Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/490

Rh CAltDICAN. 480 saflered an iinpri.-oni: > years, and dii-d in lltt.'i. During the rivil war in tin - .virh-s I. 11- I l'ir tin 1 kini;. but fill intu tin 1 hands nt '( 'loinwrll. 1: numerous portraits "I tin l!ut'- family, ami other picture-, including works by Vandyck, BJMllar, and nthir!. A sh.-it di-tam -i- }'.. <il 'ti. thes.anty MS ni' tin- ancient friary. A garden and walks have been made mi theW. Mf of tin- rivi-r, ju.-t a rosstho bridge, by Ijidy Bute, who permits tin- public t.i enjoy them. Tin- Taff is crossed by abridge, ' iidifl tin- titlr "I baron to tin- Mar.|uis of Bute, vh" holds tin !. V. dlns.lay iiml Satiinlay an- tlirjnalkrt day.-. "ii tin- Mi-oiid V. 'Ine.sday in March. April, and May, tlir 'J'.nb .Iiinr. tbr link Beptenber, and
 * h November for the sale of cattle, c.

CARDIGAN, or ABEKTK1FY, a par., market town, seaport, municipal and parliamentary borough, an<l tin- nullity town of Cardiganshire, South Wales, about 240 miles to the W. of London. The nearest station on the South Wales railway in Narbcrth Ifoad, which is about 1 s miles from Cardigan. Two coaches run daily to the station. The town is situated 3 miles from the coast of 'ai digan Bay, on the edge of Pembrokeshire, into whii-h the borough extends, and on the banks of the Teify, or Trill. Its Welsh name is .-l/m-teifi, which denotes its posi- tion near the mouth of tin- Trill. It is an ancient town, nd was probably founded before the Norman Coiuim -t A castle was erected here by the Sonnans, the possession of which, a post of no little importance as commanding the river, was frequently ami fiercely contested by the h and the Normans during the 12th and 13th .lies. The Welsh princes finally lost it about 1240, when it was captured by tlie English, and fortifications .1 liy QObert Marshall, ICarl of Pembroke. Edward I. made Uie castle his residence while organising iinient of South Wales. It was given, with the lordship, by Henry VII. to Catherine of ATI on her marriage with Prince Arthur. During the civil war of the 17th century, tln> castle was first garrisoned for the king, but was taken in 10.54 by the parlia- mentary forces under General Laugharne. Cardigan, although the county town, possessing about 3,000 in- habitants, is rather behindhand with the rest of the world, as yet not even being lighted with gas; and from its inconvenient position as regards the rest of the county much of the public business has been trans- fcma to Abengron. It has one principal street. The public buildings are the shirehaU, a handsome struc- ture erected in 1764 ; the county gaol, erected from a design by Nash in 1793; the market-house, ami the Union poorhouso. The Teifi is crossed by an m bridge of seven arches. The pursuits of the inhabitants aro chiefly agricultural. Some arc employed in the ng trade, and in the salmon and herring fisheries. hguard, Newport, ami Huay are subports to Cardigan. There are about 230 vewcls iH-longing to the port, mostly of small burthen. The entrance to the harbour is obstructed by a bar, so that large vessels can only approach the town at spring The principal exports arc corn, slate, butter, ami bark; and the imports, coal, limestone, timln I i,. river abounds in good salmon. Cardigan is a very old borough, and claims to be such by prescription. 1'mler the Kel'orm Act it is governed by a mayor, 4 aldermen, and 12 councillors, with the stle of the "mayor, common council, and bur".' ,--. -of the town and borough ofCapligdii." The limits of tin,' hoi.,ui;h i -om- .rdigan, the hrrdts. of Abh. and l'.ii'li;e l-lnil. in tin- ] u. "I St. Dn^meH's, in brokeshirc. A- tin head of a jmrliamentary di Cardigan, with the contributury burmighs of At" with, A'lpar, and I. inipi ter, retunis one menilier t" tin imperial parliament. It i> the scut of a Poor-law Union, tin head of a <', unity (''Hirt district, and a polling-]ila'( The assUes and quarter sessions an- In i I ini,- ('anli^an is t!.' dcac. in tie 9t li.uiil.-. The living is uvic. in the some dioc., of tho val. of 1.53, in the patmn. of the lord chancellor. The chin Mary. It is a large and an and pcip.-inli. ular sUl.s. ith a line tower at tho end. It contains an old octagonal font adorn. sculpture, and a go< 1 piscina. : I) Ide-t part of tin- building, and ha- n rrntly ir.-tor. d. There are tour chapels in tin- t.,v. ing to the Indepi n. 1. nts, l:.i]iti.-t.-, Cahi: i-lran MithndiM-. Tin ho,.l I'Hinded and endowed by Ijidy I nwallit and has an in. ut i"J(l u hands, line building, in the early F.nglish i in ISIS for tin- National school, in wl, service is al .illy jwrforiin-d. There is free school for girls. A small Dominican priory an- existed here, hidi was a cell to Chertsey Abbe its site now stands tho mansion called the formerly the seat of tho Pryse family. T! castle, consisting of part of the walls in
 * by the river, near the ancient 1

