Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/579

Rh CHISWICK. CHOBHAM. I architecture, wiih tower. Here the Independents tid Wesleyans have each a chapel; and there are free hools for hoth sexes, endowed with land hy a former vchbishop of Canterbury, which now produces 45 per imum. Taylor's charity, for the general benefit of the nor, produces 80 per annum. CHISWICK, a par. in the Kensington div. of the iind. of Ossulstono, in the co. of Middlesex, forming sort of peninsula, nearly surrounded by the river haulms. 7 miles by road, and 5 miles by the South- Vestcni railway, ii'om London. Chiswick is first men- - ia-d in a record of the reign of Henry III.; and about ,ir 1731 a Roman um and some silver coins were mid at Turnham Green. There are two large reweries in Chiswick, and on the opposite side of the iver are the water-works of the West Middlesex Com- uiy. The island opposite Chiswick is the first to be A iili up the Thames. Along the bank of the river i-voral wharves and makings. The parish contains .oil arn-s, with a population of 6,504, embracing all r.s of society. At Turnham Green and other choice nin.s are many pleasant villa residences, but in the ly populated district of Chiswick New Town are l number of poor. The green has recently been .-cil by subscription, and a drmking-fountain erected. . nicnts in the drainage and paving of the town have utly been undertaken by the Chiswick Improvement iinmissicmers, who are constituted a board under a i:il Act of Parliament. The living is a vie.* in the . jf London, gross val. 550, in the patron, of the .1 and Chapter of St. Paul's. The church, which is
 * L Mary, is a modern edifice in the early English style
 * thr M.li' expense of J. P. Bull, Esq. Many local im-
 * itid to St. Nicholas, has a very ancient tower,
 * i recent examination of the structure has revealed

v handsome roof of the 12th or 13th century, which been concealed by a plaster ceiling. It is much to .fretted that the vestry have resolved to destroy this vlir of antiquity, which Mr. Scott, the architect, says might well be restored. The church, however, is unsafe
 * i -paired, and is at present closed. It contains some

ind interesting monuments; and has two very hand- staincd-glass windows. Sir John Chardin, the traveller, is buried in Chiswick churchyard; and there are monuments to Hogarth, who lived near Chiswick <1, in Hogarth-lane; to Chaloner, who worked the alum-works in England; to Holland, the actor; Lord Macartney; the Duchesses of Cleveland and Somer- set; the Countess of Falconberg, Cromwell's third daughter, who died at Suttoii Court; Eose, the trans- lator of " Sallust; " Loutherbourg, the painter; Kent, the landscape painter; Ralph, a political writer and Bunciad hero; Sharp, the engraver; Ugo Foscolo, the Italian patriot and author, and numerous other per- < of eminence. There are also two other churches, viz., Christ Church, Turnham Green, a district parish f-hurch under the Marquis of Blandlbrd's Act, in the patron, of the Bishop of London; it was built in 1843 chiefly by subscription, at a cost, with endowment, of 6,000, and is a good specimen of Gothic architecture; the other, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, is an nit stone structure, erected in 18-18 at the expense J. C. Sharpe, Esq. Chiswick is principally famous
 * ir the nursery gardens of the Horticultural Society of

.don, in which are raised all kinds of shrubs and LTS for the adornment of the new gardens at Ken- . tun. Adjoining these nursery gardens is Chiswick House, the seat of the Duke of Devonshire, who owns a very large portion of the parish, which chiefly consists "f market gardens. Chiswick House was built on the site of a house in which Sir Robert Carr, King James I.'s favourite, lived, in imitation of the Capra Villa, IVom a design by Earl Burlington. It has a double approach by two flights of stone steps, with a portico,
 * md is crowned by an eight-sided dome; since Kent

unpleted it, wings have been added by Wyatt. It con- tains some matchless works of art as Charles I. and
 * !y, by Vandyck; Lord Clifford, date 1444, by Van

