * in the dioc. of Salisbury, val. with the curs, of Boveridge and Verwood annexed, 151, in the patron, of tho Marquis of Salisbury. The church, dedi- cated to St. Bartholomew, formerly belonged to the priory. It is a large and very ancient structure, partly in the Norman style of architecture. It contains a curved pulpit and several monuments. The charities amount to 92 per annum. There are two Wesleyan chapels, several almshouses, and a lunatic asylum. Here is also a National school for both sexes. The Marquis of Salisbury is lord of the manor, and takes from this place the title of viscount. Bishop Stillingtteet was born here in 1635, and at the Revolution was raised to the see of Worcester. His principal works are " Origines Sacra," an account of natural and revealed religion, and " Ori- gines Britannica," by which he is now best known. Fairs are held on the 24th August and 6th December, chiefly for cheese and sheep. CRANBROOK, a hund. in the lathe of Scray, in the S. div. of the co. of Kent, contains the pars, of Frittenden,