now converted into a modern dwelling, cm pt tin which still retains its underground passages and geons, used as cellars. There are no remains of town walls. Hen la-;, 11 is a small ancient camp tho town; and 1 mile nem i tin mouth of the the scanty ruins of the once famous Abbey of St. Dogmells, which was ,-nly second in size and inip.-itunie i-Fhriila. Cardigan gives the title of M^H the Brudenell family. Saturday is the market day. Fairs are held on t!n i:nb February, the .th April, the Sth September, and the liltll December. CAKDKiANSHlliK.a maritim. :;, Wales, is bounded on tho N. and N.K. by the cos. of Me- rioneth and Montgomery ; on tin K. by liadnnrshirt and Brecknockshire; on tin- S. by Ounartl and Pembrokeshire; and on tho W. by i It .t.nds in length from N.K. to S.V. 45 miles, ud varies in breadth from 12 to 20 miles. In form it approaches a crescent, concave towards tho sea, a regular coast-line of about 45 miles. Its c about 160 miles, and it comprises an area of acres. The co. is situated between 52 N. lat., and between 3' 40' and * i Under the dominion of the Romans tin included in that division of the island , ilia Secunda, and was occupied by th bcmeta. It was crossed by tho gi Occidtntalu, on which was the station 1>. present name of the county is a corruption of the Welsh name C'arcdiyion, signifying " Car. which was applied to that part nt South V. Caredig for a lordship, in tin ."itli MttWT, Or Roddick th' < ill at, h. ralilr |>oes<,. digan in the 9th century, and on his death it wa I to his son Cadell. The lordshi] included, besides Cardiganshire, tin ^n a! marthcnshire ; nnd Dynevor, in the latter c-.unty, w mode tho seat of government. The possessi district was fiercely disjiuteil betv lincei o North and South Wales during the 10th century ; an< the devastations thus occasioned were imreas. by an inroad of tin ho only rein iving a tribute from Meredydd, then King o Wales. The Normans made unsncc. s-tul all possess themselves ol this part of Wales in 11)71, but it was not till 1092 that they effect.. : meiit b istlr was Inim.b'd at that tim i dr Montgomery, who did homage to Willuui i tin province. There wri with varying results, b'-tween tho Norman h'-ttleni an. tin- Wr!>h ])rinccs. and in 1*1117 tin- t'onnrr wi : out of the country by (.'adwgan a]i Hlr.ldyn. ^^^^Hl II alter deprived of tin- territory b, PB, who was empowered by H.ni I it. A few years lat. r (iriillyd ap ! i-.pt to possess him-. !i ol and was w.innly t-npp. .iti d by the natii tin- inhabitants. Itut bis attempt had I ending, his army being at last checked and cut to pieo