Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/517

Rh UASTEBN. 607 CASTLEBAR. CASTERN, a hmlt, in the par. of Ham, hund. of Tot- nonslow, in the co. of Stafford, 9 miles to the E. of Leek, [t is seated in a beautiful spot near tho sources of the jmall livers Hanips and Manifold. CASTERTON, a tnshp. in tho par. of Kirkby Lons- lale, ward of Lonsdale, in the co. of "Westmoreland, lj miles N.E. from Kirkby Lonsdale, its post town and railway station, and 8 N.E. from Hornby. It is situated an the E. side of tho river Lune. The formation of the district is Old lied sandstone, containing limestone and
 * -oal. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of

Carlisle, val. 116, in the patron, of trustees. Tho
 * hurch, erected in 1833, is a stone building, with lancet-

jhaped windows and a tower. Here is tho far-fumed Clergy Daughters' School, containing 100 daughters of ,'lergynien, instituted by the Eov. William Carus-Wilson in 1823, and removed to its present buildings in 1833. There is also an experimental school for training servants, instituted by tho samo gentleman, and removed here from Wliittington in 1837. The charitable endowments if the township consist of tho poor's estate, which pro- luces about 10 a year, and a small endowment to the National school. Casterton Hall, the chief residence, jis the property of W. W. Carus-Wilson, Esq. It is a fine new mansion, situated in the most beautiful part of the county of Westmoreland. Castertou Old Hall, the former seat of tho Wilson family, is now in lie uiviipation of Mr. William Key, the steward of the rty. STERTON, GREAT, a par. in the hund. of East, in the co. of Rutland, 2 miles to the N.W. of Stamford, "it town. It is situated on the banks of the liver ( twash, here crossed by a bridge, not far from the Leices- ter and Peterborough branch of the Midland railway, on which Stamford is a station. This place was formerly I Brig-Castcrton, and was tho site of a Roman station on tho ancient way called Ermine Street. Some have conjectured it to bo the Causennte of Antoninus, which is, with more probability, fixed at Ancaster, in Lincolnshire. The station is said to have been burnt by the Picts and Scots. The barony was held by Earl Mor- car, and, after many changes of possession, it came to ! the crown in the reign of Henry VIII. It is now held by the Marquis of Exeter. The living is a rect.* in I the dioe. of Peterborough, val. with that of Pickworth annexed, 450, in the patron, of the Marquis of Exeter. The church, dedicated to SS. Peter and Paul, was ! founded about the time of Henry VI., and is in the per- pendicular style. It was subsequently rebuilt, and con- tains some old monuments and a curious ancient font. The ancient manor-house stood at Casterton Lings. CASTERTON, LITTLE, a par. in the hund. of East, in the co. of Rutland, 1 mile to the E. of Great Caster- ton. Stamford is its post town. It is situated on the 1'imks of the river Gwash, and contains the hmlt. of Tolethorpe. The living is a rect. * in the dioc. of Peter- borough, val. with the cur. of Tolethorpe annexed, 254, in the patron, of Lord Chesham. The church is dedi- cated to All Saints. It is a small building, partly in the Xorman and partly in later styles of architecture, con- taining a monumental brass of 1382 to Sir Thomas Burton, who held the manor of Tolethorpe. The manor of Little Casterton belongs to the Hon. C. C. Cavendish. CASTHORPE, a hmlt. in the par. of Barrowby, wap. of Winnibriggs and Threo, parts of Kesteven, in the co. of Lincoln, 2 miles to the W. of Grantham. CASTLE, a vil. in the par. of New Cumnock, in the co. of Ayr, Scotland. CASTLE, a hmlt. in the par. of Pentyrch, hund. of Ifiskin, in the co. of Glamorgan, South Wales, 3 miles to the N.W. of Llandaff. CASTLE, a tnshp. in the par. of Castle-C'aereinion, and borough of Welshpool, locally in the hund. of Cawrse, in the co. of Montgomery, North Wales, 4 miles to the W. of Welshpool. CASTLE, a tnshp. united with Escob, in the par. of Llanwnog, hund. of Llanidloes, in the co. of Mont- gomery, 5 miles to the V. of Newton. CASTLE ACRE, a par. in the hand, of Free-bridge Lynn, in the co. of Norfolk, 4 miles