Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/467

Rh CAMAKOSS. 457 CAMBORNE. if Innishowen, in the co. of Donegal, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, near Malin. OAMAEOSS, a hmlt. in the bar. of Vest Shelmaliere, n the co. of Wexford, prov. of Munster, Ireland, miles to the N.W. of Taghmon. CAMBERFORD, a hmlt. in the par. of Tarn-worth, lund. of Hemlingford, in the co. of Warwick, 2 milus to he N. of Tarn-worth. Tho Midland West Branch rail- vay, "ii which Tamworth is a station, passes hy this ibice. CAMBERWELL, a par. in the eastern div. of the nind. of Brixton, in the co. of Surrey, 3 miles to the S. of it. Paul's, London. The original par. of Camberwell ex- ended overan area of about 4,3-12 acres, including within ts limits the pleasant suburban districts of Dulwich, lerne Hill, and Peckham, with a considerable extent of ipen country. This place is mentioned in Domesday (ook MS Cainbreu-ell, and a church appears to have existed liere before that survey was made. The Grand Surrey hich joins the Thames opposite Shadwell, ter- near Camberwell-road ; and the South-Eastem iiilway touches the southern extremity of the parish. As me of the most pleasant suburbs of the metropolis, Cam- iienrell contains many seats of the gentry and resi- .ences of wealthy merchants and citizens. The streets re lighted with gas, and tho inhabitants are supplied vith water by the South London company. The par. L-onstitutes a Poor-law Union by itself. Cambcrwoll is ne t-i tho polling places for the eastern div. of tho o. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Winchester, of he val. with the pcrpet. cur. of Forest Hill, of 1,820, itely in the patron, of the Rev. J. Williams. The [hurch is dedicated to St. Giles. It is a spacious md handsome edifice in the form of a cross, in the perpendicular style of architecture, -with a tower and ofty spire, and was erected about 1844 from designs by >cott and lloffatt. It stands on the site of the old fhurch, which contained several interesting monuments md brasses, but was burnt down in 1841. There are (line other churches of modern date. The living of St. Seorge's is a cur., val. 500, in the patron, of Sir W. B. Smyth, Bart. The church, built about 1824, stands near (he canal, and is of the Doric order of architecture, with i portico of six columns at the west front. The cur. of Damden church is of the annual val. of 900, and that of Emmanuel church of 300, both in the gift of trustees. Christ Church, situated in the Old Kent-road ; St. Mary Magdalene, Peckham ; and St. Paul's, Herne Hill, are also iierpet. eurs., the first two of the val. of 300 each, in the iiatron. of trustees ; and the last, val. 500, in the gift of 'iV. Stone, Esq. In addition to these churches, which have heir several districts, schools, and ecclesiastical establish- ments as distinct parishes, there are three other places of worship belonging to the Established Church, viz. Peck- Lam Proprietary chapel, East Dulwich chapel, and Dul- wich College chapel. This last forms part of the muni- ficent endowment called " God's Gift College, in Dul- wich," which was endowed byE. Alleyn, the celebrated .ictor, in 1619. Adjoining it are the college and masters' apartments, and a gallery containing a fine collection of pfirtraits and pictures, chiefly of noted actors, poets, and literary celebrities, recently thrown open to the public through the generosity of the trustees. In the charter chest of tho college are preserved the diary and account book of Philip Henslowe, one of the most valuable docu- ments extant in illustration of the drama and stage in the time of Queen Elizabeth. Here too are preserved the Shakspeare documents, recently of such thill- ling interest in connection with the Collier question. The chapels belonging to the Independents, Baptists, Wesleyan Methodists, and other Dissenters are numerous, nnd several of them handsome structures. Here are a grammar school, founded and endowed by Edward Wilson in 1618, a green-coat school, and several other endowed schools. The Surrey literary institution is in Union-row. The par. contains almshouses for 60 aged persons, and the Union poorhouse. The charitable en- dowments for the