!;'; Rembrandt in his pninting-room, by Douw; VOL. I. Belisarius, by Murillo; a Madonna, by Domenichino; Acis and Galatea, by Giordano; portrait of Mary Queen of Scots, by Zucchero, with many more by other cele- brated masters, besides a fine collection of drawings and some sculpture, among which is the Hebe of Canova. The ornamental water in the park is supplied by the Thames. The gate of Beaufort House, Sir Thomas Mere's seat at Chelsea, is in the grounds; on it are in- scribed some lines by Pope. The Emperor Alexander visited Chiswick House in 1815; and there both Fox and Canning died. There is also a mansion called Grove End, situated on the Thames, the western end of which is the terminating point of the Oxford and Cambridge rowing matches. CHISWOETH, a tnshp. in the par. of Glossop, in the hund. of High Peak, in the co. of Derby, 4 miles S.W. of Glossop. The Wesleyans have a chapel. There is a colliery in the neighbourhood and a cotton-spinning factory. The feast is held on the first Sunday in August. CHITHURST, a par. in the huud. of Dumpford, rape of Chichester, in the co. of Sussex, 2J miles W. of Jl id- hurst, its post town. It is situated on the river Eother, and is mentioned in Domesday as Titcherte, a part of Hamesford. It was the property of Peter Bottesworth in Queen Elizabeth's time. The living is a cur. annexed to the rect. of Iping, in the dioc. of Lichfield, in the patron, of Lord Leconfield. The church is in the early English style of architecture. By the New Boundaries Act this parish is included in the borough of Midhurst. CHITTERN. See CHILTEHJT, Wiltshire. CHITTLEHAMPTON, a par. in the hund. of South Molton, in the co. of Devon, 8 miles S.E. of Barnstaplo, and 3 E. of the Umbcrleigh station of the North Devon line. South Molton is its post town. It is situated on the river Taw. Tho parish is chiefly agricultural, and has one lime quarry. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Exeter, val. 575, in the patron, of the trustees of Lord Rolle. The parish church, dedicated to St. Hieritha, is an ancient stone edifice in the early English style of architecture, and possesses monu- ments to the Giff'ard and Rolle families, brasses, and a beautifully carved pulpit. There is also another church in this parish, the living of which is a perpet. cur. in the same patron, as the vie. The Wesleyans and Plymouth brethren have places of worship, and there are National schools for both sexes, besides infant schools. The annual value of the charities is about 40. There is an ancient cross on the South Molton road, not far from this place. A fair is held on the Tuesday fol- lowing the 29th June. The trustees of Lord Rolle are lords of the manor. CHITTOE, or CHITWAY, a tythg. in the par. of Bishop's Cannings, in the co. of Wilts, 5 miles N.W. of Devizes, its post town and railway station, and the same distance from Chippenham. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Salisbury, val. 90, in the patron, of the bishop. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a neat modem edifice in the early English style of architecture. Tho Primitive Methodists have a chapel, and there are National schools for both sexes. CHIVELSTONE, a par. in the hund. of Coleridge, in the co. of Devon,7 miles S. of Kingsbridge, its post town. It is pleasantly situated in a valley, and contains the hmlts. of Ford, South Allington, and Prawle. The South Devon railway passes within a few miles of the village, and has a station at Kingsbridge Road. Tho living is a cur. annexed to the vie. of Stokenham, in the dioc. of Exeter, and in the patron, of the crown. The church, dedicated to St. Sylvester, is an old stone edifice, with a beautiful screen and curious pulpit. Thomas Newman, Esq., is lord of the manor. CHOBHAM, a par. in the first div. of the hund. of Godley, in the co. of Surrey, 5 miles S.W. of Chertsey, and 3| from the Woking station of the London and South- Western line. Farnborough is its post town. It is situated on the Bonm brook, not far from Chobham Ridge and Bagshot Heath. In the neighbourhood is the large military camp originally formed in 1800, and rendered permanent in 1853, when a royal pavilion and 4 D