Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/575

Rh CHINLEY. 565 Ulll'PENHAM. 544 ; tho other manor, Chingford Comitis, was, at the me of Domesday Survey, held by Ongar the thane, under (ilint Gernon; it was likewise surrendered to Henry 'III., and afterwards granted by Queen Mary, together rith tho preceding manor, to Susan, widow of Thomas Tongue, Clarencieux King-at Arms. Under this grant 'hich conveys, besides tlie right of free-warren, " tho mil, ground, and soil, together with the woods, undcr- .uods, and trees" enclosures have been made at various
 * nl hence springs tho cause of so much contro-

vown claiming forest rights over the ivelaimed as well - m IT the waste lands. The living is a reel.* in the dioc. f London, val. 568, in the patron, of tho Rev. B. B.
 * . ween the crown and the neighbourhood, the
 * e. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is an
 * .tone structure covered with ivy, and is fast

rumbling to decay, with the exception of the chancel, still preserved. On the green is tho new church reeled in 1845, being a beautiful brick, Hint, and
 * .ne ediliee with spire. Hero are National schools

or boys and girls. The principal residences are Great 'riday Hall, The Mount, and White Hall. In tho ficim'ty is Pumphall, an old farmhouse, formerly a unting-lodgo of King James I., at which he was re- Ming when he visited Sir Thomas Boothby, and, accord- [ig to tradition, rendered the event memorable by aighting the sirloin of beef. CHIN LEY, a tnshp. in tho par. of Glossop, in the mud. of High Peak, in tho co. of Derby, 3 miles N. of Jhapel-le-Frith. Together with Bngsworth and Brown- ide it forms a chplry. The village is very consider- Ue. There is an Independent chapel, which anciently I to William Bagshawe, an eminent Noncon- onnist divine, who was called " the Apostle of the CHI.VM'liL, a tnshp. in the par. of Whitchurch, in i. of Salop, 2 miles N. of "U'hitchurch. I II I XXOCK, EAST, a par. in tho hund. of Hounds- . and union of Yeovil, in tho co. of Somerset, >i miles S.W. of Yeovil, and 7 from Ilchester. It is ' in the river 1'arret. The living is a rect. in he di.r. of Bath and Wells, val. 140, in tho patron, of (.he lord chancellor. Tho charities amount to 34 per lununi. i CHINNOCK, MIDDLE, a par. in the hund. of H'nmdsborough, and union of Yeovil, in the co. of et, 4 miles from Crewkerne, and 5 from Yeovil. It is situated on the river Parrot. The living is a rect. in the archdeac. of Wells, and dioc. of Bath and Wells, val. 189, in the patron, of the Earl of Ilchester. The I'liurch is dedicated to St. Margaret. The charities pro- > limit to ii year. CHIXNI ICK, WEST, a par. in the hund of Hounds- borough, in the co. of Somerset, A mile N.W. of Middle Chiimuck. Tho living is a cur. annexed to the rect. of Chisleborough. The church is dedicated to St. Maiy. The tithes were commuted in 1839. CIIIXNOK, a par. in tho hund. of Lewknor, in the co. of Oxford, 4 miles S.E. of Thame. It is pleasantly itaated near the Chiltern hills, and the ane.ient British iknield Street. It comprises the limits, of Oakley and 1 teuton. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Oxford, val. 509, in the patron, of Sir J. Musgrave. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, is an ancient edifice, iu the Norman style, with tower and a fine peal of bells ; it contains several brasses, one of which bears date 1330. The Independents have a place of worship. Tho manu- facture of Vindsor chairs and lace is the chief employ- uent of the inhabitants. A meeting for the sale of lace, jcally called a "lace feast," is held here every fortnight. 