relief of the poor, consisting of be- quests by Sir Edmund Bowyer, Abigail Bowles, and " VOL. i. Harriet Smith, and tho produce of tho poor's land, amount to nearly 300 per annum. There are a savings- bank and police stations. Among the interesting spots in Camberwell, are the house in which Sir Christopher Wren lived, situated in Camberwell-road ; St. Thomas' Watering, whore pilgrims used to rest on their way to the shrine of St. Thomas-a-Becket, at Canterbury ; Oak of Honour Hill, where Queen Elizabeth is said to have onco dined under an oak ; the curious old manor-house at Denmark Hill, with its fine hall and painted apartments ; Grove Hill, formerly the seat of the eminent physician, Dr. Lettsom ; near which is the site of the old house in which lived the uncle of George Barnwell, the murderer, and hero of a once celebrated tragedy. The spring from which Camberwell derived its name is near Grove Hill, and in many places the ancient Ermine Street may be traced. Camberwell cemetery is on high ground near Oak of Honour Hill. It has two chapels, and is pleasantly laid out. The seat of Sir J. Key, Bart., is on Denmark Hill ; and that of Lady do Crespigny at Champion Hill. A pleasure fair is held annually in August on Camberwell Green. CAMBLESFORTH, a tushp. in the par. of Drax, and wap. of Barkstone-Ash, in the West Riding of the co. of York, 3 miles to the N. of Snaith. It lies near the Lancashire and Yorkshire railway, on which Snaith is a station. Here are a small endowed free school and six endowed almshouses. The tnshp. shares the benefit of the free school at Drax. The chief residence is Cam- blesforth Hall, tho scat of Sir C. Blois, Bart. CAMBO, a tnshp. and chplry. in the par. of Hart- burn, Tindale ward, in the co. of Northumberland, 11 miles to the V. of Morpeth, its post town. It is situated on a branch of the Wansbeck river. The branch rail- way from Morpeth to meet the Border Counties section of the North British railway passes near this place. The living is a pcrpet. cur. in the dioc. of Durham, val. 118, in the patron, of the vicar. There is a small endowed school. Brown, the landscape gardener, was a native of this village. CAMBOIS, or CHAMBOIS, a tnshp. in the par. of Bedlington, Chester ward, in the co. of Northumber- land, 7 miles to the E. of Morpeth. It is seated on the coast, at the mouth of the Wansbeck, and is joined to North Blyth. CAMBORNE, a par. and market town in thehund. of Penwith, in the co. of Cornwall, 4 miles to the W. of Redruth, and 266 miles from London by road, or 315 miles by the Great Western, Cornwall and West Corn- wall railways, on the latter of which it is a station. The par. lies near the sea-coast, in the centre of an important mining district, and contains the populous districts of Tuckingmill, Treslothan, and Penponds. Granite and slate are the principal rocks in the neighbourhood. The mines of copper and tin are in a range of granite hills, extending westward from Redruth to Crowan. Dol- coath was formerly a copper-mine, but it is now worked for tin, of which rich lodes are found underneath the copper. It is about 2 miles to the AV. of the lofty Carn- brea Down, and is sunk to the depth of above 2,000 feet. The various passages of this mine extend above a mile in length, and 2,000 persons are employed in working it. Of the other mines, which have been long worked and are of great depth, may be mentioned tho East Wheal Croft, Cook's Kitchen, Wheal Gons, and Great Wheal Prosper the last being a tin-mine and also yielding china-clay. The town, which has 14,000 inhabitants, contains some good houses, and has a neat appearance. Scattered over the parish are many cot- tages of the miners, and the residences of the owners, and directors of the works. There is a market-house, built by Lord de Dunstanville. Petty sessions are held regu- larly in the town. The living is a rect. * in the dioc. of Exeter, of the annual val. of 600, in the gift of J. F. Bassett, Esq. The church is a fine old granite edifice in the perpendicular style, dedicated to St. Martin, and has been recently restored. It contains a sculptured altar-piece of marble, a carved oak pulpit, and several monuments of the Pendarves family. The Norman font, 3 X