Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/526

Rh i I.1.T"N. 610 LETOWN. to oil; Tliis raviuo was onco supposed to bo ( 'A.-s I I.i: n iN, a par. in the bund, of Sin rbonie, in tin oo. of Dorset. It is anextensivo village, or suburb, a< i ing the eastern part of the town of Sherborne, it post town, living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Salisbury, vul. -CM, in the patron, of (i. D. V. Digby, Esq. The church is dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene. The paro- ehial charities produce about 8 a year. This place de- rives its name from an aneirnt < -a-ti Hal-d residence of the bishops of Shorhorne, which was di.smantled in the civil wars of < 'liarli - I., and is now in ruins. ( AS I U;T<I, :I tn.shp. in the ]iar. of Rochdale, hund. of Salford, in the co. palatine of Lancaster, 1 mile from Ii'<" lidule. It forms part of the south-eastern suburbs, and includes the hmlU. of Buersill ami Marland. lien was formerly a castle of very ancient date, some vestiges of which still remain. The gas and water-works are situated in this township. The Rochdale canal passes near Castleton. The inhabitants are chiefly employed in the cotton and woollen manufactories. ( 'ASTLETON, a vil. in the par. of JIarshfield, hund. of Wcntlloog, in the co. of Monmouth, 6 miles to the 8.W. of Xewport. It is situated near the border of Gla- morganshire, not far from the South Wales railway, on which Marshfield is a station. This place was the site of a castle founded soon after the Xorman Conquest, of which there are some slight remains. Near the village is a hill called Pen-y-Park-Newydd, on the top of which is an ancient rounil camp. The prospect from the hill is extensive !ind beautiful. CASTLKTON.u limit, in the par. of Danby, lib. of Langbaurgh, in the North Eiding of the co. of York, 7 miles to the S.E. of Guisborough. It is seated in a moorland country, near the river Esk, and is a station on the North Yorkshire and Cleveland branch of the North-Eastern railway. CASTLETON, a par. in the district of Castleton- Molrose, in the co. of Roxburgh, Scotland. It com- prehends tho whole district known in Border story as Liddisdale, and is the largest par. in the South of Scotland, being 18 miles in length, by 12 in breadth. It contains tho vil. of New ( 'astleton, which is situated 20 miles to the S.E. of Hawick, and 70 miles from Edin- burgh. The parish is situated on tho English border, and comprises tho valley of the Liddal, or Lid, which, uniting with the Hermitage, runs through it in a south- westerly direction, and falls into the Esk river, about 10 miles from tho Solway Frith. Tho lower part of the parish is a fine fertile district, but towards the m .. t tho Liddal and Hermitage the country is strictly pastoral and very mountainous. Among the most pro- minent of the hills are, Tudhopc, which rises 1,830 feet above tho level of tho sea ; Millenwood-Fcll and Windhead, which have an elevation of 2,000 feet ; Her- mitage, Larriston-Fcll, and Doel-Fell. The parish is watered by numerous small streams, feeders of the Liddal, along tho courses of which there is some fertile land and much picturesque scenery. The most impor- tant of these rivers are the Hermitage, tho Tweeaon, tho Kcrshopo (which here forms tho boundary bet we. n England and Scotland), the Tinnis, and the Blackburn. Trout abound in them. The Blackburn has many line falls in its course. Limestone, freestone, and whii are quarried in various parts of tho parish, which also contains coal and several mineral springs. '11 of this fine pastoral and mineral district Irm iccontly been more fully developed by the opening of the I Union and Border Counties railways, which enter the valley at the N.W., branching off to Northumberland on the E. and Cumberland on the S. Lime-works, to a large extent, are about to be opened on tho estate of Thorlieshopc ; n new freestone quarry has lately been opened on tins estate, which also contains a valuable sulphur-spring, and on the bank-; of the Tweedon is .lying f-i'iiiiL'. I.iddi-dale was, in the middle ae, powerful and lawless clans, among which the < ' and li ! forts and M holds arc still visible. !' i one ( ,f tho priiui; . built on a lofty rock by tin l.id.lal. and said by Kanulph de Soidis in f time of David I., and around which a village grew t tho parish took its name. Hermitage Castle, on I stream of that name, was founded by the ( 'omvns in the 13th century, and was subsequently In Id by tho Douglases and the Hepburns. The ruin < I'm m a striking obj. tho wild country around them. Tho Earl of Bothwcl who was wounded in a border foray by John Iv ek, a famous freebooter, was visited hero by f_ Mar}'. Tho estate is now held by the Duko of '. clench, to whom by far tho greater part of T belongs. Near the castle was the baronial Another strong castle stood at Flight, of whic are no remains. There are largo am -lent eni on Carberry Hill and Sidehill the former, win circular, is 100 feet in diameter ; the hitter is sqi^^B and about 330 feet across besides several smaller ramps, together with cairns and examples of the structures called I'ictt' Houses. The ancient road, called Wheel- way, crossed Liddisdulo from Stanmoor, and a church which stood near it acquired tho name of the Wln-cl church. At MUnholm, about a mile New Castlcton, is a very curious and ancient Tho present village of Castleton was founded 1790 by tho Duke of Buccleuch, and consists of two long parallel streets, with neat and well-built h"U" -. The par. is in the presb. of Langholm, in of the duke. The stipend of the : church, which stands at the junction of the Her with the Liddal, is a b and a half IP m the village, and was erected in 1> are places c.: ship belonging to the Free Church, I'nited l'i< -li ; rians, and Independents. There were anciently three ol^H churches, belonging to the separate parishes Castl^^H Kttletun, Hermitage, antl Wheel. been united into one parish since of the churchyards arc still in use. ton. Hermitage has been used within th< persons still living, but thero is scar mark where Wheel church stood. It was .' very wild and desolate part of tho parish. Tin parochial schools in the parish and one adventure school, besides subscription and parochial < astleton was tho birthplace (1709) of Dr. Ai whose father was minister of the parish, in April, .May. September. ( letolier. and CA8TLETON-1IELROSE lilsTKKT. om four subdivisions of the co. of Roxburgh, Scotland. It is situated in the southern part of tin co., ami the pars, of Boswell, 1; d l.illiesleaf, Maxton,and Mi Imsi . with p ( AS'I I.KToN. orCASTLEToWN-oK-Ill; a vil. in tho par. of Braemar and (rat hie, in ' Aberdi :nl, 10 miles to tin W. of lUIlate 165 miles from Edinburgh, and 67 miles v deen. It is seated within the fonM of M of the river Dee. Hero isaRoyal HounU church, and a Roman Catholic church. It was in 1715 the standard of the Pretender was first raised tho Earl of Mar, whose castle is TIC n the village. nity is tho castle been tha' eidiii I'anmorc. Annual (airs lor the sale of c held in April, ,lune, Sej.ti mb.r, and N'ovi mber. CA8TLETOWN, a vil. in the par of (Uri.k. in th co. of Caithness, Scotland, r, miles to tin !;. . and about 290 from Edinburgh. The strong and Jurabli ]iaving-stone, known as Caithness pavement, is quanfa 'his village. i A-sTLKToWN. a vil. in th- par. of Kinn in the co. of Cork, ] land, 10 miles to the W. ' if liand'.n. Itisseato- in a mountainous district, not far from the s This vil .rely during tin in the 17th century, fairs are held on the Ist.Ianoanj Easter Tuesday, tin li'th May, and the i . I.I T( iVN. a market town in the p'u . Boshen sheading, in the Is!,' ef Man. -I