Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/472

Rh CAMBRID 4G2 c.VMUKI! fi.r theology- and Hebrew. -TN in number, ale ti.vd liy invariable rules. 0. ' or Michachi. Term tMgini on the 1st Octuhi i ends on thu 10th Ueeeml.er: I.<nt nr January '!' nn in the l.'ith January to tin; .Friday 1 l';ilni Sunday; and Kaster or Midsummer Term irom the Friday alter Kaster Sunday to the Friday aftor the last Tuesday but one in June. The several orders in the colleges are the following : the Until, usually a I).])., and called Matter in all the colleges except King's College and u's College, the head of the former being styled J'roroil, and of the latter, J'n -iilenl ; fellourt, usually doctors in one of the tlin M.A.S or B.A.s, in the various faculties; Fellow Con: moneri, who have the privilege of dining at the fellows' table ; Penrioiieri, Scholar>, and Sitart ; the latter usually have free com- mons and various emoluments. Alt' r entering the Uni-
 * y every undergraduate must write his name in tho

University Register, which is called " matriculation," the undergraduate of tho first vear is a "fresh- man;" in his second year he is called a "junior soph," and in his third year a "senior soph." No declara- tion or oath is now required previous to matriculation or taking a B.A. degree. The first University examination, called tho " previous," or " little-go," takes place in the second Lent Term after the commencement of residence. The second examination for the degree of B.A., takes place in the January of the fourth year of residence, i.e. after ten terms for those who are candidates for honours. Those who take only the ordinary degree ore called oi n-oXXoi, or familiarly " the poll," and may pass their ex- aminations in tho previous June, i.e. in the ninth term after commencing residence. The lists of the successful candidates for honours are called" triposes." The classical tripos was founded in 1824, and confined to those who had already obtained mathematical honours ; now, however, any undergraduate may be a candidate for classical honours, and may obtain liis degree in the same man- ner as by the mathematical tripos. The same is now true of the moral and natural sciences triposes, which were established in 1861. In the mathematical tripos, three classes of merit are distinguished the first, wranglers ; the second, senior optimcs ; and the third, junior optimes. The "senior wrangler" is the foremost mathematician of his year. The last of the junior optimes is familiarly called the "wooden spoon*" There arc three classes also in the classical tripos. The terms of residence, examinations, and other academical regu- lations, will be found in the " Cambridge University Calendar," which is published annually. Honorary degrees were formerly conferred on privy councillors, bishops, and various classes of noblemen ; but this practice was abolished by the Senate in 1826. Honorary degrees are, however, frequently conferred by tin, University on persons illustrious by their birth or their public services. A brief account must now bo given of the Colleges seventeen in number, composing the University, and o: the public buildings and institutions connected with it Tho colleges, nearly all extra parochial, were first foundei to take tho place of the hostels in which the studeir to lodge at their own charges. Magdalene College and th . part of St. John's are the only buildings on the W. side of the Cam. Sidney College, Christ's College Jesus College, Emmanuel College, and Downing College stand detached in other parts of tho town. I has a master's lodge, apartments for tho follows and stu dents, library, chapel, hall, and combination (1m room. Tho most ancient of the colleges is ST. Pm Peter House, founded by Hugh do Balsham, afterward Bishop of Ely. Although made a residence for student about lii.'>7, it was not constituted a college till 20 years later. This college has a master, 14 foundation :un 11) bye-fellowships, and 62 scholarships. Tho buildings situated on the E. side of Trumpington-street, '.insist o tllT" "lit Of eat by the' li'ev. I and a small hand M chapel, built in 103'J. It has a. tine K. window o Mod glass, with a rcpr. -. illation nf the Crucifix im ftor Rubens ; and six other painted windows of .Mu lacs have recently been inserted by pubsmption- ITCO on the X. side, representing Abraham oil saac, St. John in the Wilderness, and th' cm tho East; and three on tip- S. side r. 10 Resurrection, Healing the Sick, and eforo Felix. Amonf; the student* of IVti r House wet 'ardinal Beaufort, Colonel Huteliinson, th. cpublican officcrduring the Civil War. lii-hop V ditor of the Polyglot Bible, the Poet ''"ay, and x>rd Ellonborough. CLAKK HALL, at Jniversity Hall, was founded by Dr. Richard I'.-t 326, and having been burnt down, was refound Elizabeth, sister of Gilbert Earl of Clare, in 1 :u I . ociety is composed of a master, 19 foundation ye-fellows, and about 50 scholars. The buildings st icar tho river, on the W. side of the town, betw (ing's and Caius colleges, and are connected with leasant grounds on the opposite side by a stone bi li' y form a spacious court, 150 feet long by 111 bl^H nd were rebuilt of Ketton stone in ICits as rebuilt about 1763, from designs by Sir .lames Jiirrough. Tho college possesses portraits of lady Elizabeth Clare, tho foundress, Holies, Duko of H|fl a.stli', and Archbishop Tilloteon. Hugh l,at:i Burnet, Ralph Ciidworth, the philosopher, Parkhu he lexicographer, Whiston, translator of Josop: Nicholas Ferrer, the friend of George Herbert, tudents of Clare Hall. PMBROKB Comai ( or was founded by Mary de St. Paul, Com iroko, in 1343, in memory of her husband, *l accidentally slain at a tournament on tho day o nuptials. It was munificently endowed by H ; and at present consists of a master, 14 foundatio >yc-fellows, and about 30 scholars. Tho colic:.- ngs, on the E. side of Trumpington-street, which stands between them. The chapel, dcsigne^l Sir Christopher Wren, and built in 1665 at the exp^l of Dr. Wren, Bishop of Ely, is an elegant and wall- proportioned structure. In the inner court is a detached building containing the hollow sphere, 18 feet ]p diameter, devised by Dr. Long, profess- with representations in colours of tin print ijal const* lations of the northern hemisphere. It is fitted up at lecture-room. The college contains portraits < : dress, of the poets Spenser and Gray, Kidlej, and others. Among tho distinguished IIP r here were, besides those just named, tho poets Cra and Mason, archbishops Grindall and Whiu Andrews, Edward Calamy, and the i- William Pitt. (toNvii.i.u or C.ui s ' founded by Edmund Gonville in l:US, and him at first tho name of (ionville Hull; but bein largcd and refounded in 1667 by Dr. physician to Queen Mary, received its ; It is usually culled Caius (pronounced Keyt) r The society includes a master, 29 follows, and 60 The buildings stand between Trinity Coll< Senate House, and consist of two courts, with called tho gates of Humility, Virtue, and i gate of Honour and tho internal court of < are particularly deserving of observation of Theodore Have, or Havenius, who dj (iiovanni di Padua tho honour of ha art. into England. Tho chapel, rebuilt lit beginning of the IStli century, < knight, and a monument to Dr. Caius. with the ut : iirit ]! I'irtia." too, is interred Sir James Brough, who .1 ..I the ("nheisitv buildings, and ili.d in 1771 librarj- has a good collection of works on Heraldry. _-e has a largo number of pci those of Dr. Caius, and all the masters except Many eminent physic ians have b. en dii' .'! - . among wliom arc Sir Cha! . the dispnerer of tb-
 * wo courts opening into each other through '
 * ,m. Jeremy Taylor, Jerenv

Dr. Samuel Clarke, and Lord Chancellor Thurlow TI