1 1 1 1 PCHASE, a tnshp., united with Gunnerton, in i' 1 par. of Chollertoii, in tho north-eastern div. of the anl "f Tindale, in tho co. of Northumberland, 5 miles S.E. of Bellingham. The castle, commanding a fine view, was the seat of the Herons, and is now owned by It. W. Grey, Esq. ', CHIPLEY, a limit, in the par. of Clare, in the co. of Suffolk, 1 mile W. of Clare. Here was formerly a small i priory of the Augustine order CIIIPNALL, a tnshp. in tho par. of Cheswardine, in the co. of Salop, 4 miles S.E. of Market Drayton. CHIPPENHAM, a hund. in the N.W. portion of the co. of Wilts ; contains Chippenham borough, and the pars, of Alderton, Biddcstone, Box, Brcmhill, Castle-Combe, Colerne, Corsham, Ditteridge, Easton-Gray, Harden- huish, Kellaways, Kingswood, West Kington, Laycock, Langley - Burrell, Leigh-dc-la-Mere, Drew Littleton, Luckington, Pcwsham, Sherston (Magna and Parva), Slaughtcrford, Sopworth, North Wraxall, Yatton-Key- nell, and parts of Christiau-Malford, and Hullavington comprising 65,160 acres. CHIPPENHAM, a par., market town, municipal and parliamentary borough, in tho hund. of Chippenham, in the co. of Wilts, 10 miles S. of Malmesbury, and 13 N.E. of Bath. It is a station on the Great Western line, and is situated on a bend of the river Avon. This was anciently a seat of the kings of Wessex, and is styled by most ancient writers, Villa Kcgia. It was here that Ethelwulf, in 853, celebrated the marriage of his daughter Athel- s witha with B uthred, King of Mercia ; and some years later tho town was held by the Danes against King Alfred, who was obliged to seek shelter in Selwood Forest. After the battle of Ethandune, in which the Danes were de- feated, Alfred concluded a treaty with their Prince, Guth- run, at Chippenham, by which they agreed to be bap- tised, and retire to Cirencester. On the death of Alfred, that monarch bequeathed the lordship and town of Chipponham, with its palace, to his daughter Elfleda. In the Domesday Survey, the manor of Clupeham, or Chippenham, is entered as belonging to Edward the Confessor, and after the Conquest it continued in the possession of the crown. In the reign of Richard II. it had passed to the Hungerfords, who rebuilt the church ; and in that of Charles I. it was taxed 30 as ship-money. It had been a market town from the earliest times, as its name implies, being derived from the Anglo-Saxon word CypperJiam, a "market-place," but it received its first charter from Queen Mary. It was sub- sequently incorporated under tho Municipal Corpora- tions Act, when the government was vested in a mayor, 4 aldermen, and 12 councillors, with the style of tho " bailiff and burgesses of the borough of Chippenham." The principal employment of tho inhabitants is agri- cultural, but many of tho townspeople are engaged in the manufacture of broadcloth and silks. Chippenham is the centre of tho North Wilts Agricultural Association, and there is an annual show of cattle, sheep, pigs, and poultry. Tho town is situated on a declivity on the S. side of the Avon, which is very wide at this place, and has a beautiful stone bridge of 20 arches, with an ornamented balustrade. It is well built, and extends for about half a mile in length, containing a townhall, market-house, two banks, savings- bank, and literary institution. In 1834 it was improved under the provisions of an Act for lighting, cleansing, and paving it. There are a few grist-mills and tanneries, and the town is connected by a short branch with the Wilts and Berks canal. It first returned two members to parliament in the reign of Edward I. The limits of the present parliamentary borough are much more extensive than the municipal, the former containing, according to the census of 1861, 1,345 inhabited houses, with a population of 7,075, while the latter comprises 300 houses, inhabited by a population of 1,003. It is also remarkable that while tho municipal borough has declined 104 in the decennial period since 1851, the par- liamentary has increased 792. The population of the parish of Chippenham is 4,753. The living is a vie.* an- nexed to which is the rect. of Tytherton Lucas, in the dioc. of Gloucester and Bristol, in the patron, of the Dean and Chapter of Christ Church, Oxford. The parish church, dedicated to St. Andrew, is an ancient edifice in the Gothic style, partly built by the Hungerfords in the 12th cen- tury, and has a beautiful spire and peal of eight bells. It contains several brasses and tombs of the Bayntons, Prynnes, &c. Tho district church, situated near the railway station, stands in the parish of Langley Burrell, and is dedicated to St. Paul. It is an elegant build- ing in tho early English style, and was elected in