to the N.E. of Swaifham railway station, and 30 W. of Norwich. Bran- don is its post town. It is pleasantly situated on tho small river Nar, which is navigable to Narborough, 5 miles distant, and, though now an inconsiderable village, is a place of great interest for its ancient re- mains. It is supposed to have been a Roman station on the way called the Peddar, of which traces have been discovered in' the vicinity. There are also British earthworks, a Roman camp, and remains of an Anglo- Saxon cemetery, rich in magnificent urns, recently dis- covered. Soon after the Norman Conquest the lordship was given, with many others, to William de Warren, Earl of Surrey, son-in-law to the Conqueror, and by him the castle was erected. It was it very large and magnifi- cent fortress, occupying about 18 acres, and defended by moats. One of the principal gateways, and some traces of other portions of tho buildings, still remain in the vil - lage, which stands within the vallum of the castle. About 1085 William de Warren also founded a priory for monks of the Cluniao order, as a cell to that of Lewes, in Sussex. It was largely endowed by various benefac- tors, and received important privileges by royal charters. The priory, which was raised to an independent esta- blishment in the reign of Edward III., flourished till the Dissolution, when it was valued at about 325. The buildings stood to the W. of the castle, and are said to have covered an area of nearly 36 acres. The priory church was a large stone structure in the form of a cross, with a tower at the intersection of the nave and tran- septs, and two towers at the W. end. The architecture was chiefly of tho Norman style, with additions in the early English and perpendicular styles. The ruins con- sist of the W. front, some mutilated columns of the nave, the walls of the transepts, and some considerable portions of the conventual buildings, part of which are converted into a cottage. Tho most striking part of the ruins is the W. front, with the doorway, the fine window over it, and the side towers, which formed the subject of a very pleasing picture by Mr. R. P. Leitch, exhibited a few years ago at the Royal Academy. Tho living is a vie. in the dioc. of Norwich, in tho patron, of the Earl of Leicester, to whom tho estate now belongs. The church is dedi- cated to St. James. It is a large ancient edifice, with a good tower, containing five bells and a clock. In the interior are an antique font cover and a remarkable shrine, recently disclosed. The register dates from the year 1598. The Wesleyans, Baptists, and Primitive Methodists have chapels in the village. There are National and Sunday schools. CASTLE ASHBY. See ASHBY, CASTLE, Northamp- tonshire. CASTLEBALDWIN, a limit, in the bar. of Tirerill, in the co. of Sligo, prov. of Connaught, Ireland, not far from Collooney. Annual fairs are held here in the first week of June, July, September, and November. CASTLEBAJl, a market town in the par. of Aglish, bar of Carra, in the co. of Mayo, prov. of Connaught, Ireland, 7 miles to the N.E. of Westport, and 160 miles to the W.N.W. of Dublin. It is situated at the northern extremity of Lough Lanark, on a branch of the river Moy. The Great Northern and Western railway of Ireland has its terminus here. The town rose into importance early in the 17th century, when it was made a market town and a borough by James I. In the autumn of 1798, the 1'rcnch, under General Humbert, having landed in Kil- cnmmin Bay, and taken Kilcummin and Ballina, attacked and took possession of Castlebar, defeating- the English under Hutchinson and Lake. They quitted the town a few days afterwards, and were taken prisoners near Sligo. The town consists chiefly of one long street, with a large and pleasant green, adorned with trees, on which are most of the public buildings and many good Iji'ivate residences. The streets are paved. There aro extensive barracks, a court-house, a large and hand- some county gaol, the county infirmary, a dispensary, a neat linen hall, and a large lunatic asylum in course of erection. The business of the town is confined to the general retail trades, tho linen manufacture, which